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Browsing by Autor "Mónica Moraes R."

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    A pivotal year for Bolivian conservation policy
    (Nature Portfolio, 2019) Alfredo Romero‐Muñoz; Álvaro Fernández‐Llamazares; Mónica Moraes R.; Daniel M. Larrea‐Alcázar; Claire F. R. Wordley
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    A potential turning point for Bolivia’s biodiversity conservation
    (Nature Portfolio, 2025) Mónica Moraes R.; Álvaro Fernández‐Llamazares; Luís F. Aguirre; Oswaldo Maillard; Alfredo Romero‐Muñoz
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    Allagoptera Brevicalyx (Palmae), A New Species from Bahia, Brazil
    (Springer Science+Business Media, 1993) Mónica Moraes R.
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    Attalea blepharopus Mart. (Arecaceae) from Bolivia Revisited since Martius
    (2016) Mónica Moraes R.; Jean‐Christophe Pintaud
    Moraes R., M. & J.-C. Pintaud (2016). Attalea blepharopus Mart. (Arecaceae) from Bolivia revisited since Martius. Candollea 71: 27–32. In English, English abstract. DOI : http//dx.doi.org/10.15553/c2016v711a6Populations in Bolivia of an Attalea Kunth species (Arecaceae) with regularly spaced pinnae were historically assigned to Attalea butyracea (Mutis) Wess. Boer, which also occurs in Colombia, western Venezuela and northern Ecuador. During a recent fieldtrip to the Chapare province in Cochabamba department (central Bolivia), we visited the Yuracaré people's territory that Alcide d'Orbigny mentioned as harboring a large and distinct palm, Attalea blepharopus Mart. Based on its morphology, we recognize the species as distinct from Attalea butyracea and designate a lectotype based on the original illustrations and an epitype based on a recent complete collection. The species is described in details and illustrated with photographs for the first time.
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    Caracterización de frutos y semillas de Oenocarpus bataua (Arecaceae, Arecoideae, Euterpeae) procedentes de poblaciones naturales en la Amazonia peruana
    (Fundación Miguel Lillo, 2025) E. Hanz Rodríguez-Cabrera; María de Fátima Sánchez-Márquez; Richard J. Huaranca-Acostupa; May C. Chujutalli-Marín; Ángel Alejandro Salazar-Vega; Gabriel Vargas-Arana; Kember Mateo Mejía Carhuanca; Mónica Moraes R.; Ángel Martín RODRÍGUEZ-DEL CASTILLO
    Oenocarpus bataua es una palmera destacada en la región sudamericana y en la Amazonia peruana, por su aceite y su importancia económica para las comunidades locales. Sin embargo, su amplia distribución y los factores genéticos y ambientales generan una elevada variabilidad en las características de sus frutos y semillas, dificultando su manejo sostenible. En este estudio se caracterizaron morfológicamente los frutos y semillas de Oenocarpus bataua en la Amazonia peruana, así como el ambiente donde crece, para comprender la variabilidad de sus poblaciones naturales. Para ello, se evaluaron 15 características que fueron comparadas mediante Kruskal-Wallis. Para identificar patrones y visualizar los datos, se emplearon análisis multivariados de agrupamiento jerárquico y de componentes principales (PCA). También, se estimó su asociación mediante la correlación de Spearman. Finalmente, se utilizó una ficha de datos de campo para describir el ambiente. Las características mostraron elevada variación (< 20 %) y todas fueron significativamente diferentes (p < 0,05). Se formaron dos grupos basados en el diámetro del fruto y los pesos del fruto, exocarpo y mesocarpo. El PCA confirmó la variabilidad entre las poblaciones, donde Allpahuayo-Mishana fue la menos variable y, Palestina, la más diferenciada. Las características con mayores índices de asociación fueron: longitud y diámetro del fruto y semilla, pesos del fruto, exocarpo, mesocarpo y semilla. La especie está adaptada a diferentes estratos de bosques amazónicos y en las laderas andinas, desde 76 a 1170 m snm. Los resultados resaltan la alta variabilidad en frutos y semillas de O. bataua, destacando la longitud, diámetro y peso como los rasgos más relevantes. Las poblaciones conformaron dos grupos: hacia la Amazonia occidental y en el norte de Perú. Esta información permite desarrollar estrategias de manejo sostenible y optimizar el uso de esta palmera clave en ecosistemas tropicales y en las economías locales.
