Browsing by Autor "Bileida Pastran"

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Aislamiento de Neisseria meningitidis de líquido pericárdico en un paciente con lupus eritematoso sistémico como presentación clínica inicial de la enfermedad
(2004) Cruz N. Rodrı́guez; Beatriz Migdalia Nieves Blanco; Alfonso J. Rodríguez‐Morales; Bileida Pastran; Luis Miguel García López; Alberto Calvo; L. Gragirena; M. Gaetano; Nancy Colmenares; Pilar Meijomil
Aspectos microbiológicos de la candidiasis en neonatos
(2005) Cruz N. Rodrı́guez; Alfonso J. Rodríguez‐Morales; Alba García; Bileida Pastran; Pilar Meijomil; Ivette Jiménez; Vanessa Fonseca Ferrer
Nosocomial infections due to Candida spp. in neonates have been increasing in frequency in last year at many places, particularly in low-birth weight children, being infections that could be complicated and even lead to sepsis in the patients. Objectives: For these reasons we made out a study to determinate the epidemiological and microbiological features of infections due to Candida spp. in neonates admitted at Hospital General del Oeste, Caracas, Venezuela, during 1995-2003. Material and Methods: From all samples taken from neonates with suspicion of infections due to Candida spp. sent to the Microbiology lab, these were cultured, organisms isolated and identified by conventional methods looking for Candida spp. For the management of microbiological data we used the software WHONET 5.0 and Excel, and Epi Info v.6.0 for statistics. Results: During the study period we evaluated 60 neonates with candidiasis. Mean age was 6.1 ± 5.8 days; 82.8% were less than 10 days and corresponding 54.1% to boys and 45.9% to girls (p>0.05). The 50.0% proceded from pediatric hospitalization wards (p 0.05). Etiology of tose infections was:: 49.23% Candida albicans, 49.23% Candida spp and 1.54% Candida parapsilosis (p>0.05). Discussion: Candidiasis in neonatos is classified in: candidiasis of early beginning or maternal-fetal infections, and of delayed onset, primitives or nosocomials. Candida albicans is the predominant especies in the first one, whilst C. parapsilosis in the second one. In this study almost 50% corresponded to C. albicans , with C. parapsilosis in less than 2% of identified strains, both species are susceptibles to fluconazole, choice drug in these cases. In the same way, in this serie, UTI due to Candida was the most frequent formo f candidiasis, especially at ICU, being more frequent in younger patients.
La infección pseudocista pacreática causada por el resistente a las drogas múltiples acinetobacter baumannii
(2006) Cruz N. Rodrı́guez; Alfonso Morales; Ada Garcı́a; Bileida Pastran; Ivette Jiménez; Pilar Meijomil
Background: Pancreatic infections due to Acinetobacter baumannii, a wider drug resistant gram negative bacillus, are unusual. Its management is complicated and should include surgical and antimicrobial treatments. Methods: A case report and review of the pertinent English-language literature are presented. Results: We report a case of a patient with a previous acute pancreatitis that developed an infected pancreatic pseudocyst requiring surgical and antimicrobial treatment. Conclusions: This etiology is unique in the literature, and given the emergence of multidrug resistance pattern, worldwide, initial empiric therapy with drugs such as quinolones and carbapenems is recommended, jointly with proper surgical management
La resistencia de la Echerichia Coli a los Betalactams depende de la edad. El estudio de las presiones aisladas de grupos con edades específicas en un hospital general de Venezuela, 1997-2003
(2005) Cruz N. Rodrı́guez; Alfonso J. Rodríguez‐Morales; Alba García; Bileida Pastran; Pilar Meijomil; Ivette Jiménez
La edad ha sido identificada como un factor de riesgo independiente para la resistencia antimicrobiana de Escherichia coli. En este estudio intentamos demostrar una mayor resistencia a betalactamicos de cepas de E. coli aisladas de individuos mayores, en el periodo 1997–2003. Para este periodo, se aislaron 1947 cepas de E. coli, 22,86% correspondieron a ninos, 11,61% a adolescentes, 31,07% a adultos jovenes, 19,16% adultos mayores y 15,1% adultos ancianos. La resistencia a betalactamicos probados fue mayor en grupos de mayor edad (p<,05). La presencia de betalactamasas (bLEE) fue significativamente mayor en grupos mayors: 4,04% en ninos, 4,87% en adolescentes, 5,62% en adultos jovenes, 6,97% en adultos mayores y 8,39% en adultos ancianos; con una asociacion significativa entre edades mayores y mayores tasas de E. coli productoras de bLEE (r 2=0,98, p<,01). La edad esta relacionada con un mayor riesgo de infecciones por cepas resistentes a betalactamicos.
La susceptibilidad y resistencia antimicrobianan de las pseudomonas no aureginosas ssp; hospital general del oeste, Caracas, Venezuela (1997 - 2003)
(2006) Alfonso J. Rodríguez‐Morales; Cruz N. Rodrı́guez; Ada Garcı́a; Bileida Pastran; Ivette Jiménez; Pilar Meijomil
Objective: To investigate the antimicrobial resistance among non-fermenting gramnegative bacilli, particularly, non-aeruginosa Pseudomonas species. Significance: Surveillance of this pathogens, because the antimicrobial resistance among nonfermenting gram-negative bacilli has increased significantly in Venezuela in recent years. Study: We evaluated non-aeruginosa Pseudomonas species strains isolates collected from patients with suspected infections in a hospital of Caracas, Venezuela (West General Hospital) between 1997–2003. Study population: For the studied period, 146 clinical strains of non-aeruginosa Pseudomonas species were isolated, we consider also in this analysis related species: Burkholderia, Stenotrophomonas, Flavimonas, Sphingomonas, Ralstonia and Comamonas. Methodology: Clinical samples were processed and identified with standard cultures and biochemical tests. In vitro antimicrobial susceptibility of the isolates was assessed by an agar disk diffusion method using Mueller-Hinton agar as recommended by the National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards (NCCLS). Isolates were tested against 15 drugs: imipenem, meropenem, aztreonam, piperacillin, tobramycin, amikacin, gentamicin, ceftazidime, cefepime, netilmicin, cefoperazone, ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin, lomefloxacin, ofloxacin. Epi Info v.6.0 was used in statistical analysis. Results: From total isolated strains, 50.7% corresponded to Stenotrophomonas maltophilia, 21.2% to Burkholderia cepacia, 17.8% to P. fluorescens, 4.1% to P. putida, 1.4% to P. stutzeri, 1.4% to Flavimonas oryzihabitans, 1.4% to Sphingomonas paucimobilis, 1.4% to Ralstonia pickettii, 0.7% to P. mendocina, 0.7% to Comamonas testosteroni. S. maltophilia showed high resistance to carbapenemes (100% of resistance to imipenem and meropenem), and a considerable susceptibility to certain quinolones (63.6% of susceptibility to ciprofloxacin and 95.% to levofloxacin). B. cepacia displayed higher resistance to gentamicin (58.3%) and high susceptibility levels to carbapenems (80.0% to meropenem and 88.5% to imipenem). P. fluorescens showed high resistance to piperacillin and gentamicin (55.6% and 47.8% respectively) and high susceptibility to quinolones (72.7% for ofloxacin, 73.9% for ciprofloxacin and 80.0% to lomefloxacin). P. putida showed higher resistance for amikacin and ciprofloxacin (50%, both). Conclusions: The high rates of antimicrobial resistance among these bacterial pathogens in this hospital are important. Judicious use of antimicrobial agents can never be overemphasized. Continued surveillance of the changes of resistance patterns over time is necessary