Browsing by Autor "Diego Rojas"

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    Enseñanza del Inglés en los Colegios Municipales de Chile. ¿Dónde Estamos y Hacia Dónde Vamos?
    (2014) Diego Rojas; I Bernárdez Zapata; Max Herrada
    Resumen La presente investigación utiliza los datos de la Evaluación Docente para caracterizar a la población de docentes municipales de inglés de acuerdo a sus antecedentes demográficos, laborales y académicos, y pone especial énfasis en la descripción de su desempeño en aspectos evaluados que, de acuerdo a las bases curriculares de inglés, serí­an cruciales para que los alumnos logren los aprendizajes esperados del sector. Por último, con el objetivo de determinar si hay aspectos en los que se deberí­a enfocar la formación y las polí­ticas de desarrollo profesional de los docentes de inglés, se dan los primeros pasos en el análisis de la relación, con un modelo multinivel, entre el desempeño de los docentes en los indicadores evaluados y resultados de aprendizaje de los alumnos medidos a través de SIMCE de Inglés 2010, controlando por el í ndice de Vulnerabilidad de las Escuelas. Palabras clave: Idioma inglés, Lengua extranjera, Segundo Idioma, Educación, Chile, Evaluación Docente. The teaching of English at Chilean public schools, where are we? Where are we going to? Abstract This research uses date from the National Teacher Evaluation System to characterise public school teachers of English according to their demographic, work and academic background. In relation to the description of the teacher's performance, it highlights specific issues which according to the curricular bases for the teaching of English are essential for students to achieve the expected learning. In order to define those issues which need to be enhanced by training programmes and by public policies for professional development of English teachers, this work analyses though a multilevel model the relationship between teacher's performance and the students' learning results assessed by the national test of English SIMCE 2010, including the school vulnerability index. Keywords: English Language; Foreign Language; Second Language; Education; Chile; Teacher Evaluation
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    Risk factors on admission and condition at discharge of 529 consecutive COVID-19 patients at a tertiary care center in Santiago, Chile
    (2020) César Maquilón; Jonas Alberto Gongora; Monica Antolini; Bernardita Alvarado; Nicolás Valdés Ortega; Angela Benavente; Maria Gabriela Bofill; Macarena Urra; Diego Rojas; Javiera Huidobro
    <title>Abstract</title> <bold>Background</bold>: The first case of COVID-19 was reported in Chile on March 3, 2020. Public and private hospitals were managed in a centralized manner. On May 30, Chile had 99,668 cases, 1054 deaths, 1383 ICU patients, 1174 patients on invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV), and 51 patients on non-invasive ventilation (NIMV). <bold>Research question</bold>: What are the variables associated with condition at discharge?<bold>Method</bold>: We performed a retrospective cohort study of 529 patients with a positive RT-PCR for SARS CoV-2who were consecutively discharged between March 14 and June 4, 2020, at Clínica Dávila, Santiago. Patients were analyzed according to laboratory variables on admission, Quality-Adjusted Life Year (QALY) score, health insurance, and type of respiratory support. Condition at discharge was survivor, non-survivor, or transfer to another center. Differences were evaluated by Chi-square test, Student’s t test, or Mann–Whitney U test. Logistic regression analysis was performed to identify variables that were predictive of condition at discharge.<bold>Results</bold>: Median (interquartile range, IQR) age was 49 (37–62) years, and the median (IQR) stay in the hospital was 6 (3–10) days. A total of 352 patients (66.5%) had respiratory symptoms, 177 (33.4%) had other symptoms or diagnoses on admission, and 116 required ventilatory support; 448 (84.7%) were survivors, 54 (10.2%) were non-survivors, and 27 (5.1%) were transferred. The median ages of the survivors and non-survivors were 46 (36–59) and 75.5 (66–84), respectively.Having state health insurance increased the risk of death by 2.8-fold (OR, 2.825; 95% CI: 1.383–5.772; P = 0.004). Multivariate analysis revealed the following predictive variables: age ≥ 60 years (OR, 15.3; 95% CI: 7.25–32.2; P = .001); PaO<sub>2</sub>/FiO<sub>2</sub> on admission ≤ 200 vs &gt; 200 (OR, 5,205; CI 95%: 1,942–13,94); high-sensitivity troponin, ≥ 15 vs &lt;15 ng /L (OR, 5,163; 95% CI: 1.95–13,64; P = .001); and QALY ≤ 15 vs &gt; 15 points (OR, 14,011; 95% CI: 4,826–40,679; P=.001).<bold>Interpretation:</bold> The variables analyzed and patient’s clinical evolution may allow assignment of ICU beds to patients with the greatest chance of survival, especially in countries or regions where this resource is limited.