Browsing by Autor "Alejandro Bonifacio"

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A Crossing Method for Quinoa
(Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute, 2015) Adam Peterson; Sven‐Erik Jacobsen; Alejandro Bonifacio; Kevin Murphy
As sustainable production of quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) increases and its geographic range of cultivation expands, quinoa breeding will allow use of the crop’s wide genetic diversity for cultivar improvement and for adaptation to new agroecosystems and climactic regimes. Such breeding work will require a reliable technique for crossing quinoa plants using hand emasculation. The technique described herein focuses on the isolation of small flower clusters produced low on the plant, emasculation of male flowers, and subsequent pairing of the emasculated female parent with a male parent undergoing anthesis. Various traits, such as plant color, seed color, and axil pigmentation can be used to confirm the successful production of F1 plants. The manual hybridization technology provides a significant advantage over pairing plants and relying on chance cross-pollination, and has been successfully used to generate crosses between quinoa cultivars, as well as interspecific crosses between quinoa and Chenopodium berlandieri. This technology will help pave the way for the introduction and sustainable expansion of quinoa on a global scale across a wide range of target environments and diverse farming systems.
A genetic linkage map of quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa) based on AFLP, RAPD, and SSR markers
(Springer Science+Business Media, 2004) Peter J. Maughan; Alejandro Bonifacio; Eric N. Jellen; Mikel R. Stevens; Craig E. Coleman; M.L. Ricks; Sara Mason; David E. Jarvis; Brian Gardunia; Daniel J. Fairbanks
Agent-Based Models and Integrated Pest Management Diffusion in Small Scale Farmer Communities
(2014) François Rebaudo; Carlos Carpio; Verónica Crespo-Pérez; Mario Herrera; María Mayer de Scurrah; Raúl Carlos Canto; Ana Gabriela Montañez; Alejandro Bonifacio; Milan Mamani; Raúl Saravia
Ajipa (Pachyrhizus ahipa [Wedd.] Parodi): traditional use, process, marketplace, issues, and outlook
(Elsevier BV, 2024) Juan Pablo Rodríguez; Alejandro Bonifacio; Carmen Castillo; Victor Tola; Alfredo Grau; Eduardo O. Leidi; Marten Sørensen
Assessment of genetic diversity in the USDA and CIP-FAO international nursery collections of quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) using microsatellite markers
(Cambridge University Press, 2007) Shawn A. Christensen; Donald B. Pratt; Charles S. Pratt; Paul Nelson; Mikel R. Stevens; Eric N. Jellen; Craig E. Coleman; Daniel J. Fairbanks; Alejandro Bonifacio; Peter J. Maughan
Quinoa ( Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) is a staple food crop for millions of impoverished rural inhabitants of Andean South America where it has been cultivated for millennia. Interest in quinoa, due largely to its superior nutritional characteristics, is fuelling a growing export market and has led to an increased focus on genetic research and the development of quinoa breeding programmes throughout South America. The success of these breeding programmes will rely heavily on the development of core germplasm collections and germplasm conservation. We report the development of a set of fluorescence-tagged microsatellite molecular markers that can be used to characterize genetic diversity within quinoa germplasm and we use this set of 36 microsatellites markers to genetically characterize the diversity of 121 accessions of C. quinoa held in the USDA germplasm bank, 22 accessions from the CIP-FAO international nursery collection and eight accessions representing parents from genetic mapping populations. A total of 420 alleles were detected among the quinoa accessions with an average of 11 alleles detected per microsatellite locus. Genetic heterogeneity was observed in 32% of the quinoa accessions at a given locus and suggests that many of these accessions represent heterogeneous seed lots or landraces. Both unweighted pair-group method with arithmetic averages (UPGMA) and principle components analysis (PCA) analyses partitioned the quinoa accessions into two main clusters. The first major cluster consisted of accessions from the Andean highlands of Peru, Bolivia, Ecuador, Argentina and extreme northeastern Chile. The other main cluster contained accessions from both the lowlands of Chile and a set of USDA accessions with no known passport data, collected by Emigdio Ballón. Using the patterns of genetic diversity detected within the C. quinoa accessions we discuss hypotheses regarding quinoa's centre of diversity, including highland and lowland ecotype clustering patterns, origin of lowland varieties, origin of domestication, and diversity levels in the USDA and CIP-FAO collections.
