Browsing by Autor "Bruno Coutinho"

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    An inclusive, empirically grounded inventory facilitates recognition of diverse area-based conservation of nature
    (Elsevier BV, 2024) Siyu Qin; Yifan He; Rachel Golden Kroner; Sushma Shrestha; Bruno Coutinho; Marion Karmann; Juan Carlos Ledezma; Christian Hederich Martínez; Vilisa Morón-Zambrano; Roberto Ulloa
    As the international community strives to conserve 30% of Earth’s lands and waters by 2030, the full extent of area-based conservation remains unclear. Official databases do not fully recognize and track the diversity of conservation-relevant governance systems, hindering conservation research, policy, planning, and action. Here, we describe and test an inclusive, empirically grounded approach to documenting area-based governance systems that potentially advance biodiversity conservation. Among Amazonian countries, we identify greater area coverage and diversity of conservation governance systems than official databases. We further illustrate the relevance of this approach using global examples of under-recognized conservation governance systems. Our findings highlight the need for an inclusive, empirically grounded inventory that reflects the full diversity of area-based conservation systems. We recommend researchers, governments, non-state actors, and donors to adopt similar inventories to increase feasibility, transparency, and inclusivity as a foundational component of global efforts to fulfill international commitments and create a nature-positive future.
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    The uncertain future of protected lands and waters
    (American Association for the Advancement of Science, 2019) Rachel Golden Kroner; Siyu Qin; Carly N. Cook; Roopa Krithivasan; Shalynn M. Pack; Oscar D. Bonilla; Kerry Anne Cort-Kansinally; Bruno Coutinho; Mingmin Feng; María Isabel Martínez Martínez
    Protected areas are intended to safeguard biodiversity in perpetuity, yet evidence suggests that widespread legal changes undermine protected area durability and efficacy. We documented these legal changes-protected area downgrading, downsizing, and degazettement (PADDD) events-in the United States and Amazonian countries and compiled available data globally. Governments of the United States and Amazonian countries enacted 269 and 440 PADDD events, respectively. Between 1892 and 2018, 73 countries enacted 3749 PADDD events, removing 519,857 square kilometers from protection and tempering regulations in an additional 1,659,972 square kilometers; 78% of events were enacted since 2000. Most PADDD events (62%) are associated with industrial-scale resource extraction and development, suggesting that PADDD may compromise biodiversity conservation objectives. Strategic policy responses are needed to address PADDD and sustain effective protected areas.