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Browsing by Autor "Liz Romero"

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    Ámbito de hogar y uso de microhábitat de Liolaemus forsteri (Iguania: Liolaemidae) en una región altoandina de La Paz, Bolivia
    (Fundación Miguel Lillo, 2023) Emmilce Morilla; Stephanie Torrico Paz; Liz Romero; Lorena Zurita; Nayra Antezana; Grizel Carvajal; Alejandro Bruno Miranda‐Calle; Luis Pacheco
    El conocimiento del ámbito de hogar (AH) y del uso del hábitat de las especies es importante para comprender sus requisitos ecológicos. Evaluamos el AH y el uso de microhábitat de Liolaemus forsteri, una especie endémica de los Andes de Bolivia, mediante muestreo focal y registro de movimiento desde sus refugios y comparamos los resultados con especies filogenéticamente relacionadas (grupo Boulengeri). El tamaño del AH se estimó mediante un análisis de polígono mínimo convexo ajustado. Cuantificamos el uso de microhábitat registrando el tiempo de permanencia de 26 individuos en ocho tipos de microhábitat disponibles. El AH encontrado (31,2 m2, DE=35.7) no difirió entre machos y hembras. Los microhábitats más utilizados, considerando su disponibilidad en el sitio de estudio, fueron la vegetación baja, el borde de guarida, las rocas y vegetación de tipo cojín. Liolaemus forsteri tuvo un AH menor que otras del grupo Boulengeri. Las condiciones climáticas del sitio se proponen como posible explicación a dicho resultado. La preferencia por determinados microhábitats se atribuye al menor riesgo de depredación cerca de las guaridas, el fácil acceso a los recursos para su supervivencia y la influencia de temperaturas extremas.
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    Gold Mining and Genotoxic Effects on Vicuñas: A Comparative Study of Buccal Cells and Lymphocytes
    (Research Square (United States), 2024) Liz Romero; Gloria Rodrigo; Oscar Loayza; Robert B. Wallace
    Abstract The vicuña (Vicugna vicugna) is a wild camelid native from South America, known for its highly valued fiber. In Bolivia, the Apolobamba protected area is a key area for vicuña conservation and Apolobamba’s indigenous communities sustainably harvest the fiber of wild vicuña. The vicuña is an important cultural and economic resource, as well as an indicator of ecosystem health. Over the last decade gold mining activities have increased in Apolobamba potentially causing high levels of mercury contamination, endangering the health of vicuñas, humans, and terrestrial ecosystems. This study used genotoxicity markers: micronuclei (MN) and nuclear abnormalities (NA) in buccal cells and lymphocytes of vicuñas in 13 vicuña management communities in Apolobamba. A mean frequency of 0.48% MN and 14.91% NA was found in buccal cells, and 0.32% MN and 57.13% NA in lymphocytes. A higher frequency of MN in buccal cells was expected as they are the first barrier to inhalation or ingestion of genotoxic agents. However, a higher frequency of NA in lymphocytes suggests a possible prevalence of damage. Furthermore, a gradient of MN frequency was observed consistently with mining activity, but mining may not be the only cause of this damage, as vicuñas are exposed to mixtures of environmental chemicals, including traces of microplastics and persistent organic pollutants that have been detected in the area too. These findings provide a baseline for future vicuña populations monitoring and can be used as bio monitors and sentinels of environmental pollution.

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