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    Current knowledge encounters in ethnobiological studies fit equilibrium systems
    (University of Hawaii Press, 2018) Mónica Moraes R.
    “Indigenous peoples and local communities possess detailed knowledge on biodiversity and ecosystem trends. This knowledge is formed through their direct dependence on their local ecosystems, and observations and interpretations of change generated and passed down over many generations, and yet adapted and enriched over time. Indigenous peoples and local communities from around the world often live in remote areas, interacting with nature and managing resources that contribute to society at large. They also suffer directly from the pressures of expanding agriculture frontiers and commodity production, such as mining, logging, and energy. They are often better placed than scientists to provide detailed information on local biodiversity and environmental change and are important contributors to the governance of biodiversity from local to global levels.” Intergovernmental Panel on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services" (IPBES)
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    Defaunation Increases the Survivorship of the Palm <i>Astrocaryum gratum</i> in a Submontane Tropical Forest
    (Scientific Research Publishing, 2022) Enzo Aliaga‐Rossel; José M. V. Fragoso; Mónica Moraes R.
    Overhunting of mammals may negatively affect plant populations though indirect impacts on mammal-plant interactions such as herbivory. In this paper, we examined how hunting of terrestrial mammals impacts the survival of seedlings and juveniles of the palm Astrocaryum gratum. To determine A. gratum seedling survivorship patterns, an experiment with seedlings in 25 × 250-m plots exclosures and different levels of mammal species presence was conducted: all mammals, only Tayassu peccari potentially a major seedling predator and no animals excluded. More than 50,600 non-adults were measured for 27 months. We replicated these treatments in three forest categories: 1) no hunting, with an intact mammal community, 2) a lightly hunted region and 3) a heavily hunted area. Seedling survivorship under natural non-experimental conditions was highest in the heavily hunted (S(T) = 0.72), lower in moderate and lowest in unhunted forests. Experiments revealed that T. peccari was the main agent of palm seedling mortality and the most important factor determining seedling and juvenile survivorship, for example they caused the 84.61% deaths of the seedlings in unhunted forests. Thus, T. peccari feeding habits can influence forest dynamics and forest structure. T. peccari was also susceptible to hunting pressure and as the main seed and seedling predator in the system, its extinction should affect the survivorship and distribution of A. gratum in forests.
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    Densidad de individuos adultos y producci ón de frutos del asa í (Euterpe precatoria, Arecaceae) en Riberalta, Bolivia
    (2008) María José Velarde V.; Mónica Moraes R.
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    Depredación post-dispersión de "Guettarda viburnoides" (Rubiaceae) en sabanas neotropicales del noreste de Bolivia: su efecto a pequeña escala espacial
    (2012) Francisco Saavedra; Andrea P. Loayza; Mónica Moraes R.
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    Distribución potencial en Bolivia de la palma de saó (Trithrinax schizophylla)
    (2018) Gabriel Toledo V.; Mónica Moraes R.; Freddy S. Zenteno-Ruíz
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    Economía forestal en Bolivia
    (University of Copenhagen, 2006) Carsten Nico Portefée Hjortsø; Jette Bredahl Jacobsen; Kewin Bach Friis Kamelarczyk; Mónica Moraes R.
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    El género Attalea (Arecaceae) de Bolivia: Afinidades con sistemas ecológicos regionales
    (National University of San Marcos, 2017) Mónica Moraes R.; Freddy S. Zenteno-Ruíz
    La documentación de las especies neotropicales de la familia Arecaceae, basada en los recientes aportes a su taxonomía y su relación con los paisajes naturales, actualiza los patrones espaciales a los cuales se adaptan en su rango de distribución. En este caso se relevan 121 registros de especímenes de las 11 especies del género Attalea de Bolivia y su relación con 30 sistemas ecológicos que aproximan su ámbito de distribución a nivel regional. Para ello se sistematizó, se verificó y corrigieron las coordenadas geográficas vs. localidades de todos los especímenes coleccionados del género Attalea con el fin de cotejarlos con los sistemas ecológicos, utilizando las herramientas del ArgGis. Seguidamente elaboramos un dendrograma (especies vs. sistemas ecológicos) utilizando el método de distancia mínima en el programa R. El análisis de la relación de las especies con los sistemas ecológicos resalta una especie que no compone al sudoeste amazónico: A. eichleri y que procede de sistemas ecológicos del Cerrado. Entre las especies de Attalea amazónicas, A. blepharopus (endémica de Bolivia) se aísla de las demás y el resto subagrupa a especies según su presencia afín en bosques y sabanas, además del subandino y aluvial, como es para A. princeps, que se encuentra en 17 sistemas (57%). Ocho especies de Attalea son comunes con Perú y 10 con Brasil. Es importante relacionar la agrupación jerárquica de las especies de Attalea con los sistemas ecológicos en función a dinámicas paisajísticas para documentar sus patrones de espacio y también para su conservación.
