Browsing by Autor "J Coudert"

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Comparison of cisternal and lumbar cerebrospinal fluid pH in high altitude natives
(Springer Science+Business Media, 1975) M. C. Blayo; J Coudert; J J Pocidalo
Effect of anthropometric characteristics and socio-economic status on physical performances of pre-pubertal children living in Bolivia at low altitude
(Springer Science+Business Media, 1996) Róbert de Jonge; M. Bedu; Nicole Fellmann; Stéphen Blonc; Hilde Spielvogel; J Coudert
Effect of anthropometric characteristics and socio-economic status on physical performances of pre-pubertal children living in Bolivia at low altitude
(Springer Science+Business Media, 1996) Róbert de Jonge; M. Bedu; Nicole Fellmann; Stéphen Blonc; Hilde Spielvogel; J Coudert
Effect of High Altitude on Protein Metabolism in Bolivian Children
(Mary Ann Liebert, Inc., 2002) José Luís San Miguel; Hilde Spielvogel; Jacques Berger; Mauricio Araoz; C. Lujan; Wilma Téllez; Esperanza Cáceres; Pierre Gachon; J Coudert; B. Beaufrère
In Bolivia, malnutrition in children is a major health problem that may be caused by inadequate protein, energy, and micronutrient intake; exposure to bacterial and parasitic infections; and life in a multistress environment (high altitude, cold, cosmic radiation, low ambient humidity). However, no data on protein absorption and utilization at high altitude were available. Therefore, we evaluated the effect of altitude on protein metabolism in Bolivian children. We measured protein utilization using leucine labeled with a stable isotope ((13)C) in two groups of healthy prepubertal children matched for age. Group 1 (n = 10) was examined at high altitude (HA) in La Paz (3600 m), and group 2 (n = 10) at low altitude (LA) in Santa Cruz (420 m). The nutritional status did not differ between groups but, as was to be expected, the HA group had higher hemoglobin concentration than the LA group. The children consumed casein that was intrinsically labeled with L-(1-(13)C) leucine and expired (13)CO(2) was analyzed. Samples of expired air were measured by isotope ratio mass spectrometer in Clermont-Ferrand. It was found that cumulative leucine oxidation ((13)CO(2)) at 300 min after ingestion was 19.7 +/- 4.9% at HA and 25.2 +/- 3.2% at LA. These results showed that protein absorption and/or utilization is significantly affected by altitude.
Effects of Hypoxia and Hyperoxia of Short Duration on the Pulmonary Circulation of Highlanders (HL) and Lowlanders (LL) Living at 3,750 m
(2015) J Coudert; M Paz-Zamora; G Antezana; Enrique Vargas; L. Brian�on
Evaluation of physical fitness from field tests at high altitude in circumpubertal boys: comparison with laboratory data
(Springer Science+Business Media, 1994) G. Falgairette; M. Bedu; Nicole Fellmann; Hilde Spielvogel; Emmanuel Van Praagh; Philippe Obert; J Coudert
Expression of lactate dehydrogenase A and B genes in different tissues of rats adapted to chronic hypobaric hypoxia
(Wiley, 2003) Fabrice Rossignol; Magali Solares; Elfride Balanza; J Coudert; Eric Clottes
Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) is a tetramer made up of two different subunits A and B. In cellular models, severe hypoxia increases LDH A gene expression whereas LDH B gene does not exhibit any regulation. The aim of our work was to characterise LDH expression in different tissues of rats bred at high altitude. For this purpose, we chose a Sprague-Dawley rat strain adapted to chronic hypoxia in La Paz (3700 m), Bolivia. Two normoxic control groups were bred at low altitude in Clermont-Ferrand (350 m), France, one group was ad libitum with free access to food and water as was the hypoxic one, and the second normoxic group was nourished with the food intakes measured for the animals from La Paz. We measured total LDH specific activity, isoform distribution and LDH A and B mRNA amounts in three skeletal muscles (soleus, extensor digitorum longus (EDL), plantaris), heart and brain. Our study demonstrates that, unlike what has been shown in cellular models under severe hypoxia, LDH A gene is not systematically up-regulated in tissues of rats living at high altitude. Furthermore, chronic hypoxia limits LDH B gene transcription or its mRNA stability in both soleus and EDL. These regulations occur at various molecular levels like gene transcription, mRNA stabilisation or translation and protein stability, depending on the tissue studied, and are partly attributed to caloric restriction provoked by high altitude. These data provide insight into LDH gene expression underlying the diverse and complex tissue-specific response to chronic hypoxia.
