Browsing by Autor "C Valencia-Rivero"

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Epidemiology of Strongyloides stercoralis infection in Bolivian patients at high risk of complications
(Public Library of Science, 2019) Laurent Gétaz; Rosario Castro; Pablo Conesa‐Zamora; Marcelo Kramer; Nestor Gareca; Maria del Carmen Torrico-Espinoza; José Antonio Seijas Macías; Susana Lisarazu-Velásquez; Gloria Rodriguez; C Valencia-Rivero
<div>BackgroundStrongyloidiasis can be fatal in immunocompromised patients, but few epidemiological studies investigated the burden of this neglected tropical disease among these populations, particularly in low- and middle-income countries such as Bolivia. This study aimed to fill in this gap by estimating prevalence rate and risk factors associated with strongyloidiasis among patients at high risk of complicationsMethodsA cross-sectional study was carried out in Santa Cruz (elevation 400 meters, tropical climate) and Cochabamba (elevation 2,500 meters, temperate climate), among patients with cancer, HIV infection and rheumatic or hematologic disease, using four coproparasitological techniques and one serological (ELISA) test.ResultsIn total, 1,151 patients participated in this study, including individuals who were HIV-positive (30%) or with rheumatic (29%), oncologic (32%) or hematologic (9%) diseases. The serological and coproparasitological prevalence was 23.0% (95% confidence interval [CI], 20.7–25.5; n = 265/1151) and 7.6% (95% CI, 6.2–9.3; n = 88/1151), respectively, with an estimated actual prevalence of 20.2% (95% CI, 17.9–22.5). Positive serology and positive coproparasitology were associated with younger age and lower education levels. There was no significant difference in prevalence between Cochabamba and Santa Cruz as defined by coproparasitology (6.4% vs. 8.9%; p = 0.11) or serology (24.0% vs. 22.0%; p = 0.4). Among 64 patients in Cochabamba who had never travelled to the tropical lowlands, 5 (7.8%) had a positive coproparasitology.ConclusionsStrongyloidiasis is widely prevalent in Bolivia among vulnerable patients at increased risk of life-threatening complications. Transmission of the parasite occurs both in tropical lowlands and temperate elevation (≥ 2,500 m). Control strategies to prevent transmission and complications of this serious parasitic disease should be urgently reinforced.</div>
Rapid diagnostic testing to improve access to screening for syphilis in prison
(University of Geneva, 2018) K Montaño; A Flores; M Villarroel-Torrico; N Cossio; A Salcedo-Meneses; C Valencia-Rivero; R Castro-Soto; G Gétaz-Jiménez; Hans Wolff; H Bermúdez-Paredes
Objectives: To assess the accuracy of on-site rapid treponemal test for syphilis diagnosis in women deprived of liberty in Bolivia. Material and methods: Serological tests for syphilis were performed on 219 women deprived of liberty from the San Sebastián prison in Cochabamba, Bolivia. Syphilis was diagnosed using RPR (bioMérieux) and TPPA (Fujirebio) serological tests, and the results were compared to on-site rapid treponemal test (Alere DetermineTM Syphilis TP) in whole blood. Diagnostic performance of two FTA tests were also compared (bioMérieux and Biocientífica).
Rapid diagnostic testing to improve access to screening for syphilis in prison.
(National Institutes of Health, 2019) K Montaño; A Flores; M Villarroel-Torrico; N Cossio; A Salcedo-Meneses; C Valencia-Rivero; R Castro-Soto; G Gétaz-Jiménez; Hans Wolff; H Bermúdez-Paredes
The rapid syphilis test Determine shows excellent performance as a screening tool among women deprived of liberty affected by high prevalence of syphilis. This test is particularly indicated when there are barriers for access to conventional serological tests. It is inexpensive, easy to use and does not require electricity and laboratory infrastructure. The FTA test performed with reagents from Biocientífica had a suboptimal sensitivity.
Syphilis, human immunodeficiency virus, herpes genital and hepatitis B in a women's prison in Cochabamba, Bolivia: prevalence and risk factors
(University of Geneva, 2018) M Villarroel-Torrico; K Montaño; P Flores-Arispe; E Jeannot; A Flores-León; N Cossio; C Valencia-Rivero; A Salcedo-Meneses; M Jiménez-Velasco; R Castro-Soto
To determine the prevalence and factors associated with syphilis, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), hepatitis B (HBV) and herpes type 2 (HSV2) among women in the prison of San Sebastian in Cochabamba (Bolivia).
Syphilis, human immunodeficiency virus, herpes genital and hepatitis B in a women's prison in Cochabamba, Bolivia: prevalence and risk factors.
(National Institutes of Health, 2019) M Villarroel-Torrico; K Montaño; P Flores-Arispe; Émilien Jeannot; Amilcar Alejandro Flores Leon; N Cossio; C Valencia-Rivero; A Salcedo-Meneses; M Jiménez-Velasco; R Castro-Soto
The prevalence of syphilis, HIV, HSV2 and HBV was higher in this vulnerable female population than in the general population in Bolivia. Control measures in detention are needed to limit the spread of these infections both in prisons and in the community.