Browsing by Autor "Jhean-Carla Echalar"

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    Age-related anomalies of electrocardiograms in patients from areas with differential Seroprevalence of Chagas disease in Southern Bolivia
    (Elsevier BV, 2021) Jhean-Carla Echalar; David Véliz; Omar N. Urquizo; Hermann M. Niemeyer; Carlos F. Pinto
    Higher seroprevalence in rural population was attributable to a higher probability to encounter the vector in rural areas. Increased exposure to infection and to development of the disease symptoms together with increased lethality of the disease as patients age explains the age-related Chagasic electrocardiographic anomalies. Since rural and urban populations showed different reactions under Chagas disease and the rural population was mainly of guaraní stock, the genetic and environmental determinants of the results should be further explored.
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    Smoke of Capsicum baccatumL. var. baccatum (Solanaceae) repels nymphs of Triatoma infestans(Klug) (Hemiptera: Reduviidae)
    (University of Santiago, 2021) Jhean-Carla Echalar; Romina Cossio‐Rodríguez; David Véliz; Fabricio Cardozo-Alarcón; Hermann M. Niemeyer; Carlos F. Pinto; Fabricio Cardozo-Alarcon; Universidad Mayor Real y Pontificia de San Francisco Xavier de Chuquisaca; Hermann M. Niemeyer; Universidad de Chile
    Control of the Chagas disease vector, Triatoma infestans(Klug) (Hemiptera: Reduviidae) with synthetic pesticides in Bolivia has become increasingly inefficient due to the development of resistance in the insects. In the Chaco region of Bolivia, guaraní populations have approached the problem by fumigating their houses with the smoke of native plants. Through interviews and field work with local guides, the main plant used by the guaraníes was collected and later identified as Capsicum baccatumL. var. baccatum(Solanaceae). In choice bioassays, filter papers exposed to the smoke of the plant repelled nymphs of T. infestans. Activity remained significant after storing the exposed filter papers for 9 days. Chemical analysis of smoke and literature data suggested that capsaicinoids present in the smoke were responsible for the repellent effect. The data presented provide a rationale for the use of C. baccatumvar. baccatumto control the Chagas vector bythe guaraní populations.