Browsing by Autor "Cristian Roca"

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Antimicrobial Resistance in Hospital-acquired Bloodstream Infections among Children in a Pediatric Hospital in Bolivia
(Medknow, 2025) Diana Rodríguez; Shirley Equilia; Cristian Roca; Erica Ludi; Graciela Espada; Z Garcia; Blanca Machuca; Taryn Clark; Robert H. Gilman
In the present study, we report that isolated bacteria showed significant resistance to multiple drugs, and most demonstrated increased resistance over time. Worryingly, <i>K</i>. <i>pneumoniae</i> showed an increasing resistance to commonly used antibiotics. Overall, despite the limitations, our study, which is one of the first of its kind in Bolivia, demonstrates the need for stricter policies of antibiotic stewardship in similar settings due to the global threat of AMR.
Depression in medical students: an approach to Brazilian student’s depression in Bolivia
(Routledge, 2020) Estrella Flores; Evelyn Alanoca; Selma Olivera; Sun Ah Chung; Stephanie Moscoso; Cristian Roca
Depressive disorder affects millions of people each year, particularly to medical students. Several universities (medical schools) in Bolivia contain many Brazilian students. However, depression disorders in those students had been poorly reported. We aim to describe depressive symptoms in medical students in Bolivia and compare those symptoms between Brazilian and domestic students. To achieve that result, we conducted a cross-sectional study using the Beck Depression Inventory and demographic questions through an online survey. This survey was prepared in Google forms and distributed to medical students of the principal universities in the region, through their professors. Five hundred and nine students voluntarily participated in the study where we found that 107 participants (21.02%) have depressive symptoms. Younger medical students had higher scores in the Beck Depression Inventory (p = 0.02), and Brazilian medical students in Bolivia had lower scores than locals (p = 0.02). Finally, there were no statistical differences between depression throughout the academic year in medical school (p = 0.07). This is the first report of depression in foreign students in Bolivia. We demonstrated that approximately one-fifth of medical students in Santa Cruz, Bolivia have depressive symptoms. However, foreign students have less of these symptoms than local students.
IgG Subclasses and Congenital Transmission of Chagas Disease
(American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, 2021) Cristian Roca; Edith S. Málaga-Machaca; Manuela Verástegui; Billy Scola; Edward Valencia Ayala; María del Carmen Menduiña; Sassan Noazin; Natalie M. Bowman; Freddy Tinajeros; Robert H. Gilman
The mechanism of vertical transmission of Trypanosoma cruzi is poorly understood. In this study, we evaluated the role of IgG subclasses in the congenital transmission of Chagas disease. We conducted a case-control study in a public maternity hospital in Santa Cruz, Bolivia, enrolling women at delivery. Thirty women who transmitted T. cruzi to their newborns (cases), and 51 women who did not (controls) were randomly selected from 676 total seropositive women. Trypanosoma cruzi-specific IgG1, IgG2, and IgG3 levels were measured by in-house ELISA. The IgG4 levels were unmeasurable as a result of low levels in all participants. Quantitative polymerase chain reaction results and demographic factors were also analyzed. One-unit increases in normalized absorbance ratio of IgG1 or IgG2 levels increased the odds of congenital T. cruzi transmission in Chagas-seropositive women by 2.0 (95% CI: 1.1-3.6) and 2.27 (95% CI: 0.9-5.7), adjusted for age and previous blood transfusion. Odds of congenital transmission were 7.0 times higher in parasitemic mothers (95% CI: 2.3-21.3, P < 0.01) compared with nonparasitemic mothers. We observed that all mothers with IgG1 ≥ 4 were transmitters (sensitivity = 20%, specificity = 100%). Additionally, no mothers with IgG2 < 1.13 were transmitters (sensitivity = 100%, specificity = 21.6%). We demonstrated that IgG subclasses and parasite presence in blood are associated with vertical transmission of T. cruzi and could identify women at increased risk for congenital transmission by measuring IgG subclasses. These measures have potential as objective screening tests to predict the congenital transmission of Chagas.
