Browsing by Autor "Daniel Bonilla Maldonado"

Now showing 1 - 17 of 17

Cambridge Studies in International and Comparative Law
(2021) Daniel Bonilla Maldonado
A summary is not available for this content so a preview has been provided. Please use the Get access link above for information on how to access this content.
Comparative Instrumental Studies
(Cambridge University Press, 2021) Daniel Bonilla Maldonado
In the second chapter of the book I explore the first moment of the genealogy of modern comparative law. This first moment, instrumental comparative studies, is where modern comparative law emerges. In this stage, comparative law is not interpreted as an autonomous discipline within the law. Rather, comparative studies are an instrument for the advance of other disciplines or of other areas of law. In this section of the book, more precisely, I focus on the analysis of Montesquieu's work. This author is particularly important given that the specialized literature recognizes him as the father of modern comparative law. Montesquieu has been interpreted by this literature as the person who uses the comparative method paradigmatically in this first moment of the discipline; his work has come to represent emblematic forms of the use of this method; some of his conclusions have become part of the canon of modern law and politics. In The Spirit of the Laws, Montesquieu uses empirical information on the law and politics of European and non-European countries to justify his theses on the relationship between natural law and positive law and on the links between positive law and the geographic and psychological characteristics of peoples, as well as to promote a normative political agenda: a legally limited monarchy for his political community. In the process, Montesquieu constructs subjectivities that are central in the creation of modern law: the European and the Asian. In addition, Montesquieu constructs an imagined space that these two types of subjects inhabit: Europe and Asia. Finally, Montesquieu imagines legal and political time in a dual manner: inertially static and dynamic in potency
Comparative Law as an Autonomous Discipline
(Cambridge University Press, 2021) Daniel Bonilla Maldonado
In the fourth chapter of the book I examine the third and last moment of the genealogy of modern comparative law: comparative law as an autonomous discipline. The mythical moment in which the discipline emerges is the First International Comparative Law Conference organized in Paris in 1900. This conference established the discipline's general objectives - on one hand, the unification and harmonization of legal systems. This purpose, animated by the cosmopolitan spirit of its promoters, emphasized the similarities that the legal orders of the world have and evaluated the idea of unity of law positively. On the other hand, the creation of taxonomies that allow for ordering, describing, and understanding the complexities of the legal world. The paradigmatic product generated by the realization of this objective was the concept of legal families. This idea constitutes one of the axes of twentieth-century comparative law and remains relevant in the happenings of the twenty-first century. The concept of legal families is articulated and developed paradigmatically in the work of René David, in France, and K. Zweigert and H. Kötz, in Germany. In this chapter, I examine the types of subject, geographies, and ideas of legal history created by the legal families narrative constructed by these paradigmatic authors.
Comparative Legislative Studies
(Cambridge University Press, 2021) Daniel Bonilla Maldonado
The third chapter of the book analyzes the second moment in this genealogy of modern comparative law: comparative legislative studies. This second lapse in the construction of comparative law has its primary development in the nineteenth century. In this chapter, in particular, I examine Henry Summer Maine's work. The specialized literature recognizes him as another of the founding fathers of the discipline. The analysis of Maine's work revolves around three axes. In the first, the most important, I examine the concept of evolution as progress that the author is committed to. The historical method and the comparative method are the instruments that, for Maine, allow for describing and examining the legal and political evolution of humanity. For Maine, Europe is the locus of progress while India, as a paradigmatic representation of the Orient and of an undifferentiated "rest of the world," is the locus of barbarianism. The line that contains history is also occupied by a dual conceptual geography: on one hand, modern Indo-Europe and barbarian Indo-Europe, on the other, modern and barbarian Indo-Europe (that have a common culture) and the rest of the uncivilized world. In the narrative that Maine constructs, this spatial and temporal axis is also inhabited by particular subjectivities: the modern European, the Indian (as a representative of the oriental) and the individual from the savage rest of the world.
