Browsing by Autor "Carlos O. Mendivil"

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8293 The Genetic Landscape of Severe Hypertriglyceridemia in a Multiracial Latino Population
(Endocrine Society, 2024) Carlos O. Mendivil; Kathalina Puerto-Baracaldo; Mateo Amaya-Montoya; Gustavo Adolfo Parra-Serrano; Diana C Prada-Robles; Sergio Serrano‐Gómez; Lilliana María Giraldo; María Carolina Fragozo-Ramos; Verónica Tangarife; Germán Camilo Giraldo
Abstract Disclosure: C.O. Mendivil: None. K. Puerto-Baracaldo: None. M. Amaya-Montoya: None. G. Parra-Serrano: None. D.C. Prada-Robles: None. S. Serrano-Gómez: None. L.M. Restrepo Giraldo: None. M.C. Fragozo-Ramos: None. V. Tangarife: None. G. Giraldo-González: None. C.A. Builes-Barrera: None. M.S. Naranjo-Vanegas: None. A. Gómez-Aldana: None. J.P. Llano: None. N. Gil-Ochoa: None. L.D. Nieves-Barreto: None. P.V. Gaete: None. M. Pérez-Mayorga: None. Background: Severe hypertriglyceridemia (sHTG) increases the risk of life-threatening acute pancreatitis and several other conditions. Primary sHTG is often due to mutations in LPL, the gene encoding lipoprotein lipase, but may also result from mutations in genes for the proteins involved in LPL folding (LMF-1), transport (GPIHBP-1), polymerization (ApoA-V) or activation (apoC-II). Rare biallelic pathogenic mutations in these genes result in Familial Chylomicronemia Syndrome (FCS), while heterozygous mutations manifest as Multifactorial Chylomicronemia Syndrome (MCS). Plasma TG in these two conditions overlap. The genetic makeup of Latin Americans is quite particular, with intermixing of genetic pools of European, Native American, and African origin. Despite this, data on the genetic basis of HTG in Latin American populations are extremely scarce. We aimed to identify the most frequent genetic variants in these “canonical” sHTG genes in patients with sHTG from Colombia, South America. Methods: We studied individuals who had plasma TG&gt;=880 mg/dL at least once in their lifetime. We extracted from them blood, plasma, and leukocyte DNA, and collected clinical information. We amplified by PCR all the exons and intron/exon boundaries of LPL, APOC2, APOA5, GPIHBP1 and LMF1, sequenced the amplicons using capillary (Sanger)-based methodology, and performed bioinformatic analyses of the sequences. For each identified variant we ascertained its location (intronic, exonic or splice site), zygosity, whether it had been described previously, described allelic frequency (when applicable), and pathogenicity classification according to American College of Medical Genetics (ACMG) criteria, which we verified manually. Results: The study included 166 participants (62% male, mean age 50, mean BMI 27.0 Kg/m2, 20.6% had diabetes), peak TG levels ranged between 900 and 11,000 mg/dL. We identified 91 individual variants in the 166 patients. Eighteen of these variants had never been reported before (three in LPL, one in APOC2, three in GPIHBP1, eight in LMF1 and three in APOA5), highlighting the importance of ethnic diversity in studies of genetic causes of human metabolic alterations. We detected a known probably pathogenic variant in LPL (c.953A&gt;G == p.Asn318Ser), a new pathogenic nonsense mutation in LMF1 (c.41C&gt;A p.Ser14*), a new probably pathogenic mutation in LMF1 (c.1527 C&gt;T == p.Pro509Pro), and a known pathogenic mutation in LMF1 (c.779G&gt;A == p.Trp260Ter). In addition, we found in this phenotypically enriched sample a large number (23) of variants of undetermined significance as of the date the study execution was finished. Conclusion: Our results reveal a wide repertoire of plausible genetic causes for sHTG in a Latin American population and unveil LMF1 as a potential major player in the etiology of sHTG in people of Latino ethnicity. Presentation: 6/1/2024
Aldosterone and the mineralocorticoid receptor in insulin resistance and diabetes
(2017) Freddy J.K. Toloza; Carlos O. Mendivil
Aldosterone is a key regulator of water and electrolyte metabolism, but recent evidence from multiple lines of research also identifies it as a major player in other chronic disorders, particularly diabetes and the metabolic syndrome. In this review, we summarize relevant aspects of aldosterone production, secretion, action, the way aldosterone and the mineralocorticoid receptor may impact energy metabolism, and useful take-home messages concerning mineralocorticoid antagonism in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. (Rev ALAD.
