Browsing by Autor "Juan Fernando Reyes"

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Crossing boundaries for environmental science and management: combining interdisciplinary, interorganizational and international collaboration
(Cambridge University Press, 2010) Stephen G. Perz; Silvia Brilhante; Foster Brown; Andrea Chávez Michaelsen; Elsa Mendoza; Veronica Passos; Raul Pinedo; Juan Fernando Reyes; Daniel Rojas; Galia Selaya
SUMMARY Literature on environmental science and management endorses crossing boundaries between disciplines, types of organizations and countries for environmental conservation. A literature review on interdisciplinarity, interorganizational networks and international cooperation highlights their justifying rationales and strategic practices. Crossing boundaries implies substantial challenges to managing collaboration itself, notably politics and uncertainty. Challenges to collaboration become compounded when crossing multiple boundaries simultaneously, here illustrated using the case of three projects in the south-western Amazon. Strategic practices such as net brokering and organizational courtships are highly important when crossing multiple boundaries. There are important commonalities in strategic practices for crossing different boundaries, such as recognizing grievances to manage politics, constituting functional redundancies in networks to manage uncertainty and non-aligned collaboration to manage both difficulties.
RELATOS DE EXPERIÊNCIAS DOS PROJETOS DE PESQUISA MAP-FIRE E ACRE-QUEIMADAS: DIAGNÓSTICO E PERSPECTIVAS DE MITIGAÇÃO ENVOLVENDO A SOCIEDADE PARA REDUÇÃO DO RISCO E DE IMPACTOS ASSOCIADOS A INCÊNDIOS FLORESTAIS
(2020) Liana O. Anderson; Gleiciane Pismel; Yara Araújo Pereira de Paula; Galia Selaya; João Reis; Eddy M. Rojas; Guillermo Rioja-Ballivián; Juan Fernando Reyes; Víctor Marchezini; Foster Brown
Neste relato de experiências trazemos uma breve revisão da literatura, em sua maioria de artigos e relatórios técnicos produzidos pelos projetos de Pesquisa MAP-FIRE e Acre-Queimadas sobre a ocorrência e impactos de incêndios florestais na Amazônia, com detalhamento para a região MAP (Madre de Dios - Peru, Acre – Brasil e Pando-Bolívia). Os incêndios em áreas de agropecuária ou de floresta trazem impactos socioeconômicos e ambientais, e vem aumentando sua ocorrência nos últimos anos, sendo intensificadas em anos em que há seca extrema ou flexibilização da fiscalização. Enquadra-se nesse último caso o ano de 2019, em que se observou no Estado do Acre um aumento de 80% da área queimada em relação ao ano anterior, impactando a qualidade do ar por mais de 30 dias em alguns municípios. Para entendermos como prevenir ou mitigar as consequências a ocorrência de tais eventos, é necessário realizar um diagnóstico da governança, envolvendo as comunidades locais. Estas, uma vez incluídas na elaboração de planos estratégicos para monitorar, mitigar e combater as queimadas e incêndios florestais terão sua vulnerabilidade reduzida e sua capacidade de autoproteção aumentada. Para isso, o diálogo entre ciência e sociedade é imprescindível. Convidamos o leitor interessado em participar do projeto a entrar em contato com os autores.
Road building, land use and climate change: prospects for environmental governance in the Amazon
(Royal Society, 2008) Stephen G. Perz; Silvia Brilhante; Foster Brown; Marcellus M. Caldas; Santos Ikeda; Elsa Mendoza; Christine Overdevest; Vera Reis; Juan Fernando Reyes; Daniel Rojas
Some coupled land-climate models predict a dieback of Amazon forest during the twenty-first century due to climate change, but human land use in the region has already reduced the forest cover. The causation behind land use is complex, and includes economic, institutional, political and demographic factors. Pre-eminent among these factors is road building, which facilitates human access to natural resources that beget forest fragmentation. While official government road projects have received considerable attention, unofficial road building by interest groups is expanding more rapidly, especially where official roads are being paved, yielding highly fragmented forest mosaics. Effective governance of natural resources in the Amazon requires a combination of state oversight and community participation in a 'hybrid' model of governance. The MAP Initiative in the southwestern Amazon provides an example of an innovative hybrid approach to environmental governance. It embodies a polycentric structure that includes government agencies, NGOs, universities and communities in a planning process that links scientific data to public deliberations in order to mitigate the effects of new infrastructure and climate change.