Browsing by Autor "Emily M. Chester"

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    C‐reactive protein (CRP) in high altitude <scp>Bolivian</scp> peri‐urban adolescents varies by adiposity, current illness, height, socioeconomic status, sex, and menarcheal status: The potential benefits and costs of adipose reserves in arduous environments
    (Wiley, 2024) Virginia J. Vitzthum; Jonathan Thornburg; Thomas W. McDade; Kathryn Hicks; Aaron A. Miller; Emily M. Chester; Baileigh Goodlett; Esperanza Cáceres; Hilde Spielvogel
    Our results are consistent with a tradeoff between investments in growth versus immune functioning, as might be expected in an environment with limited resources and high pathogen exposure (e.g., soil-transmitted helminths, poor sanitation). Thinner Alteños appear to maintain a minimum CRP concentration independent of fat-factor, while fatter (or less-thin) Alteños' CRP rises with fat-factor. Female Alteños appear to be trading off investment in immune response for investment in growth and maturation. Alteños' high rate of stunting and absence of obesity suggests chronic, presumably multifactorial, stress. Adipose stores likely buffer against some of these stressors and, in an environment such as this-in which many lack sufficient nutritious foods, potable water, adequate sewage, and health care-may confer a net lifetime benefit.
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    Socioeconomic impacts on Andean adolescents’ growth
    (University of Oxford, 2022) Mecca Burris; Esperanza Cáceres; Emily M. Chester; Kathryn Hicks; Thomas W. McDade; Lynn Sikkink; Hilde Spielvogel; Jonathan Thornburg; Virginia J. Vitzthum
    Both peri-urban conditions and temporal trends contributed to gains in Alteños' growth. Rural out-migration can alleviate migrants' poverty, partly because of more diverse economic options in urbanized communities, especially for women. Nonetheless, Alteños averaged below WHO and MESA height and weight medians. Evolved biological adaptations to environmental challenges, and the consequent variability in growth trajectories, favor using multiple growth references. Growth monitoring should be informed by community- and household-level studies to detect and understand local factors causing or alleviating health disparities.