Antibodies against glutamic acid decarboxylase and indices of insulin resistance and insulin secretion in nondiabetic adults: a cross-sectional study
(Dove Medical Press, 2017) Carlos O. Mendivil; Freddy JK Toloza; Maria Laura Ricardo-Silgado; Martha Catalina Morales-Álvarez; José O. Mantilla-Rivas; Jairo A Pinzón-Cortés; Hernan Nicolás Lemus
Background: Autoimmunity against insulin-producing beta cells from pancreatic islets is a common phenomenon in type 1 diabetes and latent autoimmune diabetes in adults. Some reports have also related beta-cell autoimmunity to insulin resistance (IR) in type 2 diabetes. However, the extent to which autoimmunity against components of beta cells is present and relates to IR and insulin secretion in nondiabetic adults is uncertain. Aim: To explore the association between antibodies against glutamic acid decarboxylase (GADA), a major antigen from beta cells, and indices of whole-body IR and beta-cell capacity/insulin secretion in adults who do not have diabetes. Methods: We studied 81 adults of both sexes aged 30–70, without known diabetes or any autoimmune disease. Participants underwent an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) with determination of plasma glucose and insulin at 0, 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes. From these results we calculated indices of insulin resistance (homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance [HOMA-IR] and incremental area under the insulin curve [iAUCins]) and insulin secretion (corrected insulin response at 30 minutes and HOMA beta-cell%). GADAs were measured in fasting plasma using immunoenzymatic methods. Results: We found an overall prevalence of GADA positivity of 21.3%, without differences by sex and no correlation with age. GADA titers did not change monotonically across quartiles of any of the IR or insulin secretion indices studies. GADA did not correlate linearly with fasting IR expressed as HOMA-IR (Spearman’s r =−0.18, p =0.10) or postabsorptive IR expressed as iAUCins ( r =−0.15, p =0.18), but did show a trend toward a negative correlation with insulin secretory capacity expressed by the HOMA-beta cell% index ( r =−0.20, p =0.07). Hemoglobin A1c, body mass index, and waist circumference were not associated with GADA titers. Conclusion: GADA positivity is frequent and likely related to impaired beta-cell function among adults without known diabetes. Keywords: insulin resistance, autoimmunity, glutamate decarboxylase, latent autoimmune diabetes in adults, beta cell
ApoE and apoC-III-defined HDL subtypes: A descriptive study of their LCAT and CETP content and activity
(2020) Mateo Amaya-Montoya; Jairo A Pinzón-Cortés; Lina S Silva-Bermúdez; Daniel Ruiz-Manco; Maria C. Pérez-Matos; Mario A. Jiménez-Mora; Carlos O. Mendivil
<title>Abstract</title> Background High-density lipoproteins (HDL) in plasma are strongly and negatively associated with cardiovascular risk, yet interventions to raise HDL have not improved cardiovascular outcomes. HDL functionality and heterogeneity may hold the clue to this paradox. The apolipoprotein composition of HDL may be an important determinant of their functionality. Lecithin-cholesterol acyl transferase (LCAT) and cholesterol-ester transfer protein (CETP) are key enzymes for HDL-mediated reverse cholesterol transport. We assessed the distribution and activity of LCAT and CETP in HDL subspecies defined by their content of apolipoproteins E (apoE) and C-III (apoC-III) in humans. Methods We isolated in adult humans of both sexes (mean age 55.6, BMI 26.9 Kg/m2, HbA1c 5.4%), four subspecies of HDL containing respectively: No apoE and no apoC-III (E-C-), apoE but not apoC-III (E+C-), apoC-III but no apoE (E-C+) and both apoE and apoC-III (E+C+). In each HDL subspecies, we measured LCAT and CETP concentration and activity using immunoenzymatic and fluorometric methods. Additionally, we determined the size distribution of HDL in each apolipoprotein-defined fraction using non-denaturing electrophoresis and anti-ApoA-I western blot. Results Similar to previous studies, HDL in the E-C- fraction was the predominant subtype. The size distribution of HDL was very similar across all four apolipoprotein-defined fractions. LCAT was most abundant in E-C- HDL (3.58 mg/mL, 59.6 % of plasma LCAT mass), while HDL with apoE or apoC-III had much less LCAT (19.8%, 12.2% and 8.37% of plasma LCAT respectively for E+C-, E-C+ and E+C+). Despite a much lower LCAT mass, LCAT activity in E+C- HDL was comparable to that in E-C- HDL. Both CETP mass and CETP activity showed only slight variations across HDL subspecies. There was an inverse correlation between plasma LCAT activity and both E-C+ pre-beta HDL (r=-0.55, p=0.017) and E-C- alpha 1 HDL (r=-0.49, p=0.041). Conversely, there was a direct correlation between E-C+ alpha 1 HDL and CETP activity in plasma (r=0.52, p=0.025). Conclusions Our results suggest that LCAT activity in humans is influenced by the presence of small interchangeable apolipoproteins. The presence of apoE in small HDL is correlated with increased LCAT activity and esterification of plasma cholesterol.
