Browsing by Autor "Juan Vicente Delgado Bermejo"

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Design of a village breeding programme for a llama population in the High Andes of Bolivia
(Wiley, 2008) María Wurzinger; A. Willam; Juan Vicente Delgado Bermejo; M. Nürnberg; A. Valle Zárate; A. Stemmer; Giorgia D. Ugarte; Johann Sölkner
No national breeding programme for llamas is in place in Bolivia. Initiatives for genetic improvement are rarely found and are usually carried out by NGOs working in rural development or improvement of livestock production or research stations. Farmers in the Province of Ayopaya in the District of Cochabamba have formed a breeders' organization with the aim of improving fibre production. In this study, a detailed outline of a breeding programme with a focus on organizational and technical details is described. Facing constraints like illiteracy of farmers, bad infrastructure and lack of finances, a simple breeding programme is set up. The breeding goal is a higher fleece weight while keeping the fleece quality at the current high level. Greasy fleece weight and fibre diameter are identified as main selection criteria. Mass selection of males is carried out. Selected males are either exchanged between farmers and used in the herds or are kept during the mating season in a central mating station owned by the breeders' organization. Model calculations were carried out with the program zplan, which is based on a deterministic approach. zplan evaluates the genetic and economic efficiency of breeding strategies considering one cycle of selection. Scenarios with only intra-herd use, using only the central mating station or combinations of those were compared in terms of expected genetic gain and expected increase of inbreeding. Fastest genetic progress is achieved when the males are kept in a central mating station as the selection intensity is on a high level. Rates of inbreeding vary between 0.08 and 0.32% per generation.
Genetic and non-genetic factors influencing fibre quality of Bolivian llamas
(Elsevier BV, 2005) María Wurzinger; Juan Vicente Delgado Bermejo; M. Nürnberg; A. Valle Zárate; A. Stemmer; Giorgia D. Ugarte; Johann Sölkner
GENETIC CHARACTERIZATION OF SOUTH AMERICA DOMESTIC GUINEA PIG USING MOLECULAR MARKERS
(Autonomous University of Yucatán, 2018) Diana Avilés-Esquivel; Amparo Maria Martínez; Vincenzo Landi; Luz A Álvarez; Angelica Stemmer; Nílton C. Gómez-Urviola; Juan Vicente Delgado Bermejo
Twenty specific primers were used to define the genetic diversity and structure of the domestic guinea pig (Cavia porcellus). The samples were collected from the Andean countries (Colombia, Ecuador, Peru and Bolivia). In addition, samples from Spain were used as an out-group for topological trees. The microsatellite markers were used and showed a high polymorphic content (PIC) 0.750, and heterozygosity values indicated microsatellites are highly informative. The genetic variability in populations of guinea pigs from Andean countries was (He: 0.791; Ho: 0.710), the average number of alleles was high (8.67). A deficit of heterozygotes (FIS: 0.153; p&lt;0.05) was detected. Through the analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) no significant differences were found among the guinea pigs of the Andean countries (FST: 2.9%); however a genetic differentiation of 16.67% between South American populations and the population from Spain was detected. A poor genetic structure was found among the Andean countries with high genetic variability. The results suggest that it is necessary to take urgent measures to prevent further genetic erosion of native guinea pigs in the Andean countries with plans for recovery and conservation of this important genetic resource in South America.
Growth curves and genetic parameters for growth traits in Bolivian llamas
(Elsevier BV, 2005) María Wurzinger; Juan Vicente Delgado Bermejo; M. Nürnberg; A. Valle Zárate; A. Stemmer; Giorgia D. Ugarte; Johann Sölkner
Organization and Management of Conservation Programs and Research in Domestic Animal Genetic Resources
(Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute, 2019) Juan Vicente Delgado Bermejo; Amparo Martínez; Guadalupe Rodríguez Galván; A. Stemmer; Francisco Javier Navas González; María Esperanza Camacho Vallejo
Creating national committees for domestic animal genetic resources within genetic resource national commissions is recommended to organize in situ and ex situ conservation initiatives. In situ conservation is a high priority because it retains traditional zootechnical contexts and locations to ensure the long-term survival of breeds. In situ actions can be based on subsidies, technical support, structure creation, or trademark definition. Provisional or permanent relocation of breeds may prevent immediate extinction when catastrophes, epizootics, or social conflicts compromise in situ conservation. Ex situ in vivo (animal preservation in rescue or quarantine centers) and in vitro methods (germplasm, tissues/cells, DNA/genes storage) are also potential options. Alert systems must detect emergencies and summon the national committee to implement appropriate procedures. Ex situ coordinated centers must be prepared to permanently or provisionally receive extremely endangered collections. National germplasm banks must maintain sufficient samples of national breeds (duplicated) in their collections to restore extinct populations at levels that guarantee the survival of biodiversity. A conservation management survey, describing national and international governmental and non-governmental structures, was developed. Conservation research initiatives for international domestic animal genetic resources from consortia centralize the efforts of studies on molecular, genomic or geo-evolutionary breed characterization, breed distinction, and functional gene identification. Several consortia also consider ex situ conservation relying on socioeconomic or cultural aspects. The CONBIAND network (Conservation for the Biodiversity of Local Domestic Animals for Sustainable Rural Development) exemplifies conservation efficiency maximization in a low-funding setting, integrating several Latin American consortia with international cooperation where limited human, material, and economic resources are available.