PP007 [Infections » Covid-19 / Sars-CoV-2]: A NOBEL SCORE TO PREDICT PEDIATRIC COVID-19 SEVERITY IN LOW AND MIDDLE INCOME COUNTRIES
(Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2022) Cristian Roca; Raúl Copana Olmos; A. Asturizaga; N. Villca; Ramiro Cabrera; V. Aguilera Avendaño; C. Estrada Villarroel; M. Forest Yepez; M. Torrez Santos; A. Magne Calle
Roca, C.; Copana Olmos, R.; Asturizaga, A.; Villca, N.; Cabrera, R.; Aguilera Avendaño, V.; Estrada Villarroel, C.; Forest Yepez, M.; Torrez Santos, M.; Magne Calle, A.; Foronda Rios, M.; Torrez, D.; Toco, M.; Cespedes, M.; Davalos, I.; Bowman, N. Author Information
Relationship between sociodemographic, clinical, and laboratory characteristics and severity of COVID-19 in pediatric patients
(Public Library of Science, 2024) Cristian Roca; Adriana Asturizaga; Nelson Villca; Ramiro Cabrera; Raúl Copana-Olmos; Vladimir Aguilera-Avendaño; Claudia Estrada-Villarroel; Mariel Andrea Forest-Yepez; Marcia Torrez-Santos; Adela Felipa Magne-Calle
COVID-19 affects children less seriously than adults; however, severe cases and deaths are documented. This study objective is to determine socio-demographic, clinical and laboratory indicators associated with severe pediatric COVID-19 and mortality at hospital entrance. A multicenter, retrospective, cross-sectional study was performed in 13 tertiary hospitals in Bolivia. Clinical records were collected retrospectively from patients less than 18 years of age and positive for SARS-CoV-2 infection. All variables were measured at hospital entrance; outcomes of interest were ICU admission and death. A score for disease severity was developed using a logistic regression model. 209 patients were included in the analysis. By the end of the study, 43 (20.6%) of children were admitted to the Intensive care unit (ICU), and 17 (8.1%) died. Five indicators were independently predictive of COVID-19 severity: age below 10 years OR: 3.3 (CI95%: 1.1–10.4), days with symptoms to medical care OR: 2.8 (CI95%: 1.2–6.5), breathing difficulty OR: 3.4 (CI95%: 1.4–8.2), vomiting OR: 3.3 (CI95%: 1.4–7.4), cutaneous lesions OR: 5.6 (CI95%: 1.9–16.6). Presence of three or more of these risk factors at hospital entrance predicted severe disease in COVID-19 positive children. Age, presence of underlying illness, male sex, breathing difficulty, and dehydration were predictive of death in COVID-19 children. Our study identifies several predictors of severe pediatric COVID-19 and death. Incorporating these predictors, we developed a tool that clinicians can use to identify children at high risk of severe COVID-19 in limited-resource settings.
Serie de casos: intervención de la fisioterapia en alteraciones endocrinas y disfunciones orgánicas mediante magnetoterapia
(Cayetano Heredia University, 2022) Jorge Mendoza; Stephanie Moscoso; Samantha Silveira; Lorena Paniagua; Jean Chaparro; Sun Ah Chung; Cristian Roca
La Fisioterapia, mediante la terapia magnética (magnetoterapia), tiene la capacidad de intervenir en el funcionamiento endocrino y disfunciones orgánicas, por este motivo, se considera a esta técnica como una potencial herramienta para generar y evidenciar resultados en tratamientos de alteraciones endocrinas y organicas, El presente estudio analiza 4 casos donde se utilizó la magnetoterapia como alternativa de elección para quistes de origen hormonal y otras alteraciones organicas, Se evidencia que el diagn6stico fisioterapeutico ha sido diferente del diagn6stico médico, sin embargo, el uso de la magnetoterapia ha resultado en cambios positivos en las alteraciones evidenciadas en los pacientes, En conclusi6n, la magnetoterapia tiene potencial como terapia alternativa para el tratamiento de alteraciones endocrinas y disfunciones orgánicas.