ApoE and apoC-III-defined HDL subtypes: A descriptive study of their LCAT and CETP content and activity
(2020) Mateo Amaya-Montoya; Jairo A Pinzón-Cortés; Lina S Silva-Bermúdez; Daniel Ruiz-Manco; Maria C. Pérez-Matos; Mario A. Jiménez-Mora; Carlos O. Mendivil
<title>Abstract</title> Background High-density lipoproteins (HDL) functionality predicts cardiovascular risk better than HDL concentrations. The apolipoprotein composition of HDL may be a determinant of their function. Lecithin-cholesterol acyl transferase (LCAT) and cholesterol-ester transfer protein (CETP) are key enzymes for HDL-mediated reverse cholesterol transport. We assessed the distribution and activity of LCAT and CETP in HDL subspecies defined by their content of apolipoproteins E (apoE) and C-III (apoC-III) in humans. Methods We isolated in 18 adult humans of both sexes (mean age 55.6, BMI 26.9 Kg/m2, HbA1c 5.4%), four subspecies of HDL containing respectively: No apoE and no apoC-III (E-C-), apoE but not apoC-III (E+C-), apoC-III but no apoE (E-C+) and both apoE and apoC-III (E+C+). In each HDL subspecies, we measured LCAT and CETP concentration and activity using immunoenzymatic and fluorometric methods. Additionally, we determined the size distribution of HDL in each apolipoprotein-defined fraction using non-denaturing electrophoresis and anti-ApoA-I western blot. Results Similar to previous studies, HDL in the E-C- fraction was the predominant subtype. The size distribution of HDL was very similar across all four apolipoprotein-defined fractions. LCAT was most abundant in E-C- HDL (3.58 mg/mL, 59.6 % of plasma LCAT mass), while HDL with apoE or apoC-III had much less LCAT (19.8%, 12.2% and 8.37% of plasma LCAT respectively for E+C-, E-C+ and E+C+). LCAT mass was lower in E+C- HDL relative to E-C- HDL, but LCAT activity was similar in both fractions, signaling a greater activity-to-mass ratio associated with the presence of apoE. Both CETP mass and CETP activity showed only slight variations across HDL subspecies. There was an inverse correlation between plasma LCAT activity and both E-C+ pre-beta HDL (r=-0.55, p=0.017) and E-C- alpha 1 HDL (r=-0.49, p=0.041). Conversely, there was a direct correlation between E-C+ alpha 1 HDL and CETP activity in plasma (r=0.52, p=0.025). Conclusions Our results suggest that LCAT activity in humans is influenced by the presence of small interchangeable apolipoproteins. The presence of apoE in small HDL is correlated with increased LCAT activity and esterification of plasma cholesterol.