DERECHO INTERNACIONAL, DIVERSIDAD CULTURAL Y RESISTENCIA SOCIAL EL CASO DE LA LEY GENERAL FORESTAL EN COLOMBIA
(2015) Daniel Bonilla Maldonado
El derecho internacional ha sido reiteradamente cuestionado por su carácter excluyente y sus usos imperiales. Estas críticas describen de manera precisa muchas de sus estructuras y dinámicas. Sin embargo, el derecho internacional puede ser un instrumento útil para proteger los intereses legítimos de los Estados del Sur Global, en general, y de los distintos grupos sociales y culturales que los componen, en particular. El uso estratégico de sus normas y procedimientos pueden contribuir eficientemente a alcanzar estos objetivos. No obstante, para entender el potencial emancipador o de resistencia social que tiene el derecho internacional es necesario complementar las discusiones y críticas teóricas con el examen de las formas concretas a través de las cuales el Sur Global hace uso del derecho internacional para resistir o transformar su realidad social. El artículo, siguiendo esta línea de argumentación, explora la manera como el derecho internacional puede ser usado como una herramienta para proteger los intereses de algunos de los grupos mas vulnerables del Sur Global: las comunidades indígenas y negras culturalmente diversas. Este análisis se hace a partir de un estudio de caso. El artículo examina el proceso que se inicia con la presentación de la acción publica de inconstitucionalidad que se presentó ante la Corte Constitucional colombiana en contra de la Ley General Forestal y que termina con la sentencia C-075 de 2008 que declaró su inconstitucionalidad. El análisis de este proceso se divide en dos partes: en la primera parte se examina la manera como el derecho internacional y el derecho nacional se entretejieron para la protección de los derechos de las minorías culturales colombianas. En la segunda parte, se presentan las razones jurídicas y políticas que explican porqué en Colombia, así como en otros países del Sur Global, el derecho internacional ambiental y el derecho internacional de las minorías culturales pueden ser (y son) usados eficientemente en las Cortes nacionales.Este artículo de investigación hace parte de un proyecto más amplio que tiene como objetivo examinar las relaciones entre derecho de interés público y minorías culturales.
Educação jurídica e inovação tecnológica: um ensaio crítico
(LA Referencia, 2020) Daniel Bonilla Maldonado
The article is divided into three parts. In the first part, I describe three of the most frequent answers to the question of why is it necessary, important, or urgent for technological innovation to be incorporated into law schools? The first two answers are directly related to agents of the market that demand legal education: law students and law firms. On the one hand, the legal literature that deals with this issue argues that law schools must innovate in technological matters to meet the expectations and needs of the new generations of law students. On the other hand, the literature argues that this aim should be achieved to satisfy the expectations and needs of law firms, who are the ones that hire new law school graduates. The third response indicates that technological innovation in law schools is necessary because it allows students to achieve learning objectives more effectively. In the second part, I offer a critique of the first two answers, those that react and want to meet the needs both of the legal services market and the educational services market. This critique is based on a Heideggerian interpretation of technology. In the third part, I present my critiques of the third answer, which closely connects the pedagogical aims of legal education and technological innovation. In this section of the essay I argue that the third answer (i) is weakened by the naturalistic fallacy; (ii) it does not support empirically its conclusions, or at least does not support them sufficiently, and it presents some of its empirical arguments as absolute, when there is no consensus in the legal, scientific, or pedagogical communities around them; (iii) it does not offer precise and detailed arguments that show how technological innovation may allow us to fulfill the objectives that legal education usually pursues; and (iv) it obscures the connection between technology and power in legal education.
EL ANÁLISIS CULTURAL DEL DERECHO. ENTREVISTA A PAUL KAHN
(Instituto Tecnológico Autónomo de México, 2017) Daniel Bonilla Maldonado
Paul W. Kahn, profesor de la facultad de derecho de la Universidad de Yale, ha sido uno de los principales impulsores de los estudios culturales del derecho en los Estados Unidos.1 Esta aproximación a la investigación jurídica, poco discutida en América Latina, tiene como principal objetivo examinar las estructuras simbólicas que constituyen la imaginación jurídico-política de los individuos. Busca, más precisamente, explorar la manera como el derecho construye nociones de sujeto...
