Browsing by Autor "J. Salazar"

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    Factores sociodemográficos y socioculturales que influyen en la donación de sangre en el Perú: resultados de una encuesta nacional, 2022
    (2024) Juan Antonio Almeyda Alcántara; José Fuentes-Rivera; Jacklyn Karen Torres Lopez; J. Salazar; L E Machado; Luis Pampa-Espinoza; Alex Celada Padilla; José Carlos Bustamante Guevara; Segundo Jackier Gendrau Acho; Rosemary Fernández Fuentes
    Introducción: Los factores sociodemográficos y socioculturales influyen en la donación de sangre en diversos países, nuestro objetivo de estudio fue determinar cuáles son los factores que influyen en la donación de sangre en el Perú. El estudio: Se realizó un estudio observacional, transversal en personas entre 18 a 60 años a nivel nacional, se analizaron los datos mediante SPSS v.20 Hallazgos: La muestra de estudio fue de 739 personas, el 50,4% hombres; se determinó que hay buen conocimiento acerca de la donación de sangre con un porcentaje mayor al 50% de preguntas contestadas correctamente, así mismo existe una actitud positiva frente a la donación de sangre Conclusiones: Los factores socioculturales que influyen en la donación de sangre es el desconocimiento, un 40% de los participantes desconoce los requisitos básicos para ser donante de sangre, otro factor es la falsa creencia. al estar tomando medicamentos no se puede donar sangre (47%).
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    Tracer hydrology of the data-scarce and heterogeneous Central American Isthmus
    (2019) Ricardo Sánchez‐Murillo; Germain Esquivel Hern ndez; J. Salazar; Laura Castro Chac n; Ana Dur n Quesada; Manuel Guerrero Hern ndez; Valeria Delgado; Javier Antonio Barberena Moncada; Katia Montenegro Rayo; Heyddy Calderón
    Numerous socio-economic activities depend on the seasonal rainfall and groundwater recharge cycle across the Central American Isthmus. Population growth and unregulated land use changes resulted in extensive surface water pollution and a large dependency on groundwater resources. This work combines stable isotope variations in rainfall, surface water, and groundwater of Costa Rica, Nicaragua, El Salvador, and Honduras to develop a regionalized rainfall isoscape, isotopic lapse rates, spatial-temporal isotopic variations, and air mass back trajectories determining potential mean recharge elevations, moisture circulation patterns, and surface water-groundwater interactions. Intra-seasonal rainfall modes resulted in two isotopically depleted incursions (W-shaped isotopic pattern) during the wet season and two enriched pulses during the Mid-Summer Drought and the months of the strongest trade winds. Notable isotopic sub-cloud fractionation and near-surface secondary evaporation were identified as common denominators within the Central American Dry Corridor. Groundwater and surface water isotope ratios depicted the strong orographic separation into the Caribbean and Pacific domains, mainly induced by the governing moisture transport from the Caribbean Sea, complex rainfall producing systems across the N-S mountain range, and the subsequent mixing with local evapotranspiration, and, to a lesser degree, the eastern Pacific Ocean fluxes. Groundwater recharge was characterized by a) depleted recharge in highland areas (72.3%), b) rapid recharge via preferential flow paths (13.1%), and enriched recharge due to near-surface secondary fractionation (14.6%). Median recharge elevation ranged from 1,104 to 1,979 m asl. These results are intended to enhance forest conservation practices, inform water protection regulations, and facilitate water security and sustainability planning in the Central American Isthmus.