Browsing by Autor "Larissa Otero"

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    Cost-effectiveness of active case-finding of household contacts of pulmonary tuberculosis patients in a low HIV, tuberculosis-endemic urban area of Lima, Peru
    (Cambridge University Press, 2017) Lisa Shah; Marlene Rojas; Oscar Mori; Carlos Zamudio; Jay S. Kaufman; Larissa Otero; Eduardo Gotuzzo; Carlos Seas; Timothy F. Brewer
    We compared the cost-effectiveness (CE) of an active case-finding (ACF) programme for household contacts of tuberculosis (TB) cases enrolled in first-line treatment to routine passive case-finding (PCF) within an established national TB programme in Peru. Decision analysis was used to model detection of TB in household contacts through: (1) self-report of symptomatic cases for evaluation (PCF), (2) a provider-initiated ACF programme, (3) addition of an Xpert MTB/RIF diagnostic test for a single sputum sample from household contacts, and (4) all strategies combined. CE was calculated as the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) in terms of US dollars per disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) averted. Compared to PCF alone, ACF for household contacts resulted in an ICER of $2155 per DALY averted. The addition of the Xpert MTB/RIF diagnostic test resulted in an ICER of $3275 per DALY averted within a PCF programme and $3399 per DALY averted when an ACF programme was included. Provider-initiated ACF of household contacts in an urban setting of Lima, Peru can be highly cost-effective, even including costs to seek out contacts and perform an Xpert/MTB RIF test. ACF including Xpert MTB/RIF was not cost-effective if TB cases detected had high rates of default from treatment or poor outcomes.
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    Could clinical audit improve the diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis in Cuba, Peru and Bolivia?
    (Wiley, 2008) Kamran Siddiqi; Anna Volz; Luisa Armas; Larissa Otero; R Ugaz; Edilberto González Ochoa; Eduardo Gotuzzo; Faustino Torrico; James Newell; John Walley
    Clinical audit may drive improvements in the quality of clinical care in resource-poor settings. It is likely to be more effective if integrated within and supported by the local TB programmes. We recommend developing and evaluating an integrated model of quality improvement including clinical audit.