ApoE and apoC-III-defined HDL subtypes: A descriptive study of their lecithin cholesterol acyl transferase and cholesteryl ester transfer protein content and activity
(Research Square (United States), 2020) Mateo Amaya-Montoya; Jairo A Pinzón-Cortés; Lina S Silva-Bermúdez; Daniel Ruiz-Manco; Maria C. Pérez-Matos; Mario A. Jiménez-Mora; Carlos O. Mendivil
Abstract Background The functionality of high-density lipoproteins (HDL) is a better cardiovascular risk predictor than HDL concentrations. One of the key elements of HDL functionality is its apolipoprotein composition. Lecithin-cholesterol acyl transferase (LCAT) and cholesterol-ester transfer protein (CETP) are enzymes involved in HDL-mediated reverse cholesterol transport. This study assessed the concentration and activity of LCAT and CETP in HDL subspecies defined by their content of apolipoproteins E (apoE) and C-III (apoC-III) in humans. Methods Eighteen adults (ten women and eight men, mean age 55.6, BMI 26.9 Kg/m 2 , HbA1c 5.4%) were studied. HDL from each participant were isolated and divided into four subspecies containing respectively: No apoE and no apoC-III (E-C-), apoE but not apoC-III (E+C-), apoC-III but no apoE (E-C+) and both apoE and apoC-III (E+C+). The concentration and enzymatic activity of LCAT and CETP were measured within each HDL subspecies using immunoenzymatic and fluorometric methods. Additionally, the size distribution of HDL in each apolipoprotein-defined fraction was determined using non-denaturing electrophoresis and anti-apoA-I western blotting. Results HDL without apoE or apoC-III was the predominant HDL subtype. The size distribution of HDL was very similar in all the four apolipoprotein-defined subtypes. LCAT was most abundant in E-C- HDL (3.58 mg/mL, 59.6 % of plasma LCAT mass), while HDL with apoE or apoC-III had much less LCAT (19.8%, 12.2% and 8.37% of plasma LCAT respectively for E+C-, E-C+ and E+C+). LCAT mass was lower in E+C- HDL relative to E-C- HDL, but LCAT activity was similar in both fractions, signaling a greater activity-to-mass ratio associated with the presence of apoE. Both CETP mass and CETP activity showed only slight variations across HDL subspecies. There was an inverse correlation between plasma LCAT activity and concentrations of both E-C+ pre-beta HDL (r=-0.55, P =0.017) and E-C- alpha 1 HDL (r=-0.49, P =0.041). Conversely, there was a direct correlation between plasma CETP activity and concentrations of E-C+ alpha 1 HDL (r=0.52, P =0.025). Conclusions The presence of apoE in small HDL is correlated with increased LCAT activity and esterification of plasma cholesterol. These results favor an interpretation that LCAT and apoE interact to enhance anti-atherogenic pathways of HDL.
Comparative effectiveness of vildagliptin in combination with other oral anti-diabetes agents in usual-care conditions: the EDGE–Latin America study
(Taylor & Francis, 2014) Carlos O. Mendivil; Eduardo Márquez-Rodríguez; Iván D. Ángel; G Haro Y Paz; C. Díaz Rodríguez; Jorge Almada; Ofelia Szyskowsky
In a usual care setting, patients treated with a vildagliptin combination succeeded in lowering A1c to <7%, without weight gain, hypoglycemia or peripheral edema more often than patients treated with comparator combinations, without increased risk of adverse events. Key limitations are the observational nature of the study and its relatively limited 12 month timeframe.
COVID-19 y fisiopatología de la diabetes
(2020) D. Luján; Valentina Guatibonza-García; A. Pérez-Londoño; Carlos O. Mendivil
La COVID-19, causada por la infección con el coronavirus SARS-CoV-2, es la pandemia actual sobre la que conocemos poco desde el punto de vista biológico y patológico, y cuyo pronóstico es ensombrecido por la presencia concomitante de diabetes mellitus (DM). Motivados por esto, realizamos una búsqueda bibliográfica para analizar la información disponible acerca de la fisiopatología de esta enfermedad en personas con DM. Encontramos que las personas con DM presentan alteraciones en la quimiotaxis de neutrófilos, la producción de citocinas proinflamatorias, la fagocitosis y la activación de linfocitos T, que en conjunto disminuyen la capacidad de respuesta contra cualquier patógeno, incluido el SARS-CoV-2. A ello se suma que los productos avanzados de glicosilación alteran la afinidad y la capacidad opsonizante de los anticuerpos. En cuanto al grupo de virus con tropismo por vías respiratorias, la hiperglucemia favorece su proliferación a nivel tisular. El virus SARS-CoV-2 entra a las células gracias a la proteína S (Spike), que se utiliza como receptor de la enzima convertidora de angiotensina tipo 2 (ECA-2), una glucoproteína transmembrana que se expresa no solo en el epitelio respiratorio, sino también en el miocardio y los islotes pancreáticos. La hiperglucemia aumenta la expresión de ECA-2 en la membrana celular, lo que potencializa el riesgo de infección en el caso en que la célula entre en contacto con el virus. Además, las células de personas con DM expresan niveles aumentados de la proteasa furina, que cliva la proteína S y permite el ingreso del virus a las células. Esto facilita la diseminación de la infección y el cuadro más grave que se observa en la clínica. Existe también evidencia de expresión aumentada de ECA-2 en personas con diabetes mellitus que reciben tratamiento con inhibidores de la enzima convertidora de la angiotensina o antagonistas del receptor tipo 1 de angiotensina II. Así, en el paciente con DM, se conjugan una mayor predisposición al contagio con una inmunidad humoral y celular desregulada en una combinación destructiva que desemboca en una COVID-19 más grave y letal.
