Browsing by Autor "Gredy Lugo"

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Abscesos periodontales y lesiones endodónticas-periodontales
(2020) Caroll Yibrín; Lorena Dávila B.; Gredy Lugo; Tabatha Rojas; Xiomara Gimenéz; Ilusión Romero; Johelsy Infante; Rodolfo Gutiérrez Palacios; Susana Arteaga; María Palacios
The diagnosis and management of periodontal emergencies is a common part of general dental practice. The objective of this review was to critically evaluate the available literature on periodontal abscess and endodontic periodontal lesions. Periodontal abscesses are defined as acute lesions characterized by localized accumulation of pus within the gingival wall of the periodontal pocket / groove, rapid tissue destruction and are associated with the risk of systemic dissemination. Endodontic periodontal lesions are defined by a pathological communication between pulp and periodontal tissues in a given tooth, present in acute or chronic form, and are classified according to the signs and symptoms that have a direct impact on their prognosis and treatment. Periodontal abscesses and acute presentations of endoperiodontal lesions share characteristics that differentiate them from periodontitis lesions. Periodontal abscess and endodontic periodontal lesion are common conditions in which periodontal tissues can be destroyed quickly, these conditions are among the few clinical situations in periodontics where patients can seek immediate attention. Its importance lies not only in the prognosis of the affected tooth, but also in the possibility of spreading the infection.
Clasificación de las enfermedades y condiciones periodontales y periimplantares
(2020) Gredy Lugo; Caroll Yibrín; Lorena Dávila B.; Xiomara Gimenéz; Ilusión Romero; Tabatha Rojas; Johelsy Infante; Susana Arteaga; Lisbeth Sosa; María Palacios
Disease classification schemes are developed to facilitate the design and application of appropriate therapeutic strategies for each case, based on evidence from clinical trials. These schemes provide a framework for the scientific study of the etiology, pathogenesis, natural history and treatment of diseases and also offer a way to organize and execute individual treatment strategies. In the World Workshop of Periodontal and Peri-implant Diseases, held in 2017, an official classification system for priodontal and peri-implant diseases and conditions was agreed, which was published, later in 2018 in the two most prestigious journals in the area : Journal of Periodontology and Journal Clinical of Periodontology. This classification allows the development of frameworks to study the etiology, pathogenesis and treatment of periodontal and peri- implant disease, in addition to providing the international community with a way of communicating in a common language. The objective of this documentary review is to make the basic aspects of the new classification scheme for periodontal and peri-implant diseases and conditions available to Spanish speakers and dental professionals. The new classification system provides tools for the clinician to diagnose and treat the patient from the case definition, as well as to provide the scientist, researcher and epidemiologist with scientific bases to contribute to the development of new knowledge. However, this classification system is far from perfect and should be modified once there is enough new data to justify new revisions.
Enfermedad periodontal necrosante
(2020) Gredy Lugo; Xiomara Gimenéz; B Lorena Dávila; Ilusión Romero; Tabatha Rojas; Caroll Yibrín; A Susana Arteaga; Lisbeth Sosa; Johelsy Infante; Francisco Salvador Palacios
Acute periodontal diseases are rapid onset clinical conditions that involve the periodontium or associated structures and are characterized by pain or discomfort, tissue destruction and infection. In contrast to most other periodontal conditions, they can cause rapid destruction of periodontal tissues, thus emphasizing the importance of rapid diagnosis and treatment. Among these conditions, the following stand out necrotizing periodontal disease. According to the International Workshop for Classification of Periodontal Diseases and Conditions 2017 are two: Necrotizing gingivitis (NG) and Necrotizing periodontitis (NP). Necrotizing stomatitis (NE) is a more aggressive variation, which can be linked to the two entities mentioned. Necrotizing periodontal disease is an infection characterized by gingival necrosis, pain and gingival bleeding. It is considered to be an acute opportunistic gingival infection caused by dental biofilm. It appears more frequently in undernourished children and young with immunodeficiency. In its pathogenesis, there are factors related to the oral microbiota and factors associated with the host. Diagnosis is made by a clinical examination. The purpose of this study is to conduct a literature review of necrotizing periodontal disease. The clinical presentation, the course and the response to EPN therapy are specific among other periodontal diseases, so the existence of a particular clinical disease category is supported.
