Browsing by Autor "Joselyn Rojas"

Now showing 1 - 6 of 6

3D ultrasound in cardiology
(2004) Antonio Bravo; Miguel Vera; Delia Madriz; Julio Contreras-Velásquez; José Chacón; Sandra Wilches-Durán; Modesto Graterol-Rivas; Daniela Riaño-Wilches; Joselyn Rojas; Valmore Bermúdez
Cardiovascular imaging analysis is a useful tool for the diagnosis, treatment and monitoring of cardiovascular diseases. Imaging techniques allow non-invasive quantitative assessment of cardiac function, providing morphological, functional and dynamic information. Recent technological advances in ultrasound have made it possible to improve the quality of patient treatment, thanks to the use of modern image processing and analysis techniques. However, the acquisition of these dynamic three-dimensional (3D) images leads to the production of large volumes of data to process, from which cardiac structures must be extracted and analyzed during the cardiac cycle. Extraction, three-dimensional visualization, and qualiﬁcation tools are currently used within the clinical routine, but unfortunately require significant interaction with the physician. These elements justify the development of new efficient and robust algorithms for structure extraction and cardiac motion estimation from three-dimensional images. As a result, making available to clinicians new means to accurately assess cardiac anatomy and function from three-dimensional images represents a definite advance in the investigation of a complete description of the heart from a single examination. The aim of this article is to show what advances have been made in 3D cardiac imaging by ultrasound and additionally to observe which areas have been studied under this imaging modality.
Anisakidosis, inflamación e hipersensibilidad
(Universidad Internacional de La Rioja, 2012) Guillermo Terán‐Ángel; Joselyn Rojas
Anisakidosis is a disease produced by Anisakidae parasite family. The parasitical infection is acquired by the ingestion of raw\nor deficiently cooked fish. It�s primarily associated with the consumption of sushi, sashimi and cebiche; and given the rising\npopularity of these dishes worldwide, Anisakidosis represents a growing public health problem. In this review we discuss\nsome parasitological, immunological and clinical aspects related to infection by parasites of the genus Anisakis simplex y\nPseudoterranova decipiens, causative agents of Anisakidosis. Synoptically may be highlighted that, symptoms associated\nwith the infection are the result of the local inflammatory reaction when the parasite attaches itself to the intestinal wall.\nHumans can be exposed to the antigens through several sources: as products of excretion / secretion of live larvae or\nsomatic and cuticle antigens from the dead nematodes or disintegrated in food. Anisakidosis can be presented in two\ncharacteristic clinical syndromes: intestinal and allergic. Mucosal penetration induces an eosinophilic inflammation. These\nclinical manifestations can be mistaken with acute appendicitis, peptic ulcer, intestinal obstruction, and even Crohn´s\ndisease. On the other hand, the antigens can induce an immediate inflammatory reaction, which is associated with specific\nand total IgE elevation, and a dominant TH2 response.
Inflamasomas – atacando al enemigo desde adentro
(2012) Joselyn Rojas
Los inflamasomas son un grupo de proteínas que participan en el sistema de detección y erradicación intracelular, siendo un aspecto fundamental del sistema inmune innato. Las proteínas involucradas pertenecen a la familia de proteínas CATERPILLER las cuales contienen un dominio de reclutamiento de caspasas, pirina, dominio de unión a nucleótidos y repeticiones de leucina. Actualmente, hay 4 tipos de inflamasomas descritos y se han considerado parte de un abanico de eventos dentro del fenómeno de defensa: a) NLRP1 el cual activa a Caspasa-1 y Caspasa-5; b) NLRC4, acoplado a NAIP5 para la activación de Caspasa-1; c) NLRP3, el inflamasoma prototipo, el cual produce Caspasa-1; y d) AIM2, funcionando como sensor de ADN. La siguiente revisión discute la información más reciente de los subtipos de inflamasomas, su influencia en la polarización de la respuesta inmune y su participación en la patogenia de enfermedades metabólicas como diabetes y aterosclerosis. Inflammasomes – Fighting the enemy from within Abstract The inflammasomes are a group of proteins that participate in the intracellular detection and eradication system, being an important piece in the innate immune system. The proteins involved belong to the CATERPILLER family of proteins which contain a caspase recruiting domain, pyrin, a nucleotide binding domain and leucine repeats. Currently, 4 types of inflammasomes are described and are part of an array of events within the defense phenomena: a) the NLRP1 which activates Caspase-1 and Caspase-5; b) NLRC4, that coupled with NAIP5 relates to Caspase-1 activation; c) NLRP3, the prototype inflammasomes, which produces Caspase-1; and d) AIM2 that functions as a DNA sensor. The following review discusses the current information regarding each subtype of inflammasomes, its influence in the immune response and their role in the pathogenesis of metabolic diseases like diabetes and atherosclerosis.
Papel de las universidades en la promoción de la investigación en los estudiantes de pregrado
(Universidad de Los Andes, 2013) Joselyn Rojas; C Luisa Barboza
Patrón de immunoblotting y niveles de anticuerpos anti-Toxoplasma gondii en suero y humor acuoso de pacientes con lesiones de toxoplasmosis ocular
(Universidad Internacional de La Rioja, 2013) Morella Bouchard; D León de Bracho; Nacarid Alfonzo; Joselyn Rojas; María Isabel Vargas Gómez; María Gladys Bottaro
The purpose of this study was to analize the anti-Toxoplasma gondii antibodies levels in serum and aqueous humor samples in patients with ocular toxoplasmosis by using Goldman and Witmer Coefficient (GWC) and the parasite antigen recognition pattern by immunoblotting (IB) in positive serology patients with or without ocular toxoplasmosis lesions. Serum and aqueous humor samples were simultaneously collected from 26 patients: a group of patients with ocular toxoplasmosis retinal lesions in active and inactive phase (n=17) and a control group that required ocular surgery because of cataract (n=9). IgM and IgG level tests were determined by immunocapture and indirect ELISA respectively, Radial immunodiffusion and immunoblotting. Radial immunodiffusion was used for quantification of total IgG, CGW > 2 indicated the local specific antibodies production in 12/17 patients, whereas in the control group none was observed. The GWC showed 71% sensitivity and 100% specificity. By IB test, the detection of two bands in aquous humor indicated a local specific antibodies production which were observed in 11/17 patients and 1/9 controls showing 65% sensibility and 89% specificity. By considering both tests the sensibility increased to 73% and the specificity decreased to 89%. In conclusion, the IB technique can be used as a complementary test to GWC, especially in patients with atypical lesions that lead to unclear clinical diagnosis
Purificación de fibroblastos gingivales a partir de tejido de la mucosa bucal
(Universidad Internacional de La Rioja, 2012) Karla Padrón; Siham Salmen; Lisbeth Berrueta; E. González González; Lorena Dávila; Joselyn Rojas; Lisbeth Sosa; Daniela Olávez; Eduvigis Solórzano
Fibroblasts are widely used in regenerative medicine, as key elements in the restoration of the gingival tissue and facial\ntreatments. The aim of this study was to standardize in our laboratory a method to obtain highly pure fibroblasts from\ngingival tissue. In order to do that, cells were mechanically disaggregated from gingival tissue and separated by ficoll\nhypaque density gradients. This procedure was performed several times yielding an enriched culture of adherent cells,\nwhere 51% resulted positive for the fibroblast marker ER-TR7. Our results indicate that the method used, allow to obtain\nfibroblasts from gingival tissue; cells with great potential in the field of regenerative medicine and it represents, in our\ncommunity, the first step to implement therapeutic strategies that will allow the restoration of damaged tissues,\nparticularly in the oral mucosa.