Browsing by Autor "Colin Crawford"

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(El Liberalismo Neoclásico, el Libre Mercado y Sus Críticos) Neoliberalism, the Free Market, and Their Critics
(2010) Carmen G. González; Colin Crawford; Daniel Bonilla
The articles collected in this volume critically examine the hegemony of market fundamentalism in law, politics, and social theory. They question the underlying premises of market fundamentalism as well as the social, economic, cultural and environmental consequences of policies inspired by this ideology. The authors represent several disciplines (law, economics, anthropology) and various countries (Argentina, Brazil, Colombia, Mexico, the United States, and Venezuela). The topics covered include free trade agreements, Argentina's financial crisis, deregulation in Brazil, the judicial enforcement of economic and social rights, climate change, and the impact of trade liberalization on violence against women. The articles were originally published in English in 5 Seattle Journal for Social Justice (2007) with a foreword by economist Ha-Joon Chang of Cambridge University in the United Kingdom, and are available for the first time in Spanish in this volume. The revised and expanded introduction to the articles situates market fundamentalism (or neoliberalism) within the broader philosophical debates over the meaning of liberalism. The introduction highlights the differences among several varieties of liberalism (including libertarian, egalitarian, and multicultural strands of liberalism), and describes the rise of neoliberal economic thought from the 1970s until the present. The authors argue that the richness of liberal political theory has been obscured by the dominance of neoliberalism in both public and scholarly debate and that market fundamentalism has impoverished the analytical tools available to analyze and evaluate contemporary social reality. Indeed, the hegemony of neoliberalism in both theory and practice has de-politicized public debate over the distribution of scarce resources, has circumscribed the role of the state in the economy, has undermined social solidarity, and has increased economic inequality. While recognizing that market fundamentalism is certainly not the only cause of current economic problems, the introduction notes that the neoliberal economic model nonetheless appears to be among the cruelest and most indifferent to the plight of society’s most vulnerable members.
Introducción - El acceso a la justicia: teoría y práctica desde una perspectiva comparada (Introduction - Access to Justice: Theory and Practice From A Comparative Perspective)
(2019) Daniel Bonilla; Colin Crawford
Spanish Abstract: Este libro tiene dos objetivos principales, como lo hemos indicado en las paginas anteriores. El primer objetivo es intentar examinar de manera critica los fundamentos teoricos del derecho de acceso a la justicia. Este derecho ha sido estudiado ampliamente desde una perspectiva constitucional y empirica. Sin embargo, teniendo en cuenta la relevancia que tiene el acceso a la justicia para todas las democracias liberales, es paradojico lo poco que se ha escrito sobre los fundamentos teoricos de este derecho. Si queremos explorar el significado, la relevancia politica y los niveles de eficacia del derecho de acceso a la justicia —cuestiones que, sin duda, deben ser consideradas acuciantes en todo el mundo— hay que examinar entonces los elementos teoricos que lo constituyen. Para describir la relevancia fundamental que tiene el acceso a la justicia en las comunidades politicas contemporaneas, y hallar posibles soluciones a su falta de cumplimiento efectivo, tenemos que comprender la funcion que tiene este derecho en la imaginacion liberal moderna. Para cumplir con este fin, debemos examinar el lugar que este derecho ocupa en una de las formas paradigmaticas de fundamentar las democracias liberales modernas: la teoria del contrato social. Es asi que los tres capitulos que componen la primera parte de este libro examinan de manera critica los fuertes vinculos y tensiones entre el derecho de acceso a la justicia y las versiones que ofrecen Hobbes y Locke del contractualismo. El segundo objetivo de este libro es examinar ejemplos concretos, actuales, de una realidad caracterizada por un persistente acceso desigual a la justicia que es causado por razones epistemologicas, socioeconomicas y del mercado de servicios juridicos. Es por ello que los capitulos de la segunda parte hacen explicita la relevancia que hoy tiene el acceso a la justicia para las democracias liberales y las desigualdades epistemologicas, socieconomicas y de mercado que dificultan su concrecion. Los capitulos que constituyen esta parte del libro muestran las formas en las que el derecho es politica y juridicamente relevante para America Latina, Estados Unidos y Europa, como la teoria del contrato social argumenta que deberia ser. Los analisis historicos, empiricos, sociologicos y comparativos que ofrecen estos capitulos contribuyen a comprender la forma en que funciona la estructura conceptual de las democracias liberales. English Abstract: This book has two principal aims: first, it intends to explore critically the theoretical foundations of the right to access to justice. This right has been widely examined from a constitutional and an empirical perspective. However, paradoxically, given the relevance that access to justice has for all liberal democracies, there are few publications that explore the theoretical foundations of this right. If we want to explore the meaning, political relevance, and levels of efficacy of the right to access to justice, issues that surely must be deemed compelling throughout the world, surely we must then examine the theoretical elements that constitute it. In order to describe the central role of access to justice in contemporary polities and find possible solutions for its lack of realization, we have to understand the role that this right plays in the modern liberal imagination. To do so, we must examine the place that this right occupies in one of the paradigmatic ways of founding modern liberal democracies, namely social contract theory. The three articles that constitute the first part of this special issue, therefore, examine critically the strong links and tensions between the right to access to justice and Hobbes’s and Locke’s versions of contractualism. The second purpose of this book is to explore concrete, current examples of the reality of persistent, unequal justice access in epistemological, socioeconomic and legal market terms. As such, the articles in the second part of the book make explicit both the relevance that access to justice actually has for liberal democracies and the epistemological, socioeconomic and market inequalities that hamper its realization. The papers that constitute this section of book aim to show the ways in which the right is politically and legally relevant for Latin America, the United States and Europe, as social contract theory argues that it should be.