Browsing by Autor "Gruberg, Helga"

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Capacidad de los sistemas agroforestales dinámicos de proveer servicios agroecosistémicos. Tres estudios de caso en los Valles Interandinos de Bolivia
(RevActaNova., 2023) Antezana, Mariana; Gruberg, Helga; Augstburger, Horacio
Resumen: En tiempo de crisis socioambiental cada agroecosistema juega un rol fundamental en la estabilidad planetaria. Este es el caso de los sistemas agroforestales dinámicos (SAFD) que nacen como una alternativa productiva a la agricultura convencional. Si bien desde el año 2008, las instituciones de la red Espacio Compartido en Sistemas Agroforestales (ECO-SAF) en Bolivia vienen instalando y promoviendo SAFD, no cuentan con un estudio sobre su capacidad de brindar servicios agroecosistémicos a la sociedad y planeta. Es por este motivo que el presente trabajo estimó los servicios agroecosistémicos que brindan los SAFD de las instituciones que forman parte de la red ECO-SAF en tres estudios de caso en los Valles Interandinos de Cochabamba. El estudio empleó la metodología Índice Capacidad de Servicios Agroecosistémicos (ICSA) que toma en cuenta 23 servicios agroecosistémicos. Se determinó que los SAFD tienen una capacidad de "relevante" a "media alta" para proveer servicios agroecosistémicos ya que los agroecosistemas con coberturas terrestres que tienen SAFD brindaron mayor diversidad de servicios (entre18 a 22 servicios). La calificación para los 23 servicios agroecosistémicos dentro los tres estudios de caso, mostró que los servicios con calificaciones altas fueron la regulación de nutrientes, la seguridad en el trabajo, los productos alimenticios libres de pesticidas y purificación de agua (calidad). En cambio, los servicios con calificaciones bajas pertenecieron a ganado doméstico y a oportunidad al trabajo. También cada estudio de caso contó con su ICSA, dando como resultado para la huerta N°1 y N°2 una capacidad "media alta" con un índice de 2,3 y 2,9 respectivamente. En cambio, para la huerta N°3 una capacidad "relevante" con un índice de 1,7. Adicionalmente, se generó un umbral de referencia para el ICSA (de 0 a 3) que puede ser una referencia para otros agroecosistemas. Por último, se evidencia el potencial de la metodología ICSA como herramienta de planificación para potenciar los servicios que brindan los agroecosistemas.
Eroding Traditional Ecological Knowledge. A Case Study in Bolivia
(Universidad Católica Boliviana "San Pablo"- CReA - VLIR-UOS., 2024) Gruberg, Helga; Dessein, Joost; D´Haese, Marijke; Alba, Eliana; Benavides, Jean Paul
Traditional Ecological Knowledge (TEK) adjusts to changes in its socioecological system (SES). We focus on understanding if and how TEK´s spiritual, social, and ecological aspects relate to each other and examine the main socioecological factors that impact the transmission of TEK within and across generations. Based on quantitative and qualitative data on traditional weather forecasting in rural Bolivia, we found four factors affecting TEK’s dissemination: formal education, migration, a new religion, and the politicization of rural unions. Despite the slow disappearance of TEK, we also found that hybrid knowledge reinforces interest in TEK.
Exploring power dynamics in a food bank in Bolivia. A case study during the Covid-19 pandemic
(Food Ethics, 2024) Galindo, Darío; Gruberg, Helga; Dessein, Joost
Hunger reduction, a universal goal, is often pursued through the concept of food security, which partially shifts the responsibility from national states to food banks. However, the active involvement of various stakeholders in food banks is frequently overlooked. The first waves of the COVID-19 pandemic prompted the High-Level Panel of Experts on Food Security and Nutrition of the Committee on World Food Security to acknowledge the necessity of stakeholders´ participation in achieving food security. Despite the significant influence of power relations on the operations of a food bank, there is a shortage of evidence on the role of power relations among stakeholders in food banks, particularly in developing countries. Therefore, this paper delves into the power dynamics among actors in a food bank in a metropolitan region in Bolivia (Plurinational State) before and during the COVID-19 pandemic and their impact on the food sovereignty of the actors and the region. Our research was guided by an analytical framework based on Gaventa’s Power Cube and the definition of food sovereignty from the Declaration of Nyéléni. We employed rigorous qualitative research methods, including participatory observation and semi-structured in-depth interviews, over three months in an iterative process. Our findings reveal that power relations can enhance the food distributed by the food bank, but they can also limit the agency of actors, particularly the most vulnerable, such as women and children, leading to constraints in food access. These power relations were influenced by trust among actors, their motivations and needs, cultural and spiritual values, and their presence in social media.
Power relations in the co-creation of water policy in Bolivia: beyond the tyranny of participation
(Universidad Católica Boliviana "San Pablo"- IUC VLIR-UOS., 2022) Gruberg, Helga; Dessein, Joost; Benavides, Jean Paul; D’Haese, Marijkec
Integrated water management is complex and requires the participation of diverse actors to identify and implement transformative solutions. However, power relations can obstruct the more inclusive and equitable experiences of participatory approaches, hence limiting the empowerment of vulnerable groups. It is thus important to study how power relations are influenced by people’s interests, socio-political structures, and knowledge in the process of (co)creation of water policies. We use a case study in a rural municipality of Bolivia to address this issue. Qualitative data were collected between 2017 and 2020 and analysed using the elements of the Power Cube of Gaventa as the analytical framework. Results confirm that different factors influence power relations in the making of a water policy such as interests, access to information, habits, and customs. Actors use different forms, spaces, and levels of power to achieve their interests. Our results show the importance and need to analyse power relations prior, during and after the (co)creation of any public policy and to step away from linear and sectoral frameworks of policy development.
Retos y oportunidades del sector agroalimentario nacional y la crisis sanitaria del Covid - 19.
(2020) Catacora, Libertad; Gruberg, Helga; Cabrera Terrazas, José Martín; Benavides - López, Jean Paul
● La crisis del COVID 19 genera la posibilidad de analizar retos y oportunidades para fortalecer el sector de pequeños y medianos productores como proveedores de alimentos social y ambientalmente sostenibles. ● Diagnóstico de las debilidades del sector agroalimentario preexistentes y exacerbados frente a la crisis sanitaria por el COVID 19. ● Buenas prácticas sanitarias, mantenimiento de la cadena agroalimentaria y fortalecimiento del sistema agroalimentario sostenible.