Enfermedades y condiciones periimplantares
(2020) Xiomara Gimenéz; Gredy Lugo; Lorena Dávila B.; Ilusión Romero; Tabatha Rojas; Caroll Yibrín; Susana Arteaga; María Palacios; Rodolfo Gutiérrez Palacios; Johelsy Infante
Dental implant therapy has been developing for decades with successful results in osseointegration, providing an excellent alternative for partial and / or total edentulism. Successes have been reported up to 90% after 15 years; however there are conditions that can lead to failure. The literature relates similarities between the tissues that surround the teeth and the peri-implant tissues, both in health and in disease, the conditions that can cause alterations in the tissues that surround the dental implants are of particular relevance. Peri-implant diseases have been classified for a time in a global consensus held in Chicago 2017, in a new era to define, diagnose and treat both peri-implant mucositis and peri-implantitis. A review is presented describing these pathological entities, their clinical, radiographic characteristics and risk factors in order to achieve a favorable analysis.
Factores dentales y protésicos relacionados con la enfermedad periodontal
(2020) Tabatha Rojas; Gredy Lugo; B Lorena Dávila; Caroll Yibrín; Xiomara Gimenéz; Ilusión Romero; A Susana Arteaga; Francisco Salvador Palacios; Rodolfo Gutiérrez Palacios; Johelsy Infante
This work aims to conduct a review of dental and prosthetic factors related to periodontal diseases. According to scientific evidence, the location of restoration margins within the junction epithelium and the insertion of supracrestal connective tissue may be associated with gingival inflammation and a potential recession. On the other hand, the anatomical factors of the tooth, root anomalies and fractures can act as retentive factors of dental biofilm that increase the probability of gingival or periodontal diseases. In conclusion, although the etiology of periodontal disease is mainly bacterial, the factors that promote the accumulation of dental biofilm or allow the entry of bacteria into the periodontium should be considered in the classification and diagnosis of periodontal diseases. Several factors related to tooth / root anatomy and restorative considerations have been associated with gingival inflammation, insertion loss and bone loss. However, the evidence especially related to the biological mechanisms by which these factors affect the periodontium are inconclusive. This highlights the need for additional studies and adequate periodontal evaluation.
Fuerzas oclusales traumáticas y su efecto en el periodonto
(2020) Caroll Yibrín; Tabatha Rojas; Gredy Lugo; Lorena Dávila B.; Xiomara Gimenéz; Ilusión Romero; Johelsy Infante; Rodolfo Gutiérrez Palacios; Susana Arteaga; María Palacios
Traumatic occlusal forces and periodontitis are two factors that cause periodontal destruction. Various investigations have been conducted on the relationship between occlusal forces and periodontitis, however, the role of traumatic occlusal forces at the onset and progression of periodontitis remains a controversial issue in periodontology. A committee organized by the American Academy of Periodontics (AAP) and the European Federation of Periodontics (FEP) was responsible for updating the classification of periodontal diseases in 1999 and developing a new classification scheme for periodontal and peri-implant diseases. This review article analyzes the effects of traumatic occlusal forces on the periodontium, the onset and progression of periodontitis, abfraction and gingival recession, presenting some definitions of interest and treatment of traumatic occlusal forces.
Gingivitis inducida por biopelícula dental y enfermedades gingivales no inducidas por biopelícula dental
(2020) Lorena Dávila B.; Ilusión Romero; Gredy Lugo; Xiomara Gimenéz; Tabatha Rojas; Caroll Yibrín; Lisbeth Sosa; Johelsy Infante; Susana Arteaga; María Palacios
The objective of this review is to know the scientific evidences that allow to establish the bases of the changes applied to the classification of the diseases and conditions that affect the periodontium of protection so that the diagnosis is based on the definition of cases. The information provided provides useful diagnostic, prevention, therapeutic and epidemiological strategies for clinicians and researchers in order to diagnose and properly manage the patient. Common clinical features of gingival conditions induced by biofilm include: a) clinical signs and symptoms of inflammation limited to the gum, b) reversibility of inflammation by removing or altering the biofilm, c) presence of a high biofilm load bacterial to initiate inflammation; d) modifying factors that can alter the severity of inflammation and e) stable levels of insertion, over a periodontium that may or may not have a history of insertion loss or alveolar bone. The simplified taxonomy of gingival conditions includes: 1) introduction of the term “incipient gingivitis”; 2) description of the extent and severity of gingival inflammation; 3) description of the extent and severity of gingival enlargement; 4) reduction of the categories of taxonomy of plaque-induced gingival disease; 5) use of the term necrotizing diseases to encompass gingivitis, periodontitis and stomatitis necrotizing, 6) consideration of linear erythema as oral candidiasis; 7) creation of a more complete nomenclature of pathologies related to non-biofilm-induced diseases that includes the International Code of Diseases ICD-10. In conclusion, biofilm-induced gingivitis is classified by site, in an intact periodontium and in a reduced periodontium. According to its extension, it is classified as localized with SS =10% and =30%, without insertion loss or radiographic bone loss and generalized with SS> 30%, without insertion loss or radiographic bone loss. In the periodontium the first signs of undiagnosed systemic diseases and conditions can be reflected, as well as oral manifestations of some pathologies. Biofilm control in systemic patients is essential to prevent complications.
