Browsing by Autor "Eid Rodriguez, Daniel"

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Arterial Stiffness in Heart-Healthy Indigenous Tsimane Forager-Horticulturalists.
(2025) Cao, Tianyu; Linares, Edhitt C; Quispe Gutierrez, Raul; Eid Rodriguez, Daniel; Bani Cuata, Juana; Miyamoto, Michael I; von Rueden, Christopher R; Cummings, Daniel K; Hooper, Paul L; Trumble, Benjamin C; Stieglitz, Jonathan; Thompson, Randall C; Thomas, Gregory S; Kaplan, Hillard; Duprez, Daniel A; Jacobs, David R; Gurven, Michael
BACKGROUND: Little is known about arterial stiffness in rural subsistence populations that experience few cardiovascular risk factors. We conducted a cross-sectional study comparing 3 arterial stiffness metrics among Tsimane forager-horticulturalists with 2 representative US cohorts. METHODS: Arterial elasticity (the inverse of stiffness) markers C1 (large artery elasticity) and C2 (small artery elasticity) were measured using a tonometry device among 490 Tsimane adults (mean age, 51.2±10.1 years; 55% women), and compared with 6294 multiethnic US adults (mean age, 62.0±10.2 years; 52% women) from MESA (Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis). Carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity was assessed using the foot-to-foot method in a smaller Tsimane sample (n=94) and compared with 3086 predominantly White US adults (mean age, 46.1±8.7 years; 54% women) from the FHS Gen3 (Framingham Heart Study Third Generation). RESULTS: Tsimane participants exhibited superior arterial health compared with US cohorts, with higher elasticity (C1/C2) and lower stiffness (carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity). Their C1 (mean 22.8±12.2 mL/mm Hg×10) and C2 (mean 7.5±4.0 mL/mm Hg×100) were 47.3% and 35.7% higher than MESA participants by age 40 years, respectively, and differences remained sustained throughout adulthood. Compared with participants in FHS Gen3, the carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity in Tsimane participants (mean 6.2±1.2 m/s) was 33.9% lower and showed a minimal age-related increase, with carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity only higher by age 70+ (β=1.74±0.38; reference <40 years). Tsimane participants with ≥2 comorbidities (hypertension, obesity, and diabetes) had ≈25% higher arterial elasticity than healthy Americans with no comorbidities. CONCLUSIONS: Tsimane forager-farmers of the Bolivian Amazon demonstrate substantially lower arterial stiffness throughout adulthood than more urbanized and sedentary populations, and the differences are only partially explained by conventional cardiometabolic risk factors.
Challenging the Inevitability of Prostate Enlargement: Low Levels of Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia Among Tsimane Forager-Horticulturalists.
(2015) Trumble, Benjamin C; Stieglitz, Jonathan; Eid Rodriguez, Daniel; Cortez Linares, Edhitt; Kaplan, Hillard S; Gurven, Michael D
BACKGROUND: Often considered an inevitable part of male aging, benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is the most common non-life threatening disease to affect men in Western populations. We examine age-related change in prostate size and BPH risk and related serum biomarkers among the Tsimane Amerindians of the Bolivian Amazon who live a traditional lifestyle of hunting and small-scale horticulture. The Tsimane are a critical case study for understanding the etiology of BPH as they have low levels of obesity and metabolic syndrome, as well as lower levels of testosterone than age matched U.S. males, factors associated with BPH in previous research. METHODS: Ultrasounds were conducted on 348 men aged 28-89 years (median age 56 years). Testosterone, prostate specific antigen, sex hormone binding globulin, and glycosylated hemoglobin were examined in relationship to prostate size and BPH. RESULTS: Tsimane have less than half of the BPH prevalence experienced by U.S. men, and prostate volumes 62.6% smaller. While Tsimane have low levels of testosterone and subclinical levels of metabolic syndrome compared to U.S. men, Tsimane with high testosterone were more likely to experience BPH, as were those with higher glycosylated hemoglobin, suggesting targets for clinical interventions to reduce BPH. CONCLUSIONS: These results have clinical significance for the growing number of men taking testosterone supplementation; even at low levels the additional testosterone exposure could be placing these men at higher risk of BPH. Overall, these data suggest that BPH may not have been an inevitable part of male aging throughout human evolutionary history.
Geographical inequities in cervical cancer screening coverage in Bolivia: a spatial nationwide ecological study.
(2025) Huanca Challgua, Carla; Linander, Ida; Goicolea, Isabel; Eid Rodriguez, Daniel; Fonseca-Rodríguez, Osvaldo
OBJECTIVES: To estimate cervical cancer screening (CCS) coverage rates and assess the spatial distribution and clustering between departments and municipalities in Bolivia. METHODS: Standardized CCS coverage rates were calculated using the direct standardization method. The global Moran's I test was used to investigate the existence of spatial autocorrelation of CCS coverage, and the Getis-Ord Gi* was used to identify the spatial clustering of municipalities with high (hot spot) or low (cold spot) coverage. RESULTS: Overall coverage was low. Around 14% of women aged 20-69 years were screened in Bolivia in 2022. Large geographical inequities in CCS coverage rates were identified both between departments and between municipalities. At the municipal level, CCS showed large differences, ranging from 59% to below 1%. Hot spots were identified in northwestern and southeastern Bolivia; specifically, in Pando, Chuquisaca, and Tarija departments. Cold spots were identified in Beni and Santa Cruz departments. CONCLUSIONS: Bolivia is still a long way from achieving the World Health Organization target of 70% screening coverage. The present results indicate where the screening program must be reinforced to improve the responsiveness of Bolivia's health system to women's reproductive health needs.