Cross-Cultural Insights into Non-Communicable Disease Perceptions: A Five-Nation Survey
(RELX Group (Netherlands), 2024) Jorge A. Rios‐Duarte; Ricardo A. Peña Silva; Carlos O. Mendivil
Diabetes and Socioeconomic Position in Urban Colombia: A Cross-Sectional Study of its Prevalence, Lifestyle Habits, and Sources of Health Information
(RELX Group (Netherlands), 2024) Sebastián Antonio Gutiérrez-Romero; Agustín Pérez-Londoño; Valentina Cuéllar-Rodríguez; Isabella Correa-Osio; Carolina Betancourt-Villamizar; Carlos O. Mendivil
Differential Efficacy of Weight Loss Interventions in Patients with Versus Without Diabetes
(Adis, Springer Healthcare, 2024) Federico Losada-Díaz; Santiago Lizarazo-Bocanegra; Juan J Perdomo-Lugo; Sebastián A Gutiérrez-Romero; Isabella Correa-Osio; Carlos O. Mendivil
Obesity is both a major risk factor for diabetes and a serious comorbidity of the condition. The twin epidemics of obesity and diabetes have spread globally over the past few decades. Treatment of obesity in patients with diabetes provides a host of clinical benefits that encompass virtually all body systems. Despite this, multiple lines of evidence suggest that the efficacy of most therapies for weight loss is significantly reduced among patients with diabetes. With this background, we summarize the evidence of a differential effect of lifestyle, pharmacological, and surgical treatments for obesity in patients with existing diabetes, and explore the potential mechanisms involved in this phenomenon. This information is then used to formulate strategies to improve weight loss outcomes for patients with diabetes.
Effect of a Nutraceutical Combination on Sleep Quality Among People with Mildly Impaired Sleep: A Randomised, Placebo-Controlled Trial
(RELX Group (Netherlands), 2023) Sebastián Antonio Gutiérrez-Romero; Erika Sofía Torres-Narvéz; Adrián Camilo Zamora-Gómez; Silvana Castillo-Castillo; Angela Liliana Latorre-Velásquez; Carolina Betancourt-Villamizar; Carlos O. Mendivil
Effect of a nutraceutical combination on sleep quality among people with mildly impaired sleep: A randomised, placebo-controlled trial
(Research Square (United States), 2023) Sebastián Antonio Gutiérrez-Romero; Erika Sofía Torres-Narváez; Adrián Camilo Zamora-Gómez; Silvana Castillo-Castillo; Angela Liliana Latorre-Velásquez; Carolina Betancourt-Villamizar; Carlos O. Mendivil
Abstract In this randomised, placebo-controlled trial, we assigned adults with a Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) > = 5 to receive a formulation containing L-theanine (from green tea – Camellia sinensis extract), lemon balm ( Melissa officinalis ) extract, valerian ( Valeriana officinalis ) extract, and saffron extract ( Crocus sativus ), or placebo, during six weeks. We enrolled and randomised 64 individuals, of whom 31 from the active group and 27 from the placebo group completed the six-week follow-up. Mean sleep efficiency remained unmodified in the active group, and increased by 3% in the placebo group, the between-group difference in the change was not statistically significant (p = 0.49). Total sleep time also improved more with placebo (13.0 vs. 1.33 minutes, p = 0.66). Time wake after sleep onset (WASO) decreased more in the active group (4.6% vs. 2.4%), but the difference was not significant (p = 0.33). Mean PSQI decreased by 3.11 points (32.3%) in the active group, and by 3.86 points (39.5%) in the placebo group (p = 0.41). SF-36 increased more with placebo (+ 18.3 in active, + 32.1 in placebo, p = 0.68). Salivary cortisol remained unchanged in both groups. No serious adverse events were reported. Among adults with mildly impaired sleep, a nutraceutical combination did not improve objective or subjective sleep parameters more than a placebo infusion.
