Browsing by Autor "Flavio Eudaldo Merlo-Maydana"

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Degradación in situ del pastizal Chilliwar Festuca dolichophylla una alternativa para alimentación animal
(Selva Andina Research Society, 2019) Flavio Eudaldo Merlo-Maydana; Manuel Gregorio Loza-Murguia; Juan Carlos Kú-Vera; Rene Condori-Quispe; Luis Pérez-Lugo; Aldo Albarracín-Villa
The objective was to evalúate the kinetics of degradation in the first compartment (C1) of llamas of the dry matter (DM) of forage F. dolichophylla harvested at 3, 6, 9, 12 and 15 weeks of growth during two seasons (rainy and dry). The degradation kinetics of crude protein (PC), neutral detergent fiber (NDF) and acid detergent fiber (ADF) were evaluated only in the rainy season. In situ degradation was described by the equation of Ørskov et al., (1980) D = a + b (1-exp-ct). A completely randomized block design with a 2 x 5 factorial arrangement was used for the MS. The rate (c) 3.24% h-1, intercept of the curve (a) 22.22%, and the degradation potential of MS (a + b) 91.32%, were not affected (P> 0.05) by the time, age and interaction. However, the effective DM degradation (estimated with a flow rate of k = 2% h-1) was affected (P <0.05) by time and age. The effective degradation of DM decreased 13.9 and 10.7% from 3 to 15 weeks of growth for the rainy and dry seasons, respectively. The degradation rates of PC, 6.7% h-1, NDF, 3.9% h-1 and the FDA, 3.6% h-1, were not affected (P> 0.05) by the age of growth. However, the potential and effective degradation (k = 2% h-1) was influenced by the age of growth, ranging from 97.7 to 90.1%, 86.0 to 80.8%, and from 72.4 to 71.9% from 3 to 15 weeks of increase. The effective degradation of PC, NDF and ADF was affected (P <0.05)bythe agethe a of growth, decreasing from 88.6 to 63%, 63.5 to 57.1%, and from 51.7 to 40.3% from 3 to 15 weeks of growth. It is concluded that the accelerated degradation of the protein at early hours, and low degradation of cell walls causes an imbalance invailability of protein and absence of energy.
Frecuencia de Varroa destructor, Nosema spp y Acarapis woodi en colonias comerciales de abejas ( Apis mellifera ) en Yucatán, México
(Selva Andina Research Society, 2015) Jesús Froylán Martínez-Puc; Luis A. Medina‐Medina; Marisela Leal-Hernández; Flavio Eudaldo Merlo-Maydana
En la actualidad se ha observado que las enfermedades que afectan a las abejas (Apis mellifera), han provocado importantes prdidas econmicas en el Continente Europeo y en parte de los Estados Unidos, debido a una elevada mortalidad en las colonias de abejas melferas sin una causa aparente, lo cual es conocido como el Sndrome del Despoblamiento de las Colmenas. Es importante mencionar que dicha mortalidad an no se presenta en Yucatn. Con la finalidad de determinar la frecuencia y niveles de infestacin de Varroa destructor y Acarapis woodi, as como la frecuencia y los niveles de infeccin de Nosema spp., en colonias comerciales de abejas (A. mellifera) en Yucatn, se colect de junio a diciembre de 2006, un total de 165 muestras distribuidas en 13 localidades de Yucatn. La frecuencia de V. destructor fue de 63.6 %, con un promedio de nivel de infestacin de 2.85 0.79 (caros/100 abejas). La frecuencia de Nosema spp., fue de 81.8 %, con un promedio de nivel de infeccin de x =1234000 118000 (esporas/abeja), no se detect la presencia de A. woodi en las muestras analizadas. Se observ la existencia de una asociacin entre V. destructor y Nosema spp. (X 2 =6.53, gl=1, p=0.01).
Importancia de la diversidad de abejas (Hymenoptera: Apoidea) y amenazas que enfrenta en el ecosistema tropical de Yucatán, México
(Selva Andina Research Society, 2014) Jesús Froylán Martínez-Puc; Flavio Eudaldo Merlo-Maydana
El presente trabajo de investigacin tiene el objeto de revisar informacin cientfica en relacin a la taxonoma su diversidad, comportamiento y caractersticas de grupo, importancia de las abejas y las amenazas que enfrentan en la actualidad.
PREDICTING BODY WEIGHT THROUGH BIOMETRIC MEASUREMENTS IN BOLIVIAN LLAMAS
(University of Concepción, 2024) Flavio Eudaldo Merlo-Maydana; Francisco Flores-Lopez; Israel Quispe-Turpo; Héctor Aarón Lee-Rangel; Juan Carlos Ángeles-Hernández; Rodrigo Portillo-Salgado; Mohammed Benaouda; Alfonso Juventino Chay‐Canul; Einar Vargas‐Bello‐Pérez
The objective of this study was to evaluate the relationship between body weight (BW) and different biometric measurements in llamas (Lama glama) from the Bolivian highlands and to generate prediction models of BW. A total of 515 individual records of BW and biometric measurements were used. The measurements were taken on 202 males and 313 females aged between 0.5 and 5 years, and included: neck length (NL), withers height (WH), rump height (RH), heart girth (HG), body length (BL), abdomen circumference (AC), rib depth (RD), hip width (HW), pin bone width (PBW), thoracic width (TW), and back length (BKL). The relationships between BW and biometric measurements were developed using simple linear and multiple regression. For the evaluation, the relationship between the observed and predicted values of BW was determined by linear regression, the mean squared error of prediction (MSEP) and root MSEP (RMSEP); concordance correlation coefficient analysis was also used. The BW ranged from 22 to 122 kg. Regression equations between BW, HG and RD had an r2 of 0.94 and 0.92, respectively (RMSEP= 6.06 and 6.70 kg, respectively). The equations were highly precise (r2 >0.86) and accurate (Cb>0.98), with a reproducibility index > 0.92. The model efficiency (MEF) indicated a higher efficiency of prediction (MEF ≥ 0.86). Using a single predictor, HG and RD accounted for more than 92% of the variation in BW. Overall, HG may be used as a single predictor to predict BW in llamas maintained under the conditions of the Bolivian highlands.