Browsing by Autor "Christos Matsingos"

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Aplicaciones de la inteligencia artificial en la farmacología básica y clínica
(2022) Christos Matsingos; Ana María Urdaneta; Juan Camilo Hernández; Ricardo A. Peña Silva
El descubrimiento y desarrollo de fármacos es un proceso complicado y arduo que implica un gran esfuerzo interdisciplinar. A grandes rasgos, el proceso puede dividirse en dos partes: la preclínica y la clínica, que juntas pueden durar hasta 12 años y costar entre 2 y 3 billones de dólares. Debido a la compleja naturaleza de la creación de nuevos medicamentos, que implica consideraciones bioquímicas y fisicoquímicas, así como consideraciones de seguridad y eficacia clínica, el proceso de descubrimiento de fármacos se caracteriza por una alta tasa de fracasos. En la era de la información, este proceso de desarrollo suele estar asociado a la generación de grandes cantidades de datos. La inteligencia artificial ha permitido aprovechar estos datos para acelerar el proceso de descubrimiento de fármacos y evitar posibles escollos que puedan llevar al fracaso de la comercialización de un medicamento. En esta revisión analizamos los nuevos avances en inteligencia artificial y aprendizaje automático en diferentes partes del proceso de descubrimiento de fármacos, desde la síntesis química hasta la selección de candidatos para los ensayos clínicos. Se muestra que la inteligencia artificial se ha aplicado en todas las etapas del descubrimiento de fármacos y se ha utilizado en gran medida para revolucionar los métodos de investigación tradicionales. La inteligencia artificial no sólo se ha utilizado para facilitar y acelerar los procesos de descubrimiento, sino también para obtener conocimientos y detectar patrones que no se conocían antes. El uso de inteligencia artificial es indispensable para el futuro del descubrimiento de fármacos.
Journaling as an effective tool to promote metacognition and enhance study methods in a pharmacology course, during and after the pandemic
(Wiley, 2022) Ricardo A. Peña Silva; Juanita M. Velasco‐Castro; Christos Matsingos; Sandra Ximena Jaramillo-Rincón
Introduction Reflection on one's own actions is undoubtedly one of the most important lessons required throughout a career in medicine or pharmacology, due to the series of dilemmas and decisions that health professionals must face when providing care to patients or communities, teaching other professionals, or conducting biomedical research. Given the complexity of the challenge, there is surprisingly little literature on effective pedagogical strategies that enhance ongoing reflection in medical students. This self‐reflection is particularly important in the current moment where in the wake of the COVID‐19 pandemic and the social distancing it has brought, young students have seen reduced opportunities to interact with and learn from others. The practice of journaling is an effective strategy for prioritizing tasks, managing stress, reducing anxiety, and increasing productivity. The objective of this study is to evaluate the usefulness of journaling as an element that promotes better study habits and mental health in students of a medical pharmacology course. Methods Since the second semester of 2020, the pharmacology course (second year of the medical career) has included weekly journaling as part of the course activities. Each week students must choose and reflexively answer 4‐5 questions from a list of 35 items in different domains (emotional and health perception, goals and commitments, study method and habits, learning perception and teamwork). The exercise was graded according to the level of fulfillment of the task (number of items answered in a reflective and timely manner), without criticizing the content of the students' answers. At the end of the semester the students answered a short survey that evaluated their perception of the usefulness of the tool, through Likert‐type questions. Results Most of the students reported that keeping a journal was useful to improve their physical and mental health (57%), organize their homework and assignments (69%), achieve their goals (85%), reflect on their role as a person (77%) or student (88%). In addition, students also agreed that the journal was helpful in increasing their confidence (51%), developing creativity (54%), and strengthening their communication skills (54%). The students' favorite domain for personal reflections was “physical and mental health care”, with 66% of responses. More than 80% of students considered that writing about their goals and commitments, and about their study method and assignments, helped them to better organize their time. Moreover, 83% of students stated that they would like to continue with the habit of keeping a journal to organize their academic activities. Conclusions Students positively valued the journals as a planning tool in their academic tasks. Importantly, students also positively evaluated the value of journaling as a useful tool for maintaining better physical and mental health. This is an important achievement given the emotional stress, anxiety and burn out that many medical students deal with, especially in times of the pandemic. Journaling is a cost‐effective and easily implementable method in different STEM areas to promote metacognition and mental health in students.
Monitoring metacognition and well-being in a medical pharmacology course: the role of information technologies
(American Society for Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, 2023) Ricardo Pena Silva; Juanita Velasco Castro; Christos Matsingos; Sandra Jaramillo Rincon