Browsing by Autor "Bernardo Arriaza"

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    Nuevos fechados absolutos para el proceso de formación de sitios Chinchorro en el Morro de Arica, costa centro-sur andina
    (Cambridge University Press, 2024) José Castelleti Dellepiane; Bernardo Arriaza; C. Solı́s; María Rodríguez Ceja; Claudia Silva; Milagros de Ugarte; Katherine Cisternas; Katherine Vega
    Resumen Los últimos trabajos de sondeo llevados a cabo en la zona de reservas de la cultura Chinchorro en el Morro de Arica (Desierto de Atacama, costa centro-sur andina), han permitido fechar y analizar estratigráficamente los depósitos domésticos asociados espacialmente a las conocidas áreas de funebria Chinchorro de los sitios arqueológicos Morro 1, Morro 1/6, Morro 1/5 y Colón 10. El rango de fechas 14 C precerámicas obtenidas en este sondeo (7090-3715 cal aP), en comparación al rango de fechas 14 C de funebria (6453-3687 cal aP) registradas en estudios anteriores, permite hipotetizar para los espacios domésticos de este sector del Morro de Arica, un probable momento ocupacional previo al desarrollo de la momificación entre la población humana. El análisis crono-estratigráfico llevado a cabo sugiere un proceso de formación de sitios marcado por dos momentos de actividad fúnebre en asociación con la actividad doméstica vecina. Esta última se inicia más tempranamente, y todos los depósitos se encuentran intensamente intervenidos durante momentos alfareros, intermedio tardíos y tiempos recientes.
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    PALEOEPIDEMIOLOGY OF INTESTINAL PARASITES AND LICE IN PRE-COLUMBIAN SOUTH AMERICA
    (University of Tarapacá, 2011) Adauto Araújo; Karl J. Reinhard; Daniela Leles; Luciana Sianto; Alena Mayo Iñiguez; Martín H. Fugassa; Bernardo Arriaza; Nancy C. Orellana; Luiz Fernando Ferreira
    Some human parasites originated in prehominid ancestors in Africa. Nematode species, such as Enterobius vermicularis (pinworm), hookworms and Trichuris trichiura are shared by humans and other close phylogenetic primates (Pan and Gorilla), showing that they infected a common ancestor to this group. When humans migrated from Africa to other continents they carried these parasites wherever climate conditions allowed parasite transmission from host to host. Other parasites, however, were acquired throughout human biological and social evolutive history when new territories were occupied. Paleoparasitology data is a valuable source to recover emergence and disappearance of parasite infections through analysis of archaeological remains. Parasites can be used as biological markers of prehistoric human migrations. They are also indicators of diet, as parasite life cycles are related to specific kinds of food consumed by human groups in the different habitats they occupied. We review paleoparasitological findings in South America, comparing human-host and intestinal parasites with life conditions and environmental relationships through time.
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    South American mummies: culture and disease
    (Cambridge University Press, 1998) Bernardo Arriaza; Felipe Cárdenas-Arroyo; E Kleiss; John W. Verano
    Many scholars have emphasized that the preceramic Chinchorro fishers of southern Peru and northern Chile had the oldest system of artificial mummification in the world (Bittmann and Munizaga 1976; Allison et al. 1984; Arriaza 1995a). Although this is interesting, the anthropological significance of the Chinchorro society and its mummies has greater relevance.