General Conclusions from the Study on 10- to 12-Year-Old Bolivian Boys and Suggestions for Future Research
(Thieme Medical Publishers (Germany), 1994) Han C. G. Kemper; J Coudert; José Luís San Miguel
Habitual Physical Activity in 10- to 12-Year-Old Bolivian Boys
(Thieme Medical Publishers (Germany), 1994) J. Slooten; Han C. G. Kemper; G.B. Post; C. Lujan; J Coudert
This study describes habitual physical activity (HPA) of Bolivian boys living at different altitudes and from different socioeconomic status. The boys were living at high altitude (HA) in La Paz (4000 m) and at low altitude (LA) in Santa Cruz (400 m). At both altitudes samples of 10- to 12-year-old boys were chosen from a relatively low socioeconomic status (LSES) and a relatively high socioeconomic status (HSES). At HA 19 boys from LSES and 10 boys from HSES were measured and at LA 14 boys from LSES and 13 boys from HSES. HPA was measured by 24-h heart rate (HR) monitoring. Also an interview was completed to recall the HPA. By comparing the registered HR data with the time they were asleep the mean HR during sleep was calculated (HRsleep). The maximal HR (HRmax) was measured from a maximal exercise test on a bicycle ergometer. Heart rate reserve (HRR = HRmax-HRsleep) was used to measure the mean level of physical activity of the subjects. The results show that HRsleep (= HRrest) in HA boys with 70 (+/- 6) beats/min was significantly lower (p < 0.05) than in LA boys with 77 (+/- 10) beats/min. HRmax was also significantly lower (p < 0.05) in HA boys (187 +/- 12 beats/min) compared to LA boys (195 +/- 8 beats/min). Because HA influences HRsleep and HRmax in the same way, HRR is not significantly different between boys of HA and LA. The mean heart rate over 24 h (HRmean) in HA boys (87 +/- 7 beats/min) was significantly lower than in LA boys (93 +/- 8 beats/min).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
La Circulation Cutan�e au Cours de l'Adaptation � l'Altitude
(Springer Science+Business Media, 1969) J.P. Martineaud; J. Durand; J Coudert; S. Seroussi
Le Magnèsium Érythrocytaire Et Plasmatique Des Populations Amerindiennes Du Corridor Interandin
(Taylor & Francis, 1972) J. G. Henrotte; H. Constans; J. Constans; F. Bisseliches; J Coudert
Regional Distribution of Pulmonary Blood Flow in Normal High-Altitude Dwellers at 3,650 m (12,200 ft)
(Karger Publishers, 1975) J Coudert; M Paz-Zamora; L. Barragán; L Briançon; Hilde Spielvogel; L. Cudkowicz
Simultaneous isotope dilution curves were recorded from the right upper (QRUZ) and right lower lung zones (QRLZ) by surface scanning in the sitting and recumbent positions in 15 normal high-altitude-born (HAD) males and in 1 HAD female as well as from 3 male newcomers, using 10 muCi of 131I-HSA as a bolus injection into the right ventricle. Similar information was also obtained at sea level from 5 normal males. The mean percent distribution of total pulmonary blood flow (Q) to RUZ and RLZ in the two body postures indicate (1) that in the vertical position RUZ in males receives about 17% of Q regardless of altitude and elevation in mean pulmonary artery pressure (MPAP) in HAD of 8.6 mm Hg above that extant at sea level; (2) recumbency at high altitude showed QRUZ also to be lower than at sea level; (3) elevation in MPAP at altitude has no significant effect on changing the sea-level distribution pattern of pulmonary blood flow.
The regional distribution of pulmonary blood flow in normal high altitude dwellers at 3650 m (12,200 ft) and in chronic mountain sickness
(Elsevier BV, 1977) L. Cudkowicz; J Coudert; M Paz-Zamora; L. Barragán; L Briançon; Hilde Spielvogel; Nicanor Machicao; Magda Karina López Saldaña