El constitucionalismo radical ambiental y la diversidad cultural en América Latina. Los derechos de la naturaleza y el buen vivir en Ecuador y Bolivia
(Universidad Externado de Colombia, 2018) Daniel Bonilla Maldonado
Las constituciones multiculturales y ambientales de Ecuador y Bolivia se estructuran alrededor de los siguientes tres elementos: los principios de plurinacionalidad e interculturalidad; los derechos de la naturaleza; y el principio del buen vivir. Estos tres elementos se articulan de manera innovadora y se vinculan de forma creativa en estas dos cartas políticas. Ninguna otra constitución moderna ha incluido y conectado este conjunto de principios y derechos; ninguna ha dado tanta importancia a las epistemologías de los comunidades indígenas. Estos derechos y principios constituyen una contribución imaginativa al debate global sobre la diversidad cultural, los derechos humanos y el medio ambiente. Este conjunto de normas, además, cuestionan la economía política dominante del conocimiento legal que a priori considera al Sur Global como un contexto pobre para la creación de productos jurídicos de calidad. Las contribuciones de las constituciones ecuatoriana y boliviana, sin embargo, no son completamente originales, como algunos de sus creadores y promotores han declarado. Estas innovaciones son variaciones que se construyen dentro de la gramática del constitucionalismo moderno; son, por ejemplo, reinterpretaciones de los conceptos de nación, pueblo y cultura. Sin embargo, algunas otras de sus contribuciones, aunque parten de la gramática del constitucionalismo moderno, van más allá de ella, por ejemplo, el principio del buen vivir. Este artículo describe y analiza los tres componentes que hacen de las constituciones de Bolivia y Ecuador constituciones multiculturales y ambientales. En primer lugar, analiza la idea de que las comunidades indígenas deben ser reconocidas como naciones y la idea de que la comunidad política debe construirse mediante la interacción entre sus diversos grupos culturales. Luego, el artículo explora las formas tradicionales de pensar sobre la naturaleza y sus conexiones con el concepto moderno de derechos con las que están comprometidas las comunidades indígenas andinas; más precisamente, explora la idea de que la naturaleza es un sujeto de derechos. Finalmente, el artículo examina la forma en que el principio del buen vivir concibe la relación entre los seres humanos y la naturaleza.
Index
(Cambridge University Press, 2021) Daniel Bonilla Maldonado
A summary is not available for this content so a preview has been provided. Please use the Get access link above for information on how to access this content.
LA ARQUITECTURA CONCEPTUAL DEL PRINCIPIO DE SEPARACIÓN DE PODERES
(2015) Daniel Bonilla Maldonado
El artículo describe y analiza la estructura conceptual del principio de separación de poderes. En consecuencia, describe y analiza las premisas de las que parte, los conceptos básicos que construye, el tipo de sujeto particular que crea y las nociones de tiempo y espacio que compone. El artículo se divide en cuatro partes. En la primera parte, se presentan los componentes centrales de la interpretación dominante hoy en día del principio de separación de poderes. En la segunda parte del artículo, se explora la noción de sujeto que construye el principio de separación de poderes. Este construye un sujeto colectivo, el Estado, que se antropomorfiza y se presenta como un victimario y un sujeto individual, un individuo abstracto que se articula como una víctima del sujeto colectivo. En la tercera parte del escrito, se estudia la noción de tiempo que construye el principio de separación de poderes. El concepto de tiempo tiene dos dimensiones. La primera es la noción circular e infinita del tiempo en que opera el principio. La segunda es la noción de tiempo que se entrecruza con la idea de cambio social que está imbricada en el principio de separación de poderes. En la cuarta y última sección del artículo, examino el concepto de espacio que construye el principio de separación de poderes. La geografía conceptual que elabora el principio tiene múltiples niveles. El principal es el del Estado-Nación. No obstante, el espacio del principio tiene también una dimensión interna y una externa a esta forma de pensar la organización de una comunidad política.
Legal Barbarians
(Cambridge University Press, 2021) Daniel Bonilla Maldonado
In this novel and unorthodox historical analysis of modern comparative law, Daniel Bonilla Maldonado explores the connections between modern comparative law and the identity of the modern legal subject. Narratives created by modern comparative law shed light on the role played by law in the construction of modern individual and collective identities. This study first examines the relationship between identity, law, and narrative. Second, it explores the moments of emergence and transformation of this area of law: instrumental comparative studies, comparative legislative studies, and comparative law as an autonomous discipline. Finally, it analyzes the theoretical perspectives that question the narrative created by modern comparative law: Third World Approaches to International Law, postcolonial studies of law, and critical comparative law. For lawyers and legal scholars, this study brings a nuanced understanding of the connections between the theory of modern comparative law and contemporary practical legal and political issues.
