Browsing by Autor "Claudia Leal"

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Afro-Latinoamérica, 1800-2000
(2008) Claudia Leal
Before Biodiversity: Trajectories of National Parks in Latin America (1930s–1980s)
(Cambridge University Press, 2024) Frederico Freitas; Claudia Leal; Emily Wakild
Abstract Almost a century ago, long before biodiversity expressed a scientific value for nature, Latin American countries began establishing national parks. Today, they represent over 6 percent of Latin America’s landmass. By considering national park creation across a broad regional span and six crucial decades, this article explains a mode of state formation focused on caring for nature instead of just exploiting it. It examines how national parks expanded in the region by identifying three consequent trajectories: the use of these conservation units for frontier development in Argentina and as part of a broader project seeking social justice in Mexico; the formation of more haphazard park initiatives in various countries, taking Brazil and Chile as main examples; and the development of ecologically coherent park systems through the cases of Peru and Colombia. The article also addresses the role of science (especially forestry) and international cooperation in shaping national parks. In this manner, it uncovers the paths that faded from view after the idea that parks intend to protect biodiversity took hold and illustrates a rarely acknowledged aspect of state expansion.
Black and Green: Afro-Colombians, Development, and Nature in the Pacific Lowlands. By Kiran Asher (Durham and London: Duke University Press, 2009. xv plus 247 pp. $22.95)
(Oxford University Press, 2011) Claudia Leal
Journal Article Black and Green: Afro-Colombians, Development, and Nature in the Pacific Lowlands. By Kiran Asher (Durham and London: Duke University Press, 2009. xv plus 247 pp. $22.95) Get access Claudia Leal Claudia Leal Universidad de los Andes, Bogotá Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Journal of Social History, Volume 44, Issue 4, Summer 2011, Pages 1250–1252, https://doi.org/10.1353/jsh.2011.0063 Published: 01 July 2011
Boyer, Christopher R. (Ed.) A Land Between Waters. Environmental Histories of Modern Mexico (Tucson: The University of Arizona Press, 2012), 328 p.
(LA Referencia, 2014) Claudia Leal
Caminos Peregrinos para una Historia Colorida, Ruidosa y Olorosa
(2024) Claudia Leal
Los animales aparecen de manera cada vez más frecuente en los estudios sobre historia latinoamericana y caribeña. Este artículo distingue tres caminos que han permitido reconocer su relevancia histórica: (1) abordar temas –como la ganadería– en los que estos son aparentemente ineludibles, (2) reconocer su participación al tratar otros temas –como la colonización– en los que suelen estar presentes de una manera u otra y (3) realizar investigaciones en las que los animales se convierten en el principal objeto de pesquisa. Al presentar un panorama general de esta tendencia, el artículo reflexiona sobre por qué los animales han sido ignorados y explica que tomarlos realmente en serio implica escudriñar cómo se transforman al entremezclarse con realidades humanas, así como reconocer las formas en las que han contribuido a hacer historia. Este estado del arte concluye identificando los aportes de esta forma de hacer historia y sugiriendo caminos para el futuro.
Comunidades negras en el Pacífico colombiano: Innovaciones y dinámicas étnicas
(Duke University Press, 2009) Claudia Leal
Of the studies that grew out of the 1990s redefinition of Latin American nations as multicultural, most focus on the struggles of indigenous groups and the extension of their rights. Odile Hoffmann’s insightful book centers on black people, bringing together the literature on multiculturalism with that on blackness and race relations. Colombia’s 1991 constitution and the legislation that followed stands out in the Latin American context for conceiving black rural people of the Pacific coast as an ethnic group who should receive communal titles to the land. This legal recognition produced an unprecedented wave of political mobilization around the consolidation of this new identity and the formation of communal territories. Many researchers followed this process. Although in the last 15 years they have produced numerous articles, only recently have they begun to publish monographs based on their experiences. Hoffmann’s is one of several much-awaited books that have appeared in the last two years or are currently in press (Bettina Ng’weno 2007, Arturo Escobar 2008, Ulrich Oslender 2008, and Kiran Asher 2009).The book centers on the region of Tumaco, on the southern Pacific coast of Colombia, and explores the complex relationship between territory and identity. It claims that the legal model that equates them provides a way to self-empowerment for blacks subject to discrimination, but it does so by misinterpreting their society and limiting the ways this kind of relationship can be established. The author builds her argument around two main contributions. First, she examines the history and forms of organization of a community on one of the rivers of the area. Based on ethnographic work, she concludes that it is a mistake to assume, as