Browsing by Autor "Lizeth Torrez-Colmena"

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    Caracterización de la función cardiorrespiratoria y su relación con el estrés oxidativo en mujeres expuestas al humo de leña residentes de gran altura (3850 m s. n. m.)
    (University of San Martín de Porres, 2021) Ingrid Gaby Melgarejo Pomar; Elfride Balanza-Erquicia; Jesús Santiago Gómez-Mendivil; Lizeth Torrez-Colmena; Loyola Riveros Gonzales; Instituto Nacional de Tórax. Servicio Departamental de Salud (SEDES). La Paz, Bolivia; Lizeth Torrez-Colmena; Médico General, Investigador, Consultor.; Loyola Riveros Gonzales; Instituto Boliviano de Biología de Altura (IBBA), Servicio Departamental de Salud (SEDES). La Paz, Bolivia
    Objective: To characterize the cardiorespiratory function and the state of oxidative stress resulting from the exposure towood smoke in women who live at high altitude (3,850 m a.s.l.). Materials and methods: An observational case-series study. The cardiorespiratory function was analyzed, and thebiomarkers of oxidative stress malondialdehyde (MDA) and carboxyhemoglobin (COHb) were quantified. Measures of centraltendency and dispersion were determined. The statistical methods of association and correlation were implemented. Results: Sixty (60) patients were included in the research. Fifty percent (50.00 %) of the participants showed clinicalevidence of heart disease and 25.00 % had clinical symptoms of respiratory disease. Forty-five percent (45.00 %) of thespirometries revealed normal values. Thirty-six point six seven percent (36.67 %) showed a decrease in the forced expiratoryvolume in one second (FEV₁), forced expiratory volume in one second/forced vital capacity ratio (FEV₁/FVC) and/or forced expiratory flow 25-75% (FEF25-75). A decrease in FEV₁/FVC, FEF25-75 and FVC occurred in 8.33 %, 3.33 % and 1.67 % ofthe study participants, respectively. Moreover, a 5.00 % decrease was found in more than two parameters. Sixty percent(60.00 %) of the electrocardiograms revealed normal values, 36.67 % presented an intraventricular conduction disorderand 3.33 % showed dextrorotation of the heart. Eighty-one point six seven percent (81.67 %) of the participants presentedan echocardiographic alteration, 73.33% showed valvular insufficiency, 20.00 % presented pulmonary hypertension and6.67 % had an enlarged right ventricle. The mean MDA was 6 µM/L ± 2, which was positively correlated with the age (p: 0.029).The median COHb accounted for 1.00 % (p25: 0.70 – p75: 1.68). No statistically significant association was found between theCOHb concentration and spirometric alterations. A positive correlation was found between MDA values and the right ventriclewall thickness (p: 0.001). Conclusions: The different alterations of the cardiorespiratory function found in the study population show that bothchronic exposure to wood smoke derivatives and hypobaric hypoxia are an important source of free radicals and leadto a permanent and sustained state of oxidative stress, which is responsible for the progressive deterioration of thecardiorespiratory function with no early clinical manifestation.
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    Estrés oxidativo por humo de leña en mujeres nativas de gran altura - 3850 m s. n. m.
    (University of San Martín de Porres, 2020) Ingrid Gaby Melgarejo Pomar; Elfride Balanza-Erquicia; Jesús Santiago Gómez-Mendivil; Lizeth Torrez-Colmena; Jesús Santiago Gómez-Mendivil; Instituto Nacional de Tórax. La Paz, Bolivia; Lizeth Torrez-Colmena; Universidad Mayor de San Andrés (UMSA), Facultad de Medicina, Instituto Boliviano de Biología de Altura (IBBA). La Paz, Bolivia
    Objective: To determine the blood levels of two oxidative stress biomarkers among native women exposed to wood smoke living at high altitude (3,850 m a.s.l.). Malondialdehyde (MDA) levels and carboxyhemoglobin (COHb) percentage in venous blood, which is also a cellular hypoxia biomarker, were analyzed.Materials and methods: A descriptive case-series study conducted in 74 women between 14 and 55 years of age exposed to wood smoke and coming from the rural area of the Copacabana Municipality (La Paz, Bolivia) at 3,850 m a.s.l. Screening was carried out through a survey and a complete physical examination. MDA levels and COHb percentage in venous blood were determined, and the demographic variables and transcutaneous oxygen saturation were measured. A descriptive statistical analysis was performed and measures of central tendency were calculated using IBM SPSS Statistics Version 18.Results: Seventy-four (74) women between 14 and 55 years of age were examined. This examination resulted in a mean level of 5.5 μmol/L ± 2 MDA and a median percentage of 1 % COHb (p25 –p75: 0.7 - 1.6). Women who used to burn a mixture of eucalyptus and cow or sheep dung had a higher mean level of MDA and a median percentage of 2.5 % COHb.Conclusions: Indoor air pollution (CAI) due to wood smoke increases the oxidative stress among this native population living at high altitude. This is demonstrated by the increased levels of MDA, and the difference against the biomarker levels of healthy native populations living at high altitude and at sea level. In addition, MDA levels and COHb percentages were higher among women who used to burn a mixture of wood and cow or sheep dung due to the higher harmful effects of such mixture.