LOS DERECHOS CULTURALES, LA DIVERSIDAD CULTURAL Y EL ESTADO
(University of Brasília, 2021) Daniel Bonilla Maldonado
Los derechos culturales tienen como objetivo proteger los intereses legítimos de las minorías culturales. Este artículo tiene como objetivo describir y analizar los elementos constitutivos de los derechos culturales, sus fundamentos y los modelos constitucionales en los que se insertan. Para cumplir con este objetivo, el texto se divide en tres partes. En la primera, examino el modelo constitucional liberal monocultural. Este modelo no acepta los derechos culturales, pero es el principal adversario teórico y práctico de los modelos constitucionales que si lo hacen. En la segunda parte, analizo el modelo constitucional liberal multicultural. Este es el modelo dentro del cual surgen y se fundamentan los derechos culturales “clásicos”, por ejemplo, el derecho a la integridad de la cultura, el derecho al autogobierno de las minorías culturales y el derecho a la consulta previa. En esta misma sección examino quiénes son los titulares de los derechos culturales, los bienes que pueden ser protegidos mediante estos derechos, sus fundamentos y las críticas que los cuestionan. En la tercera y última parte, exploro el modelo constitucional intercultural radical que reinterpreta el papel que deben desempeñar los derechos culturales dentro de un Estado multicultural, crea nuevos principios y derechos culturales y reimagina la estructura que deben tener este tipo de Estados.
Multicultural Constitutions
(Oxford University Press, 2022) Daniel Bonilla Maldonado
Abstract This chapter aims to describe and analyse the conceptual and legal structure of multicultural Latin American constitutions. It seeks to present and examine the axes that shape the normative framework that recognizes cultural difference and the way in which intercultural relations are regulated. To achieve this, it offers three theses. First, it argues that Latin American multicultural constitutions can be divided into two groups: liberal constitutions and radical constitutions. Second, it argues that the two groups of multicultural constitutions are structured by the grammar of modern constitutionalism. Third, despite their common conceptual framework, radical constitutions differ from the liberal ones in terms of the detail, precision, and importance of the legal norms that regulate cultural diversity. These constitutions also include two elements beyond the grammar of modern constitutionalism: the idea of good living and the rights of nature.
O Formalismo Jurídico, a Educação Jurídica e a Prática Profissional do Direito na América Latina
(Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2012) Daniel Bonilla Maldonado
Na América Latina, predomina o modelo formalista de ensino jurídico e concepção do direito, que o idealiza como emanação exclusiva da legislação e conjunto de normas piramildamente escalonado e mecanicamente aplicável, sem conjeturas acerca de sua moralidade, ensinado nas faculdades por meio de exposição teórica do conteúdo legal. Este artigo pretende descrever os defeitos do formalismo jurídico e propor a criação e efetivação de núcleos de prática de interesse público, para aprimoramento do aprendizado jurídico e construção de um novo conceito do direito na América Latina, a partir da experiência de imersão social proporcionada pela vivência dos casos práticas na formação jurídica.
The Critical Academic of Law
(Cambridge University Press, 2021) Daniel Bonilla Maldonado
In the last chapter of the book, I examine the theoretical perspectives that question the narrative created by comparative modern law. Comparative law’s thought structures dominate an important part of the modern legal and political imagination. Nevertheless, these structures do not absolutely govern the way in which moderns give meaning to their experience. In its margins, there are theoretical perspectives that question them and try to articulate alternative normative horizons. Three of these perspectives are the Third World Approaches to International Law (TWAIL), the postcolonial studies of law, and critical comparative law. Each of these intellectual movements pursues distinct, precise objectives, such as the questioning of the imperial dimensions of international law, the critique of neocolonial legal relationships, or the questioning of the traditional methods and objectives of comparative law. Nevertheless, these movements share some elements that constitute this chapter's object of analysis. The aim of the chapter is thus not examining all dimensions, arguments, and authors that form each of these perspectives. What the chapter seeks is to describe and analyze how the three interact with the structures of thought of comparative law that form the basis of modern law. These intellectual movements describe these structures of thought as dominant, evaluate them negatively, and intend to replace them.
The Legal Barbarians
(Cambridge University Press, 2021) Daniel Bonilla Maldonado
Legal Barbarians has two general objectives that intersect and complement each other. On one hand, the book seeks to describe and analyze how modern comparative law has contributed to the construction of modern subjectivities. On the other hand, it seeks to describe and analyze how this field of law has contributed to creating conceptual geographies and ways of understanding history that have influenced the legal conscience of individuals directly or indirectly, implicitly or explicitly, linked to enlightened modernity.
The Legal Identity of the Global South
(Cambridge University Press, 2021) Daniel Bonilla Maldonado
In the first chapter, I explore the relationship between narrative and identity. More precisely, in this chapter, I argue (i) that narratives construct and give unity to individual and collective identities; (ii) that modern law, understood as part of modern culture and not as its consequence, constructs a narrative that has contributed to the creation of the modern subject – a narrative that is built around the conceptual opposition "subject of law/legal barbarian"; and (iii) that comparative law has played a central role in the formation of this conceptual opposition. Comparative law has been fundamental for forming the legal “self” and "other" of modernity.