Browsing by Autor "Juan Ugarte"

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    Effect of <i>EGLN1</i> Genetic Polymorphisms on Hemoglobin Concentration in Andean Highlanders
    (Hindawi Publishing Corporation, 2020) Yoshiki Yasukochi; Takayuki Nishimura; Juan Ugarte; Mayumi Ohnishi; Mika Nishihara; Guillermo Álvarez; Hideki Fukuda; Victor Mendoza; Kiyoshi Aoyagi
    The physiological characteristics of Andean natives living at high altitudes have been investigated extensively, with many studies reporting that Andean highlanders have a higher hemoglobin (Hb) concentration than other highlander populations. It has previously been reported that positive natural selection has acted independently on the egl-9 family hypoxia inducible factor 1 (<i>EGLN1</i>) gene in Tibetan and Andean highlanders and is related to Hb concentration in Tibetans. However, no study has yet revealed the genetic determinants of Hb concentration in Andeans even though several single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in <i>EGLN1</i> have previously been examined. Therefore, we explored the relationship between hematological measurements and tag SNPs designed to cover the whole <i>EGLN1</i> genomic region in Andean highlanders living in Bolivia. Our findings indicated that haplotype frequencies estimated from the <i>EGLN1</i> SNPs were significantly correlated with Hb concentration in the Bolivian highlanders. Moreover, we found that an Andean-dominant haplotype related to high Hb level may have expanded rapidly in ancestral Andean highlander populations. Analysis of genotype data in an ~436.3 kb genomic region containing <i>EGLN1</i> using public databases indicated that the population structure based on <i>EGLN1</i> genetic markers in Andean highlanders was largely different from that in other human populations. This finding may be related to an intrinsic or adaptive physiological characteristic of Andean highlanders. In conclusion, the high Hb concentrations in Andean highlanders can be partly characterized by <i>EGLN1</i> genetic variants.
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    Individual variations and sex differences in hemodynamics with percutaneous arterial oxygen saturation (SpO2) in young Andean highlanders in Bolivia
    (BioMed Central, 2020) Takayuki Nishimura; Juan Ugarte; Mayumi Ohnishi; Mika Nishihara; Guillermo Álvarez; Yoshiki Yasukochi; Hideki Fukuda; Kazuhiko Arima; Shigeki Watanuki; Victor Mendoza
    Random plots of SpO<sub>2</sub> on residual analysis indicated that these variations were random error, such as biological variation. A higher SpO<sub>2</sub> was related to a lower heart rate and finger temperature in men, but a higher SpO<sub>2</sub> was related to finger temperature in women. These results suggest that there are individual variations and sex differences in the hemodynamic responses of high-altitude adaptation in Andean highlanders.