Browsing by Autor "A. Rogberg‐Muñoz"

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    Divergent adaptation to highland and tropical environments in Bolivian Creole cattle
    (Elsevier BV, 2025) Olivia Marcuzzi; Paulo Álvarez Cecco; Leónidas H. Olivera; J. A. C. Pereira; Francisco Calcaterra; Ariel Loza Vega; Pilar Peral García; María Elena Fernández; A. Rogberg‐Muñoz; Guillermo Giovambattista
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    Divergent adaptation to highland and tropical environments in Bolivian Creole cattle
    (2024) Guillermo Giovambattista; Olivia Marcuzzi; Paulo Álvarez Cecco; Leónidas H. Olivera; Juan Pereira Rico; Francisco Calcaterra; Ariel Loza Vega; Pilar Peral García; María Baro Fernández; A. Rogberg‐Muñoz
    <title>Abstract</title> Bolivian Creole cattle populations evolved under low levels of breeding management and, during more than 500 years of natural selection, became adapted to various environments such as the contrasting highland and subtropical environments. Recently, highland Creole cattle were crossbred with Holstein to improve dairy production. The aim of this research was to evaluate the divergent adaptation through selection footprints of Bolivian Creole cattle from Andean highland and tropical lowlands, and to evaluate the effect of Holstein introgression in highland Creole. For this purpose, 130 Creole cattle (75 highland, 55 lowland) and 88 Holstein were genotyped using a microarray. The database was used to determine population structure and admixture and detect selection sweeps using F<sub>ST</sub>, Rsb, XP-EHH and ROH. Ancestry inference suggested that selection peaks were not due to Holstein introgression. The NCBI database was used to retrieve genes from the common regions and then perform gene ontology analysis. The most prominent selection peaks were on BTA20 and BTA23 and included the <italic>PRLR </italic>(slick phenotype) and<italic> Class I</italic> and <italic>IIa BoLA</italic> genes. Other windows contained candidate genes for hypoxia (<italic>ANXA2</italic>, <italic>NDUFA4L2</italic>), angiogenesis, immune response (<italic>IL7R</italic>, <italic>IL6ST</italic>, <italic>IL31RA</italic>, <italic>C6</italic>, <italic>C7,</italic> <italic>STAT6</italic>, <italic>NKG2A</italic>, <italic>IRAK4</italic>, <italic>KLR, CLEC</italic>), oxidative stress (<italic>GSTA, HSD17B6</italic>) and morphological traits (<italic>PLAG1, CHCHD7</italic>, <italic>CAP2,</italic> <italic>ARL15)</italic>. GO analysis revealed enrichment terms and pathways related to immune response, glutathione and retinol metabolism and reported QTLs for coat characteristics, immune response, and tick resistance. The results suggest the complex mechanism in the adaptation of Bolivian Creole cattle to the contrasting highland and subtropical environments.
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    Genetic diversity of Calpain 1 gene in Creole, Nellore and Brahman bovine breeds in Bolivia
    (Asociación Latinoamericana de Producción Animal, 2022) J. A. C. Pereira; A.H. Falomir-Lockhart; Ariel Loza Vega; Egle E. Villegas‐Castagnasso; Pedro Rojas; M.H. Carino; Rodrigo Alberto Hoyos Sánchez; A. Rogberg‐Muñoz; Guillermo Giovambattista
    In Bolivia, beef production is mainly based on two genotypes, Bos taurus (Creole cattle) and B. indicus (zebu), being weight gain the main selection criteria used by farmers. However, meat quality and especially tenderness must be incorporated in the selection process. Meat tenderness is partly determined by the calpain CAPN1)/ calpastatin (CAST) protein system. Thus, the objective of the present work was to determine and (compare the genetic variability of the CAPN1 gene in Creole (CreBo), Brahman (BraBo) and Nellore (NelBo) breeds in Bolivia. DNA was extracted from blood samples from 147 CreBo, 59 BraBo and 93 NelBo, and three polymorphisms were genotyped using ARMS­PCR (CAPN1­316 and CAPN1­4751) and PCR­RFLP (CAPN1­530). Furthermore, CAPN1­316 and CAPN1­4751 SNPs were analyzed with Axiom™ Bos 1 Genotyping Array r3 and the Axiom™ ArBos 1 Genotyping Array. Allele frequencies associated with higher tenderness in CreBo, BraBo and NelBo were 0.22, 0 and 0.09 (CAPN1­316 C; P &lt; 0.001), 0.76, 0.16 and 0.08 (CAPN1­4751 C; P &lt; 0.001), and 0.77, 0.92 and 0.94 (CAPN1­530 G; P &lt; 0.001). Linkage disequilibrium (LD) analysis revealed the presence of two LD blocks. Our results evidence that CreBo has a higher frequency of alleles associated with higher meat tenderness than the cebuine breeds. These markers could be used in breeding programs to improve Bolivian cattle herd meat quality either by selection within Creole breeds or crosses with cebuine cattle