Cañahua (Chenopodium pallidicaule Aellen)
(Elsevier BV, 2023) Juan Pablo Rodríguez; Alejandro Bonifacio; Luz Gómez-Pando; Angel Mújica; Marten Sørensen
Characterization of Salt Overly Sensitive 1 (SOS1) gene homoeologs in quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.)
(NRC Research Press, 2009) Peter J. Maughan; T.B. Turner; Craig E. Coleman; D. B. Elzinga; Eric N. Jellen; Jorge Morales; Joshua A. Udall; Daniel J. Fairbanks; Alejandro Bonifacio
Salt tolerance is an agronomically important trait that affects plant species around the globe. The Salt Overly Sensitive 1 (SOS1) gene encodes a plasma membrane Na+/H+ antiporter that plays an important role in germination and growth of plants in saline environments. Quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) is a halophytic, allotetraploid grain crop of the family Amaranthaceae with impressive nutritional content and an increasing worldwide market. Many quinoa varieties have considerable salt tolerance, and research suggests quinoa may utilize novel mechanisms to confer salt tolerance. Here we report the cloning and characterization of two homoeologous SOS1 loci (cqSOS1A and cqSOS1B) from C. quinoa, including full-length cDNA sequences, genomic sequences, relative expression levels, fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) analysis, and a phylogenetic analysis of SOS1 genes from 13 plant taxa. The cqSOS1A and cqSOS1B genes each span 23 exons spread over 3477 bp and 3486 bp of coding sequence, respectively. These sequences share a high level of similarity with SOS1 homologs of other species and contain two conserved domains, a Nhap cation-antiporter domain and a cyclic-nucleotide binding domain. Genomic sequence analysis of two BAC clones (98 357 bp and 132 770 bp) containing the homoeologous SOS1 genes suggests possible conservation of synteny across the C. quinoa sub-genomes. This report represents the first molecular characterization of salt-tolerance genes in a halophytic species in the Amaranthaceae as well as the first comparative analysis of coding and non-coding DNA sequences of the two homoeologous genomes of C. quinoa.
Construction of a quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) BAC library and its use in identifying genes encoding seed storage proteins
(Springer Science+Business Media, 2006) Mikel R. Stevens; Craig E. Coleman; Susan E. Parkinson; Peter J. Maughan; H.-B. Zhang; Marie Balzotti; David L. Kooyman; K. Arumuganathan; Alejandro Bonifacio; Daniel J. Fairbanks
Contributors
(Elsevier BV, 2023) Peter Adeolu Adedibu; Tariq Aftab; Swati Agarwal; Eric Etchikinto Agoyi; David Adedayo Animasaun; Mahua Banerjee; Neelam Bhardwaj; Mahendar Singh Bhinda; Matthew W. Blair; Alejandro Bonifacio
Development and use of an expressed sequenced tag library in quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) for the discovery of single nucleotide polymorphisms
(Elsevier BV, 2004) Nathan D. Coles; Craig E. Coleman; Shawn A. Christensen; Eric N. Jellen; Mikel R. Stevens; Alejandro Bonifacio; J. Rojas‐Beltrán; Daniel J. Fairbanks; Peter J. Maughan
Development and use of microsatellite markers for genetic diversity analysis of cañahua (Chenopodium pallidicaule Aellen)
(Springer Science+Business Media, 2010) A. Vargas; D. B. Elzinga; J. Rojas‐Beltrán; Alejandro Bonifacio; Brad Geary; Mikel R. Stevens; Eric N. Jellen; Peter J. Maughan
Development and Use of Microsatellite Markers for Germplasm Characterization in Quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.)