does the recent Colombian legislation, that black rural people have clear communal institutions as do indigenous groups. Instead, political power has been scattered, people move in and out of the communities, and there is no centralized way of distributing territorial rights. Thus, the establishment of communal councils creates a new form of political organization and of regulating space rather than simply recognizing an ancestral one.Hoffmann’s second main contribution stems from her study of the application process for communal titles in the Mira River, an area with large oil palm plantations. The author analyzes the difficulties and contradictions in the creation of communal property rights and in the process of political organizing where capital has a strong presence. The loss of land to agribusiness, the subsequent dependence on the jobs the firms offer, and the contrasting realities this situation creates in relation to the ideal territorial model expressed in the law all complicate the process needed to guarantee communal property rights. She also mentions that the intensification of the armed conflict, coca plantings, and the drug trade have further hindered these developments. However, many of the latter problems escalated after she finished her fieldwork, so they do not figure prominently in the book.This work ends by relating the new forms of political mobilization with the political history of the region since the 1950s, as well as by exploring how an urban ethnic or racial identity relates to the rural ethnic identity promoted by the law.Hoffmann’s work is perhaps the best single contribution so far on black identity and its relation to the way space has been conceived and managed in this region. Her two case studies bring much-needed detail to discussions on this topic. As a geographer, she captures elements that have escaped the attention of scholars from other disciplines. Besides drawing very useful maps and combining various scales of analysis to build a complex picture, she includes relevant discussions about space, such as the way residents of the city of Tumaco use places differently according to race, and the implications of map making in the process of communal titling.The book moves between diverse places, scales, and topics, creating a mosaic that shows many sides of a multifaceted reality. But this strategy has its costs. While reading the book’s 11 chapters, which are organized in four sections, I sometimes had a hard time fitting all the parts into one big picture. By trying to cover so much terrain, the author shortchanges a number of the interesting topics that she raises. Also, bringing her ethnographic work to life by giving voice to the people whose experiences she shared would have greatly enriched this book. Unfortunately, inadequate copyediting left the publication with numerous typographical and writing mistakes. This is, nonetheless, a major work that will be widely consulted for years to come.
CONFLICTS OVER MINES AND VEGETABLE IVORY: NATURAL RESOURCES AND TERRITORIAL PROPERTY RIGHTS IN THE PACIFIC LOWLANDS OF COLOMBIA, 1870-1930
(2008) Claudia Leal
Contentious Republicans, Popular Politics, Race, and Class in Nineteenth‐Century Colombia ‐ by J. Sanders
(Wiley, 2007) Claudia Leal
Disputas por tagua y minas: recursos naturales y propiedad territorial en el Pacífico colombiano, 1870-1930
(Colombian Institute of Anthropology and History, 2008) Claudia Leal
En el Pacífico colombiano no hubo fuertes disputas por la tierra en las últimas décadas del siglo diecinueve y las primeras del veinte, como sucedió en otras partes de Colombia, pero sí hubo conflictos territoriales. Estos estuvieron centrados en el acceso a recursos naturales considerados valiosos: semillas de palma de tagua, oro y platino. Al estudiar estos conflictos este artículo ayuda a comprender por qué la mayoría de la región mantuvo su carácter de baldío de la nación en momentos en que se aceleró la titulación de tierra en otras partes del país. Así, contribuye a entender la particular historia del Pacífico colombiano, que generó las condiciones que favorecieron la titulación colectiva a comunidades negras que estipula la Constitución política de 1991.
Introduction to Colombia
(Taylor & Francis, 2003) Claudia Leal; Daniel Bonilla; Catherine Legrand
La aceptación de la teoría marginalista: sus raíces en la ideología moderna
(LA Referencia, 1995) Claudia Leal
Las últimas décadas del siglo pasado fueron bastantes agitadas para la historia de la teoría económica. En Inglaterra, centro del universo económico, la teoría clásica cumplía cien años de dominio y ya se le veían sus achaques, aunque éstos no predecían su muerte. Recibía numerosas críticas, muchas inspiradas en el clima romántico de aquellos días. Se culpaba a la economía política de ser inhumana, fría y calculadora, pero la joven ciencia hacía caso omiso de las habladurías y las tildaba de sentimentalistas y carentes de fundamento. También se criticaba su tendencia a elaborar análisis cada vez más abstractos, a imitación de las ciencias naturales y exactas, reflejada en el predominio de la teoría ricardiana, cuyo método hace énfasis en la consistencia lógica de la teoría y la separa de su contenido histórico, sociológico y moral.
