Browsing by Autor "Carmen Rubio"

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    Association Between Pre-Treatment HPV Genotype and Survival in Cervical Cancer: Insights From a Prospective Cohort
    (2025) Jorge Cea García; Inmaculada Rodríguez Jiménez; Laura Ríos‐Pena; Carmen Rubio; Francisco Márquez Maraver
    <title>Abstract</title> <bold>Purpose</bold>: To assess the prevalence of human papillomavirus (HPV) genotypes in cervical cancer (CC) and evaluate their association with survival outcomes and treatment response. <bold>Methods</bold>: This was a prospective observational cohort study including 229 CC patients diagnosed between 2010 and 2019. HPV genotyping was performed using the HybriSpot24™ platform in 84 tumor samples. Patients were treated and followed in a tertiary referral hospital. Primary outcomes included overall survival (OS), disease-free survival (DFS), and treatment response. Group comparisons were conducted using Kaplan-Meier and Cox regression models. Statistical significance was set at p &lt;0.05. <bold>Results</bold>: HPV DNA was detected in 91.67% of tumors, with HPV 16 being the most prevalent genotype (30.71%). HPV-positive patients had significantly longer OS than HPV-negative patients (difference: 26.1 months; 95% CI: 16.5–35.7; p &lt;0.0001). No significant OS difference was observed between HPV 16 and HPV 18 (difference: 3.3 months; 95% CI: -7.6 to 14.1; p = 0.589). Patients with multiple HR-HPV infections had better OS (64.6 vs. 38.5 months; p = 0.047) and DFS (64.6 vs. 30.31 months; p = 0.017), particularly in early-stage disease. <bold>Conclusions</bold>: HPV positivity was associated with improved OS in CC. Multiple HR-HPV infections correlated with enhanced survival and treatment response, especially in early stages. These findings support the prognostic relevance of HPV genotyping in cervical cancer.
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    Redox-Regulated Pathways in Glioblastoma Stem-like Cells: Mechanistic Insights and Therapeutic Implications
    (Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute, 2025) Nadia F. Esteban-Román; Elisa Taddei; Edson Castro-Velázquez; Lorna Villafuentes-Vidal; Alejandra Velez-Herrera; Moisés Rubio‐Osornio; Carmen Rubio
    Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most aggressive primary brain tumor, characterized by rapid proliferation, invasiveness, therapeutic resistance, and an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. A subpopulation of glial stem-like cells (GSCs) within GBM tumors contributes significantly to tumor initiation, progression, and relapse, displaying remarkable adaptability to oxidative stress and metabolic reprogramming. Recent evidence implicates the atypical kinases RIOK1 and RIOK2 in promoting GBM growth and proliferation through their interaction with oncogenic pathways such as AKT and c-Myc. Concurrently, the redox-sensitive Nrf2/Keap1 axis regulates antioxidant defenses and supports GSC survival and chemoresistance. Additionally, aberrant activation of the canonical <i>Wnt/β</i>-catenin pathway in GSCs enhances their self-renewal, immune evasion, and resistance to standard therapies, particularly under oxidative stress conditions. This review integrates current knowledge on how redox homeostasis and key signaling pathways converge to sustain GSC maintenance and GBM malignancy. Finally, we discuss emerging redox-based therapeutic strategies designed to target GSC resilience, modulate the tumor immune microenvironment, and surmount treatment resistance.