Folistatina, resistencia a la insulina y composición corporal en adultos colombianos
(2018) Freddy J.K. Toloza; Maria Laura Ricardo-Silgado; José O. Mantilla-Rivas; M. C. Morales-Álvarez; Maria C. Pérez-Matos; Jairo A Pinzón-Cortés; Maritza Pérez-Mayorga; Carlos O. Mendivil
Introducción: La folistatina es una proteína capaz de neutralizar varias hormonas de la familia del TGF-?, tales como la activina, las proteínas morfogénicas del hueso y la miostatina. Al inactivar la activina y la folistatina reduce la secreción de FSH. La folistatina se produce además de en el ovario en muchos otros tejidos, por ello se sospecha que tiene otros efectos. En ratones, la deleción genética de la folistatina se acompaña de resistencia a la insulina (RI). Sin embargo, la asociación entre la folistatina plasmática y RI medida directamente no ha sido evaluada en humanos.Métodos: En 81 participantes entre 30 y 69 años (56% mujeres, 54% con sobrepeso, 13% con obesidad), determinamos antropometría, composición corporal, factores de riesgo cardiovascular y múltiples índices de RI: Área incremental bajo la curva de insulina, índice de sensibilidad a la insulina según Gutt, Homeostatic Model Assessment – Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR) e insulinemia en ayuno. Un subgrupo de 21 participantes se sometió además a un clamp hiperinsulinémico-euglucémico. La folistatina y la miostatina se midieron en plasma de ayuno, empleando técnicas inmunométricas.Resultados: La concentración promedio de folistatina fue 2.517±830 pg/mL, sin diferencia entre sexos (p=0,55). La folistatina tuvo una tendencia a correlación positiva con el porcentaje de masa magra (r=0,19, p=0,088) y negativa con el porcentaje de grasa corporal (r= -0,19, p=0,097). La folistatina no se correlacionó con índices de RI derivados de la PTOG pero sí con la captación corporal de glucosa en el clamp (r=0,42, p=0,031). No se halló asociación entre las concentraciones de folistatina y miostatina plasmáticas.Conclusión: Los niveles de folistatina mostraron una tendencia hacia una correlación positiva con la masa muscular y negativa con adiposidad corporal. Esto concuerda con el efecto inhibitorio de la folistatina sobre la miostatina. Aunque la folistatina no correlacionó con índices indirectos de RI, sí lo hizo con la determinación directa de sensibilidad a la insulina en el clamp hiperinsulinémico-euglucémico.
Medium-chain fatty acids affect the expression of metabolic and inflammatory genes in macrophages: mediation by PPAR β/δ
(Research Square (United States), 2023) Paula V. Gaete; Luz D Nieves-Barreto; Valentina Guatibonza-García; Mónica Losada-Barragán; Karina Vargas-Sánchez; Carlos O. Mendivil
Abstract There is great interest on medium chain fatty acids (MCFA) for cardiovascular health. We explored the effects of MCFA on the expression of lipid metabolism and inflammatory genes in macrophages, and the extent to which they were mediated by the nuclear receptor peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor beta/delta (PPARβ/δ). J774A.1 murine macrophages were exposed to octanoate or decanoate as MCFA, a long-chain fatty acid control (palmitate), or the PPAR β/δ agonist GW501516, with or without lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulation, and with or without an siRNA-induced knockdown of PPAR β/δ. MCFA increased expression of Plin2 , encoding a lipid-droplet associated protein with anti-inflammatory effects in macrophages, in a partially PPAR β/δ-dependent manner. Both MCFA stimulated expression of the cholesterol efflux pump ABCA1, more pronouncedly under LPS stimulation and in the absence of PPAR β/δ. Octanoate stimulated the expression of Pltp , encoding a phospholipid transfer protein that aids ABCA1 in cellular lipid efflux. Only palmitate increased expression of the proinflammatory genes Il6, Tnf, Nos2 and Mmp9. Non-stimulated macrophages exposed to MCFA showed less internalization of fluorescently labeled lipoproteins. MCFA influenced the transcriptional responses of macrophages favoring cholesterol efflux and a less inflammatory response compared to palmitate. These effects were partially mediated by PPAR β/δ.
Progression of Obesity and Abdominal Obesity after the COVID-19 Pandemic in Colombia: A Comparison of Two Cross-Sectional Population-Based Studies
(RELX Group (Netherlands), 2024) Valentina Cuéllar-Rodríguez; Agustín Pérez-Londoño; Valentina Guatibonza-García; Carolina Betancourt-Villamizar; Carlos O. Mendivil