Maps
(2020) Claudia Leal
Porous Conservation: The Complex History of Residents in National Parks in Latin America
(Taylor & Francis, 2025) Emily Wakild; Frederico Freitas; Claudia Leal
Primera Escuela de Posgrados, Sociedad Latinoamericana y Caribeña de Historia Ambiental Bogotá, 3-7 de junio de 2013
(LA Referencia, 2013) Claudia Leal; Stefania Gallini; Andrés Guhl; Shawn Van Ausdal
Produção de palmito de Euterpe oleacea Mart.(Arecaceae) no litoral Pacífico Colombiano
(District University of Bogotá, 2011) Martha Isabel Vallejo; Natalia Valderrama; Rodrigo Bernal; Gloria Galeano; Gerardo Arteaga; Claudia Leal
PRODUCCIÓN DE PALMITO DE Euterpe oleracea Mart. (ARECACEAE) EN LA COSTA PACÍFICA COLOMBIANA: ESTADO ACTUAL Y PERSPECTIVAS
(District University of Bogotá, 2011) Martha Isabel Vallejo; Natalia Valderrama; Rodrigo Bernal; Gloria Galeano; Gerardo Arteaga; Claudia Leal
La revista Colombia Forestal publica manuscritos originales en temáticas del campo forestal y diversos aspectos de los recursos naturales y del medio ambiente, los cuales se discriminan en las categorías de artículo de investigación, de revisión, de reflexión y notas técnicas de acuerdo con lo estipulado por COLCIENCIAS para las publicaciones científicas. De acuerdo a la clasificación de áreas científicas de la Organización para la Cooperación y el Desarrollo Económico (OCDE), la revista Colombia Forestal pertenece al gran área de Ciencias Agrícolas(4), área de Agricultura, Silvicultura y Pesca(4A) y a la disciplina Forestal (4A02).
Sharika D. Crawford. The Last Turtlemen of the Caribbean.
(National University of Colombia, 2021) Claudia Leal
La gran mayoría de los colombianos vive entre paisajes andinos y pisando siempre tierra firme. Los intelectuales de “la” costa (así conocida, aunque no tenemos una sino dos) llevan décadas insistiendo en que el país no es solo andino sino también caribeño. Nos han recordado que, para aprehender cabalmente nuestro territorio y reconocer quiénes somos, debemos tener en cuenta las complejas redes que desde el siglo xvi le han dado forma al Gran Caribe insular y continental. Para quienes, como yo, estamos alejados del mar en cuerpo y espíritu (por hermoso que nos parezca), el libro The Last Turtlemen de Sharika Crawford nos sumerge en el territorio acuático del Caribe y nos permite pensar a Colombia desde una perspectiva inusual: de la mano de los cazadores de tortugas oriundos de las Islas Caimán.
Tenacious: An Alternative History of Dogs
(2025) Claudia Leal
Across the world, most dogs have always been mongrels or street dogs, yet historians have focused on breeds and pets. This article examines those other ubiquitous and tenacious but neglected dogs to propose an alternative and complementary history. It does so by looking at Latin America and Colombia in three moments: the formation of these dogs as a result of colonialism; the limits to how and ways in which dogs gained distinction before fancy breeds came into the picture; and mongrels’ persistence, as well as attempts to vindicate them, once the pet revolution took hold of this region in the second half of the twentieth century. This story, which spans over 500 years, shows what it is like to do history from the periphery and what is gained from this.
The Colombia Reader: History, Culture, Politics
(Duke University Press, 2018) Claudia Leal
Book Review| August 01 2018 The Colombia Reader: History, Culture, Politics The Colombia Reader: History, Culture, Politics. Edited by Farnsworth-Alvear, Ann, Palacios, Marco, and Gómez López, Ana María. Latin America Readers. Durham, NC: Duke University Press, 2017. Photographs. Plates. Maps. Figures. Notes. Index. xiv, 634 pp. Paper, $29.95. Claudia Leal Claudia Leal Universidad de los Andes Search for other works by this author on: This Site Google Hispanic American Historical Review (2018) 98 (3): 505–506. https://doi.org/10.1215/00182168-6933589 Cite Icon Cite Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter Email Permissions Search Site Citation Claudia Leal; The Colombia Reader: History, Culture, Politics. Hispanic American Historical Review 1 August 2018; 98 (3): 505–506. doi: https://doi.org/10.1215/00182168-6933589 Download citation file: Zotero Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search nav search search input Search input auto suggest search filter Books & JournalsAll JournalsHispanic American Historical Review Search Advanced Search To convey the rich and surprising kaleidoscope of Colombian history, culture, and politics offered in this monumental work is no easy endeavor. The Colombia Reader includes 7 sections, over 600 pages, 101 entries, 53 photographs, 37 works of art and historical documents (8 of them in color on glossy paper), and a list of suggested readings. It took me quite some time to read. I felt as if I faced an endless tasting menu that I savored slowly and could only digest so much at a time. The words and images were often distressing and sometimes funny but always revealing. Colombianists have anxiously awaited this work for years, and the result has exceeded all expectations.As one might imagine, violence has a special section of its own, but it also sprouts throughout the book. The editors highlighted other fundamental topics such as... Copyright © 2018 by Duke University Press2018 Issue Section: Longue Durée You do not currently have access to this content.