Browsing by Autor "A. Reyes"

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Major Enteropathogenic Bacteria Isolated from Diarrheal Patients in Bolivia: A Hospital‐Based Study
(Wiley, 1995) Akiyoshi Utsunomiya; Daniel Elío‐Calvo; A. Reyes; Ernesto Sanzetenea Castro; Enrique Rodríguez; Carolina Tress; Jenny I. Zamora de Corzo; Erika Hannover; Akemi Kai; Kazumichi Tamura
A total of 1,234 fecal samples from diarrhea cases were examined for etiological bacterial agents at medical facilities in La Paz and Sucre, Bolivia. Eighty strains of Shigella spp., 39 strains of Salmonella spp., 29 strains of Vibrio cholerae, and 222 strains of enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (139 EPEC, 55 ETEC, 29 EIEC, and 1 EHEC) were isolated. With regard to the serovars of Shigella, S. flexneri 2a, 3a, and 1b were predominant. In the case of Salmonella, S. enteritidis was the most common, followed by S. typhi, S. poona, and S. paratyphi B. Out of 29 cholera strains, 25 belonged to biovar El Tor, serovar Ogawa while the remaining 4 were serovar Inaba. Among 55 strains of ETEC serotypes, 5 showed ST producers but none showed LT producers. Likewise, among 55 strains of enterohemorrhagic serotypes, only one strain (O157:H7) produced verocytotoxin (VT 2). The results of drug sensitivity tests revealed the predominance of Shigella, EPEC, and ETEC strains resistant to aminobenzil-penicillin (ABPC) and trimethoprim. Since diarrheal patients in Bolivia are treated mainly with ABPC or sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim (SXT) and rarely with gentamicin, kanamycin, or other drugs, it is possible that ABPC- and SXT-resistant strains will increase and persist in the near future.
Project-Based Learning as a Pedagogical Tool in Teaching the Safe Management of Pesticides in an Agricultural-Rural Community
(Hipatia Press, 2021) J Román Hernández; A. Reyes; Jorge-Manuel Dueñas; Martha Merchán-Merchán; Gerson-Dirceu López
Project-based learning (PBL) is a teaching method that has proven effective in stimulating student learning through meaningful experiences that focus on solving problems, many of which are part of the learners' everyday lives. Therefore, this research aimed to use PBL as a pedagogical tool to identify environmental problems caused by the inefficient use of pesticides in agricultural communities by implementing and developing a school research project in natural sciences. To achieve the objective, we use a direct sample of 80 students (66.3% girls) aged between 15 and 17 with an average age of 16.1 (SD = 70), and an indirect sample of 338 agricultural workers (57.20% men) aged between 17 and 61, with an average age of 26.9 (SD = 11.12). Our results showed that the PBL is an adequate tool to teach content situated in the population's needs and be adequate to educate rural populations informally. This pedagogical strategy can improve the environmental awareness of the students through their participation in the community. Educational and socio-community implications are discussed
Terapia Larval con Musca Domestica en el Tratamiento de la úlcera Leishmánicaen un Modelo Murino
(National University of Colombia, 2020) A. Reyes; Jazzmín Arrivillaga; Milagros Josefina Oviedo Araújo; José Vicente Scorza Dagert; Lenin Ron-Garrido
La leishmaniosis es una enfermedad con gran impacto en salud pública dado a las características de las lesiones tegumentarias. El tratamiento experimental con terapia larval (TL) ha mostrado su uso potencial para la cura de la leishmaniosis, sin embargo, se han utilizado especies de moscas para TL en heridas causadas por Leishmania que no son de fácil colecta y cultivo bajo condiciones de laboratorio como Lucilia sericata o Calliphora vicina. El objetivo del presente trabajo fue usar una especie de mosca de fácil colecta, y de alta fecundidad como la Musca domestica para aplicarlas en TL de úlceras leishmánicas. Se realizó un estudio cuali-cuantitativo, de tipo descriptivo, mediante un diseño experimental empleado un modelo animal (Mesocricetus auratus), infectado con Leishmania amazonensis para evaluar el efecto terapéutico de la TL y comparar los resultados con el tratamiento químico antimonial de la droga experimental “Ulamina”. Se evidencia cicatrización y cura de la úlcera leishmánica en el 66,66 % de los animales tratados con TL en aplicación simple y del 100 % en TL combinada con Ulamina. El uso combinado de TL+Ulamina, muestra un efecto potenciador de la cura clínica de las úlceras, pero con persistente inflamación. Se observó una efectividad óptima de la TL con M. domestica, sobre las úlceras, aunque no se evidenció un efecto sobre L. amazonensis dado a la presencia de amastigotes en los frotis y a los amplicones obtenidos de 480 bp desde las improntas de los animales.