Relación entre periodontitis y enfermedades sistémicas según la nueva clasificación de enfermedades periodontales y periimplantares
(2020) Ilusión Romero; Xiomara Gimenéz; Gredy Lugo; Lorena Dávila B.; Caroll Yibrín; Tabatha Rojas; Rodolfo Gutiérrez Palacios; Lisbeth Sosa; Susana Arteaga; Johelsy Infante
Periodontitis is an infectious disease characterized by inflammation mediated by the host’s immune system and that is associated with specific microorganisms, resulting in the loss of periodontal insertion. This immune response may vary in each person; and if the organism is affected by some systemic disease, the periodontium may present manifestations of said disease. The objective is to review the proposed new classification of periodontal and peri-implant diseases and compare it with that of 1999, in relation to the association of periodontitis and systemic diseases. The findings obtained were diseases and systemic conditions that affect the periodontal insertion apparatus are distributed in three large groups. In the first one there are rare diseases that have a greater impact on the insertion apparatus, resulting in an early presentation of severe periodontitis, in the second they describe the conditions that have a moderate impact on the severity of periodontitis that have shown a increased prevalence and severity of the disease, but they do not have a specific clinical presentation that differentiates them from chronic periodontitis and ultimately the conditions that can cause the destruction of periodontal insertion independent of dental biofilm-induced periodontitis develop. In conclusion it can be pointed out that the new classification allows to identify in greater depth according to periodontal pathology, the severity of the systemic manifestation.
Repercusión periodontal de las deformidades y condiciones mucogingivales
(2020) Ilusión Romero; Tabatha Rojas; Lorena Dávila B.; Gredy Lugo; Caroll Yibrín; Xiomara Gimenéz; Susana Arteaga; Rodolfo Gutiérrez Palacios; Johelsy Infante; Lisbeth Sosa
Las condiciones mucogingivales han sido objeto de estudio en el area de la periodoncia desde las primeras decadas del siglo XX, actualmente estan incluidas en la clasificacion de las enfermedades periodontales como otras condiciones que pueden afectar el periodonto. Se propuso realizar una revision bibliografica de la clasificacion actual y compararla con la del ano 1999. Esta nueva clasificacion amplia el analisis de las recesiones gingivales y la falta de tejido queratinizado. Asimismo, ofrece la posibilidad de mejorar la orientacion con respecto al tratamiento, debido a que se analizan diversos factores como el espesor gingival, ancho gingival, presencia de lesiones cervicales no cariosas, hipersensibilidad dentinaria y por primera vez se toma en cuenta la percepcion estetica que tiene el paciente, aplicando el Indice de Sonrisa Estetica. Tambien se incluye el termino condicion mucogingival normal y se actualiza la definicion de deformidades mucogingivales y recesion gingival. Se concluyo que la nueva clasificacion de las recesiones gingivales esta basada en la perdida de insercion interproximal y combina parametros clinicos, incluido el fenotipo gingival y las caracteristicas de la superficie radicular expuesta, buscando obtener mejores resultados en el tratamiento.
Salud periodontal y salud gingival
(2020) Lorena Dávila B.; Caroll Yibrín; Gredy Lugo; Tabatha Rojas; Ilusión Romero; Xiomara Gimenéz; Johelsy Infante; Rodolfo Gutiérrez Palacios; Susana Arteaga; María Palacios
This work aims to establish an updated vision of health based on the definitions proposed by the 2017 Workshop consensus “Classification of periodontal and peri-implant diseases and conditions” and in this way allow to understand the context under which it should be evaluated health, to be the premise of the diagnosis and planning of periodontal treatment. This analysis is important for the absence of bleeding, indicates absence of clinical inflammation, so it is essential to know and apply the clinical parameters recommended by the consensus, as well as to keep in mind that there are conditions that can mask or exaggerate the bleeding where The determinants of health and disease that may be present in the individual, responsible for the severity, extent and progression of the disease should be evaluated. The restoration of health is due to the allostatic conditions of each patient, taking into account that there is an individuality present, in the case definition and in the treatment planning. In conclusion, health should be evaluated from the site and from the patient. Health according to the site is classified in clinical gingival health in intact periodontium and clinical gingival health in reduced periodontium (patient with stable periodontitis and patient without periodontitis). The risk factors must be controlled from the patient. A case of biofilm-induced gingivitis is classified according to site integrity in biofilm-induced gingivitis in intact periodontium and reduced periodontium.