Browsing by Autor "Iona Naismith"

Filter results by typing the first few letters
Now showing 1 - 4 of 4
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item type: Item ,
    Compassion-focused imagery reduces shame and is moderated by shame, self-reassurance and multisensory imagery vividness
    (PAGEPress (Italy), 2019) Iona Naismith; Camilo Duran Ferro; Gordon Ingram; William Jiménez‐Leal
    Compassion-focused imagery (CFI) is an emotion-regulation technique involving visualization of a person, animal or object offering one compassion, to generate feelings of safeness. It is proven to increase self-compassion and reduce negative affect. This study explores two hypotheses not previously investigated: i) which sensory modalities can stimulate compassionate affect; and ii) whether presentation of pictorial stimuli can enhance CFI. Additionally, we examine iii) whether CFI can reduce shame and iv) whether self-criticism inhibits CFI, since previous studies have involved small samples or methodological limitations. After completing measures of self-criticism, selfreassurance and imagery abilities in five sensory modalities, participants (n=160) were randomly assigned to look at compassionate images during CFI (visual input), compassionate images before CFI (priming), or abstract images (control). Participants trialled CFI then rated compassionate affect and completed open-response questions. Before and after CFI, participants recalled a shame-based memory and rated state shame. Correlational analyses explored whether self-criticism, self-reassurance, and multisensory imagery abilities moderated outcomes. CFI significantly reduced shame regarding a recalled memory, particularly for those high in shame. Compassionate affect was predicted by imagery vividness in visual and bodily-sensation modalities. Self-criticism predicted poorer CFI In multiple regressions, self-reassurance predicted poorer CFI outcomes but self-criticism did not. Between-group effects did not emerge. Qualitative data suggested that pictures helped some participants but hindered others. CFI is a promising technique for shame-prone clients, but may be challenging for those with low imagery abilities or unfamiliar with self-reassurance. Multiple senses should be engaged.
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item type: Item ,
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item type: Item ,
    Effects of Prolonged Exposure Therapy and Compassion-Focused Therapy on Interpersonal-Related Posttraumatic Stress Disorder in a Latinx Population: An Experimental Single-Case Study
    (Taylor & Francis, 2025) Mateo Bernal; Diana Acuña-Rojas; Verónica Márquez-Barraquer; J. M. Palacios; Iona Naismith; Amanda Muñoz-Martínez
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item type: Item ,
    Validation of the Hispanic American Version of the Plymouth Sensory Imagery Questionnaire (psi-q): A Culturally Adapted Measure of Multisensory Mental Imagery
    (National University of Colombia, 2023) Iona Naismith; William Jiménez‐Leal; Ashley Pople; Emily A. Holmes
    Mental imagery is increasingly recognized to play a key role in psychotherapy, education, and other domains. The Plymouth Sensory Imagery Questionnaire (psi-q) measures the vividness of mental imagery in seven modalities: vision, sound, smell, taste, touch, bodily sensations, and feelings. This study adapted the psi-q for Hispanic-American respondents in Colombia and explored moderators of imagery vividness. Study 1 validated the original psi-q (short version) in a sample of 292 Colombian university students. Study 2 developed and validated a cultural adaptation of the psi-q with 508 Colombian adults from the general population. The Vividness of Visual Imagery Questionnaire-2 (vviq-2) was used to analyze convergent validity in both samples. Thus we propose a new 29-item Hispanic-American version of the psi-q, adapted to cultural differences in the region, that displays good reliability and convergent validity. Imagery vividness was higher in females and at higher education levels. Higher cross-loadings between senses occurred in this sample, which may reflect cultural differences in somatization.