Browsing by Autor "Isaura Oberson Santander"

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Artificial intelligence, education and digital inclusion
(2025) Jhossmar Cristians Auza-Santiváñez; Nayra Condori-Villca; Isaura Oberson Santander; Luis Mariano Tecuatl Gómez; Laura Pamela Mamani Manzaneda; Adalid Rimer Condo-Gutierrez; Ariel Sosa Remón; Manashree Mane; José Alejandro Carías Díaz; Freddy Ednildon Bautista-Vanegas
Introduction: The rapid development of human scientific endeavor has enabled the implementation of increasingly automated systems that facilitate certain functions and processes in all spheres of life. Objective: To describe the application of artificial intelligence in education as a strategy to ensure digital inclusion. Method: A comprehensive literature review was conducted. The search was conducted in: SCielo, PubMed, and SCOPUS, repositories, and the Google Scholar search engine. The search strategy consisted of descriptors. 32 papers were used to develop this article. Development: AI provides significant tools, from the graphic representation of content in educational contexts to the creation of conceptual maps and the development of tests to validate acquired knowledge. However, its use must be urgent without losing the guiding and methodological thread, always recognizing that the goal is the acquisition of knowledge. Universities require projection at different scales to present their results for the sake of sociocultural and academic scientific development. With the implementation of AI, this outreach function can be fulfilled, guaranteeing direct and personalized access and promoting digital inclusion. Conclusions: The use of AI in educational subjects offers new platforms and work scenarios. Each of its capabilities adapts to the specifics of the educational environment, while also enhancing easy, affordable, and universal access to educational content.
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder: Advances in Epidemiology, Pathogenesis, and Neurobiology
(2025) Freddy Ednildon Bautista-Vanegas; Rodolfo R. Rosales; Ingrid Neysa Cabezas-Soliz; Daniel Ramiro Elías Vallejos-Rejas; Carmen Julia Salvatierra Rocha; Jhossmar Cristians Auza-Santiváñez; L. Castedo; Delly Espejo-Alanoca; Isaura Oberson Santander
Introduction. ADHD is a neurodevelopmental condition that affects approximately 5-7% of children and adolescents and persists in a significant number of cases into adulthood, with an estimated prevalence of 2.5% in adults globally. The impact goes far beyond school or work performance; it is associated with an increased risk of accidents, risky behaviors, comorbid disorders such as anxiety, depression, substance use disorders, and a significant reduction in quality of life. Methods. A search was conducted in the databases SciELO, Scopus, PubMed/MedLine, Google Scholar, Cochrane Library, as well as Clinical Keys services. The search terms for the search formulation were "ADHD", "Attention Deficit Disorder", "Hyperactivity", "depression", "autism spectrum", "anxiety", as well as their translations into English. Results. The reported prevalence of ADHD in children ranges from 2 to 18 percent depending on the diagnostic criteria and the population studied. The prevalence in school-aged children is estimated to be between 9 and 15 percent, making it one of the most common childhood disorders. Possible etiological factors include comorbid disorders, oppositional defiant disorder, conduct disorder, anxiety disorder, depression, developmental coordination disorder, autism spectrum disorder, and sleep disorders. Conclusion: ADHD constitutes a complex neurodevelopmental condition whose impact transcends clinical boundaries to become a multifaceted challenge for public health, neuroscience, and social justice.
Bibliographic review on the application of biomaterials in neurological disorders
(2025) Jhossmar Cristians Auza-Santiváñez; Freddy Ednildon Bautista-Vanegas; José Alejandro Carías Díaz; Blas Apaza-Huanca; Ariel Sosa Remón; Adalid Rimer Condo-Gutierrez; Laura Pamela Mamani Manzaneda; Luis Mariano Tecuatl Gómez; Isaura Oberson Santander; Nayra Condori-Villca
Introduction: the process of endogenous neurogenesis is not capable of replenishing lost cells after an injury that can result in massive cell loss. Biomaterials are being developed to mimic the brain’s extracellular matrix, providing scaffolds that promote tissue repair and regeneration. The objective was to characterize the application of biomaterials in neurological affections.Methods: a literature review was conducted, where 20 articles in English and Spanish were selected, published in the last five years on the subject, in databases such as: Scopus, PubMed, Springer.Results: biomaterials play an essential role in the human body by serving as artificial substitutes or implants that interact with living tissues, organs, and bodily fluids. Emerging approaches, including stem cell therapy, biomaterials, immune cell therapy, and exosome-based treatments, show promise in modulating the inflammatory response while avoiding broad suppression of immune function. With that in mind, researchers are exploring how these materials could help repair nerve damage once thought to be permanent, boost brain function, and play a key role in fields like neuro-oncology and neuro-rehabilitation. Conclusions: biomaterials enable safe contact with living tissue and offer promise in neuroscience. Research is still needed to address ethics and ensure safe use.
