Browsing by Autor "Lemoine, Alejandra Jochmans"
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Item type: Item , Comparative responses of arterial oxygen saturation and heart rate durign postnatal development in rats living at high and low altitude(Facultad de Medicina, Enfermería, Nutrición y Tecnología Médica, 2011) Lemoine, Alejandra JochmansWe used pulse oximetry to measure arterial oxygen saturation (SpO2) and heart rate (HR) in 4 and 14 day-old rats raised at HA (La Paz, Bolivia, 3,600 m / 12,000ft) or at sea level (SL, Québec, Canada). SpO2 and HR were measured at 5 different levels of inspired PO2 (PiO2: 160 - 60 mmHg – 10 min each), in awake rats maintained in a chamber flushed with room air or the desired gas mixtures. When exposed to a PiO2 of 160 mmHg, P4 HA rats had a similar SpO2 than P4 SL, but a lower HR. At lower PiO2, HA rats maintained a much higher SpO2 than SL rats. HR increased in HA rats (but not in SL rats) at low PiO2. Contrastingly, P14 HA rats exposed to a PiO2 of 160 mmHg had a lower SpO2 than SL (93.7±1.1% vs. 98.8±0.1%, p<0.0001), and similar SpO2 at lower PiO2. HR was higher in P14 HA rats vs. SL rats at all PiO2 levels. A group of SL rats was raised in hypoxia (13.5% O2 – similar to HA PiO2) between P4 and P14. This reduces SpO2 values measured at PiO2 below 160 mmHg, and enhances HR. Male and female rats had similar responses. We conclude that: a) 4-day old rats raised at HA had efficient responses that help maintaining a high SpO2 under a wide range of PiO2 - b) these responses are no longer apparent in P14. Since rats are not found under natural conditions at HA, success to develop adequate responses to hypoxia during early postnatal development might be critical for genetic adaptation to altitude.Item type: Item , Effects of prenatal hypoxia on hematological and respiratory acclimatization to high altitude in rats(Facultad de Medicina, Enfermería, Nutrición y Tecnología Médica, 2011) Lemoine, Alejandra JochmansWe tested the hypothesis that prenatal hypoxia have long-term consequences on physiological acclimatization to high altitude in rats. Male and female high-altitude rats (3600m, La Paz, Bolivia) were exposed to normal room air or enriched oxygen (32-35% O2 - corresponding to sea level PO2) between 10 and 1 day before birth (prenatal normoxia - pnNorm). At twelve weeks of age, we first assessed hematocrit and hemoglobin values. Then we measured respiratory parameters under baseline condition, in response to brief exposures to 32% O2 (relieving the ambient hypoxic stimulus), and to 10% O2 (severe hypoxia). We then calculated the % changes of respiratory frequency in response to 32 or 10% O2 exposure. Compared to control, pnNorm male rats have increased hemoglobin and hematocrit levels, while males and females have reduced respiratory frequency. Respiratory frequency decreased similarly in pnNorm compared to Cont rats in response to 32 % O2, and increased similarly in response to 10% O2. Respiratory frequency response to 10% O2 was higher in females of both groups compared to males. We conclude that in rats living at high altitude, prenatal hypoxia exerts an important life-long influence on hematological acclimatization to high altitude, preventing against excessive erythrocytosis. These effects may partially depend on altered respiratory control. Founded by NSERC.Item type: Item , Programmation prénatale de l'acclimatation hématologique et respiratoire chez des rats de haute altitude(Facultad de Medicina, Enfermería, Nutrición y Tecnología Médica, 2011) Lemoine, Alejandra JochmansNous avons testé l’hypothèse selon laquelle l’hypoxie prénatale chez le rat aurait des conséquences à long terme sur l’acclimatation physiologique à la haute altitude. Des rats vivant en haute altitude (3600m, La Paz, Bolivie) ont été exposés entre le 11e et le 20e jour d’âge gestationnel à l’air ambiant (contrôles – Cont) ou à un environnement enrichi en O2 (32-35% O2 correspondant à une PO2 du niveau de la mer ; pnNorm). À 12 semaines, des mesures d’hématocrite (Hct) et d’hémoglobine (Hb) ont été réalisées. Les paramètres respiratoires de base, en réponse à une brève exposition à 32% d’O2 (révélant ainsi le stimulus hypoxique ambiant) et en réponse à une exposition à 10% d’O2 (hypoxie sévère) ont été mesurés. Comparés aux Cont, les rats mâles pnNorm ont un taux d’Hct et d’Hb plus élevé, cet effet n’est pas retrouvé chez les femelles. La fréquence respiratoire de base est plus faible aussi bien chez les mâles que chez les femelles. Les variations de fréquence respiratoire en réponse aux expositions à 32% et 10% d’O2 sont similaires chez les mâles comme chez les femelles pnNorm comparés aux Cont. La réponse ventilatoire observée lors d’une exposition à 10% d’O2 est supérieure chez les femelles par rapport aux mâles pour les deux groupes. Nous concluons de cette étude que l’hypoxie prénatale altère l’acclimatation hématologique et respiratoire et, en particulier, pourrait prévenir le développement d’une érythrocytose excessive chez les mâles vivant à haute altitude. Supporté par CRSNG.