(Wiley, 2005) Sara Mason; Mikel R. Stevens; Eric N. Jellen; Alejandro Bonifacio; Daniel J. Fairbanks; Craig E. Coleman; Ronald McCarty; Andrew Rasmussen; Peter J. Maughan
Quinoa ( Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) is a widely consumed food crop and a primary protein source for many of the indigenous inhabitants of the Andean region of South America. The objective of this study was to develop a collection of reproducible and highly informative microsatellite markers for quinoa. A total of 1276 clones were sequenced from three microsatellite‐enriched (CA, ATT, ATG) libraries. Four hundred fifty‐seven (36%) of the clones contained unique microsatellites. The most common repeated motifs, other than CA, AAT, and ATG, were GA and CAA. Flanking primers were designed for 397 microsatellite loci and screened using a panel of diverse quinoa accessions and one accession of C. berlandieri Moq., a wild relative of quinoa. Two hundred eight (52%) of the microsatellite markers were polymorphic among the quinoa accessions. An additional 25 of the microsatellite markers (6%) were polymorphic when the C. berlandieri accession was included in the analysis. Only in rare instances (nine) did a microsatellite amplify in quinoa and not in C. berlandieri The number of observed alleles ranged from 2 to 13, with an average of four alleles detected per locus. Heterozygosity values ranged from 0.20 to 0.90 with a mean value of 0.57. Sixty‐seven markers (32%) were highly polymorphic ( H ≥ 0.70). These microsatellites markers are an ideal resource for use in managing quinoa germplasm, trait mapping and marker‐assisted breeding strategies. The wide cross‐species transportability of these markers may extend their value to research involving other Chenopodium species.
Diseases of Quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa)
(Taylor & Francis, 2003) Solveig Danielsen; Alejandro Bonifacio; T. Ames
Downy mildew caused by Peronospora farinosais the most damaging disease of quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa), an ancient Andean grain crop. The disease has been reported from all areas of quinoa cultivation. In the Andean highlands, it is considered endemic. Despite the disease's wide dissemination and significant effect on quinoa crop production, little is known about its epidemiology, host specialization, population structure, and host plant resistance. There is a similar knowledge gap regarding other quinoa diseases, such as Rhizoctoniadamping off, Fusariumwilt, leaf spot (Ascochyta hyalospora), seed rot and damping off (Sclerotium rolfsii, Pythium zingiberum), and brown stalk rot (Phoma exiguavar. foveata). These diseases are less widespread than downy mildew but are still considered potential production constraints, particularly when the crop is introduced in areas outside its traditional growing regions. This article provides an overview of current knowledge on downy mildew and other diseases affecting quinoa production.
Genetic relationship among 19 accessions of six species of Chenopodium L., by Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA fragments (RAPD)
(Springer Science+Business Media, 1999) Paulo Maurício Ruas; Paulo Maurício Ruas; Paulo Maurício Ruas; Alejandro Bonifacio; Alejandro Bonifacio; Claudete F. Ruas; Claudete F. Ruas; Daniel J. Fairbanks
ChenopodiumSp.: Genetic Resources, Ethnobotany, and Geographic Distribution
(Taylor & Francis, 2003) Alejandro Bonifacio
The species of genus Chenopodium, family Chenopodiaceae, are herbaceous and bushy plants that grow in arid and semiarid zones of the world. The main characteristics of Chenopodiaceae constitute its...
Improvement of Quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) and Qañawa (Chenopodium pallidicaule Aellen) in the context of climate change in the high Andes
(2019) Alejandro Bonifacio; Alejandro Bonifacio
Quinoa and qañawa are the only native crops that produce food grain in the high Andes. The improvement of quinoa has been addressed by government institutions, universities and NGOs, obtaining improved varieties. However, qañawa has received little or no attention in the development of varieties, and only native varieties and revalued varieties exist. The native and improved varieties of quinoa have contributed to food production for rural families and for export, generating significant economic income. In recent decades, the production of these grains has been negatively affected by the effects of climate change. In the high Andes, climatic variability, together with climate change, disturbs the regime of climatic factors, with evident changes represented by drought, frost, hail and wind. The objective of this paper is to describe the context of climate change, review the progress in the improvement of quinoa and qañawa and propose adjustments to improve production methods in the high Andes. The genetic methods and materials used in the improvement of quinoa have allowed varieties with prioritized characters to be obtained in the last decades, and these varieties have met and continue to fulfill their roles in food production and income generation for producers. However, in the face of the effects of climate change, some varieties are becoming unfit for production, especially those with long growth cycles. Therefore, it has been proposed that new breeding objectives, new genetic materials for improvement and new sources of characters are needed, and production improvement methods in the context of climate change are suggested.