Bolivian scientific production in social sciences
(Grupo de Investigación “Nodo Educativo” / Red Universitaria de Tecnología Educativa (RUTE), 2024) Jhossmar Cristians Auza-Santiváñez; Nayra Condori-Villca; Isaura Oberson Santander; Daniel Ramiro Elías Vallejos-Rejas; Renan Condori-Aduviri; Germán José Martín Rico Ramallo; Aarón Eduardo Carvajal-Tapia
Introduction: The social sciences comprise a broad field of scientific endeavor. They involve specialties whose center of work is man, the dynamics of the environment and the environment and its influence on it.Objective: describe Bolivian scientific production in social sciencesMethod: an observational, descriptive bibliometric research was developed. A total of 1,043 investigations were worked on. Variables: number of articles (Nodoc), year of publication of the research, typology or modality of the works, journals where they were published, quartiles by journal, collaboration networks and correlation of terms. Descriptive statistics and bibliometric indicators were applied.Results: a predominance of the year 2021 was seen. The typology of original or research article predominated with 784 works for 75.17%. The research published in the American Journal of Human Biology stood out with 32 works (3.06%). 7 clusters of collaboration between countries and 4 clusters of correlation of terms were identified.Conclusions: Bolivarian scientific production on the social sciences showed a pattern of gradual and ascending growth. The center of the studies focused on articles with results; framed in high impact magazines. At the same time, there is extensive international collaboration covering dissimilar research topics.
Improvements in functionality and quality of life after aquatic therapy in stroke survivors
(2023) Jhossmar Cristians Auza-Santiváñez; Nayra Condori-Villca; Isaura Oberson Santander; Luis Mariano Tecuatl Gómez; Laura Pamela Mamani Manzaneda; Adalid Rimer Condo-Gutierrez; Ariel Sosa Remón; Blas Apaza-Huanca; José Alejandro Carías Díaz; Amira Guisel Lopez-Quispe
The paper discusses the vital importance of water in living beings and its application in hydrotherapy for the rehabilitation of stroke patients. Water is highlighted as an essential molecule for life, support of metabolic reactions, transport of substances, and important reactant in metabolic processes. Hydrotherapy, significantly developed by Kneipp, uses the mechanical and thermal properties of water for therapeutic purposes, taking advantage of its capacity as a rehabilitative medium in patients with various conditions, including those affected by stroke. The physiology of stroke is described, being a major cause of mortality and disability, and how water exercises can improve the functional capacity and quality of life of these patients. Hydrotherapy is presented as a beneficial therapeutic option, based on the unique properties of water, for the treatment and rehabilitation of stroke patients, highlighting its potential to improve the mobility and quality of life of those affected.
Overweight, Obesity and High Blood Pressure: Early Atherogenic Signs in Children Aged 3 to 7 Years
(2025) Jhossmar Cristians Auza-Santiváñez; Freddy Ednildon Bautista-Vanegas; Ingrid Neysa Cabezas-Soliz; Henrry Temis Quisbert Vasquez; Yenifer Zelaya-Espinoza; Jorge Márquez-Molina; Delly Espejo-Alanoca; Paola Kattya Barrientos Lujan; Isaura Oberson Santander
Introduction: Human atherosclerosis has been considered for centuries as one of the greatest predators of health, its distribution on the planet is so wide that it overwhelmingly surpasses any other pathological process and reaches epidemic proportions, both in economically developed populations and in the process of becoming so.Objective: To identify the presence of overweight, obesity and arterial hypertension as early signs of atherosclerosis in children aged 3-7 years.Methods: A descriptive-analytical cross-sectional epidemiological study was carried out in 5 clinics of the "19 de abril" University Polyclinic, in the Plaza de la Revolución municipality, Havana City, during the period 2022-2023. The sample consisted of 152 children aged 3 to 7 years who met the inclusion criteria. The data were collected using the new model (AtecomR) and stored in an automated database in Microsoft Access. Statistical processing was performed using the SPSS statistical package, through a Toshiba Intel (R) Pentium IV microprocessor.Conclusion: This study constitutes a preamble for other investigations that address the problem of cardiovascular disease from the perspective of intrauterine life. The results have provided certain evidence, which, together with a review of the literature, has allowed us to propose the following conclusions. A high frequency of obesity, overweight and high blood pressure levels was identified in the study population. It was observed that in the obese and overweight group they had a tendency to increase with age, being higher their frequency between five and six years respectively. It was shown that overweight and obesity in children were factors for the presence of alterations in blood pressure.
Structural and functional disorders in children’s feet, motor development, and preventive approaches in early life
(2025) Jhossmar Cristians Auza-Santiváñez; Freddy Ednildon Bautista-Vanegas; José Alejandro Carías Díaz; Blas Apaza-Huanca; Ariel Sosa Remón; Adalid Rimer Condo-Gutierrez; Laura Pamela Mamani Manzaneda; Luis Mariano Tecuatl Gómez; Isaura Oberson Santander; Nayra Condori-Villca
Pediatric podiatry addresses structural and functional disorders of the foot in children (0-18 years), which are crucial for motor and postural development and overall health. Children's feet, which are constantly evolving until the age of 14, have tissue plasticity that favors early corrections but also makes them vulnerable to deformities such as flexible flat feet (physiological in infants, resolves spontaneously in >90% of cases), clubfoot (requires early Ponseti method), and adducted metatarsus (90% spontaneous resolution in flexible cases). . Gait abnormalities (intra/extraversion, idiopathic toe walking) are usually normal transient variants. Early detection is vital: persistent pain, limping, visible deformities, or asymmetrical shoe wear require evaluation. Diagnosis combines physical examination (toe walking test, alignment analysis) and imaging (X-ray, MRI) to differentiate physiological variants from pathologies (e.g., tarsal coalition in rigid flatfoot). Key preventive strategies include the use of appropriate footwear, motor stimulation, and good postural/hygienic habits. Multidisciplinary intervention (podiatrist, orthopedist, physical therapist) should take advantage of the window of childhood plasticity (<7 years), prioritizing conservative approaches (orthotics, exercises) over surgical ones. Annual checkups starting at 3-4 years of age optimize prognoses and prevent complications in adulthood.