List of contributors
(Elsevier BV, 2024) Luan Alberto Andrade; Alessandro Barghini; Alejandro Bonifacio; Renan Campos Chisté; Marney Pascoli Cereda; Doris Chalampuente-Flores; Soledad Chavez; Bruno Condori; Igor Henrique de Lima Costa; Denise Dias da Cruz
Obstacles to integrated pest management adoption in developing countries
(National Academy of Sciences, 2014) Soroush Parsa; Stephen Morse; Alejandro Bonifacio; T. Chancellor; Bruno Condori; Verónica Crespo‐Pérez; S. L. A. Hobbs; Jürgen Kroschel; Malick N. Ba; François Rebaudo
Despite its theoretical prominence and sound principles, integrated pest management (IPM) continues to suffer from anemic adoption rates in developing countries. To shed light on the reasons, we surveyed the opinions of a large and diverse pool of IPM professionals and practitioners from 96 countries by using structured concept mapping. The first phase of this method elicited 413 open-ended responses on perceived obstacles to IPM. Analysis of responses revealed 51 unique statements on obstacles, the most frequent of which was "insufficient training and technical support to farmers." Cluster analyses, based on participant opinions, grouped these unique statements into six themes: research weaknesses, outreach weaknesses, IPM weaknesses, farmer weaknesses, pesticide industry interference, and weak adoption incentives. Subsequently, 163 participants rated the obstacles expressed in the 51 unique statements according to importance and remediation difficulty. Respondents from developing countries and high-income countries rated the obstacles differently. As a group, developing-country respondents rated "IPM requires collective action within a farming community" as their top obstacle to IPM adoption. Respondents from high-income countries prioritized instead the "shortage of well-qualified IPM experts and extensionists." Differential prioritization was also evident among developing-country regions, and when obstacle statements were grouped into themes. Results highlighted the need to improve the participation of stakeholders from developing countries in the IPM adoption debate, and also to situate the debate within specific regional contexts.
Quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa)
(2007) Peter J. Maughan; Alejandro Bonifacio; Craig E. Coleman; Eric N. Jellen; Mikel R. Stevens; Daniel J. Fairbanks
Quinua de valle (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.): fuente valiosa de resistencia genética al mildiu (Peronospora farinosa Willd.)
(Selva Andina Research Society, 2013) Julio Gabriel; Nayra Luna; A. F. C. Vargas; Jury Magne; Ada Angulo; Jaime La Torre; Alejandro Bonifacio
Con el objetivo de identificar cultivares de quinua resistentes a mildiu (Peronospora farinosa) de alto rendimiento y tamano grande de grano, se evaluo 36 cultivares bajo dos tipos de control para mildiu y un testigo en el valle bajo de Cochabamba. Se determino el Area Bajo la Curva de Progreso de Peronsopora farinosa relativa (ABCPPFrel), el rendimiento y otras 11 variables cuantitativas. Los resultados mostraron que los cultivares 01Tardia, 08Tardia, 12Tardia, 04Tardia, 11Tardia 10Tardia, 19Tardia y 18Tardia fueron susceptibles y los cultivares H172, A26, A03, A16, A22, A14 y H171 fueron los mas resistentes. Los cultivares A40, H177, A26, H172, A25, A1 y H176 mostraron rendimientos entre 3.4 a 6.34 t ha-1. Los cultivares 15Tadia, 03 Tardia, 14Tardia, H173, H171, A25, H176 y H172 con la estrategia de control quimico y con el tricobal reaccionaron favorablemente contra el mildiu, lo cual fue asociado a los niveles de resistencia en cada cultivar. Finalmente, hubo una alta correlacion negativa y significativa entre el ABCPPFrel y las variables madurez fisiologica, longitud de planta, longitud de panoja, diametro de tallo, diametro de panoja y peso de 100 semillas. Esto mostro que cuando el ataque del mildiu es severo, afecta tambien al rendimiento en grano.