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    Endemic palm species shed light on habitat shifts and the assembly of the Cerrado and Restinga floras
    (Elsevier BV, 2017) Christine D. Bacon; Mónica Moraes R.; Carlos Jaramillo; Alexandre Antonelli
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    Endemic Plant Species of Bolivia and Their Relationships with Vegetation
    (IntechOpen, 2019) Mónica Moraes R.; Carla Maldonado; Freddy S. Zenteno-Ruíz
    The inventory of Bolivia’s vascular plants lists 2402 endemic species (ca. 20% of 12,339 of native flora). Among angiosperms, there are 2263 species from 124 families and 641 genera, whereas among pteridophytes, there are 139 species from 16 families and 29 genera. Seven families with the greatest number of endemic species are Orchidaceae (418), Asteraceae (246), Bromeliaceae (147), Cactaceae (127), Poaceae (92), and Piperaceae (81). Cleistocactus and Puya have 14 and 55 endemic species, respectively, so representing 82.3 and 84.6% of the species in these genera. Bolivia’s endemic species show distribution patterns associated with past geological events, orographic dynamics (of the Andes and in the Cerrado), as well as areas of diversification. Dry xeric and humid regions host local and regional endemics in specific families and biogeographic regions of high conservation importance. Humid montane forests in the Yungas and dry inter-Andean valleys are rich in endemic species with 51 and 22% of the total recorded in the respective regions. Nevertheless, there are still many lesser known geographical areas that may generate new information in the short and medium term. Only 165 endemic species (6.9%) have been evaluated for their conservation status following IUCN categories with 49% assessed as endangered (EN).
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    Estructura poblacional del totaí (Acrocomia aculeata, Arecaceae) según presencia de ganado en localidades de Beni y Santa Cruz (Bolivia)
    (2013) Sissi Lozada G.; Mónica Moraes R.
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    Genetic diversity of South American oil-palm Acrocomia totai Mart. (Arecaceae) across the total area of occurrence reveals the true distribution of existing populations.
    (2025) Fredd Vergara; Jonathan Andre Morales Marroquín; Mónica Moraes R.; Diego Wassner; Maria Imaculada Zucchi; Fei He; Annaliese S. Mason
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    Genotyping‐by‐sequencing informs conservation of Andean palms sources of non‐timber forest products
    (Wiley, 2024) Nicolás Peñafiel; Abigail H. Chafe; Mónica Moraes R.; Nora H. Oleas; Julissa Roncal
    Conservation and sustainable management of lineages providing non-timber forest products are imperative under the current global biodiversity loss. Most non-timber forest species, however, lack genomic studies that characterize their intraspecific variation and evolutionary history, which inform species' conservation practices. Contrary to many lineages in the Andean biodiversity hotspot that exhibit high diversification, the genus <i>Parajubaea</i> (Arecaceae) has only three species despite the genus' origin 22 million years ago. Two of the three palm species, <i>P. torallyi</i> and <i>P. sunkha</i>, are non-timber forest species endemic to the Andes of Bolivia and are listed as IUCN endangered. The third species, <i>P. cocoides</i>, is a vulnerable species with unknown wild populations. We investigated the evolutionary relationships of <i>Parajubaea</i> species and the genetic diversity and structure of wild Bolivian populations. Sequencing of five low-copy nuclear genes (3753 bp) challenged the hypothesis that <i>P. cocoides</i> is a cultigen that originated from the wild Bolivian species. We further obtained up to 15,134 de novo single-nucleotide polymorphism markers by genotyping-by-sequencing of 194 wild <i>Parajubaea</i> individuals. Our total DNA sequencing effort rejected the taxonomic separation of the two Bolivian species. As expected for narrow endemic species, we observed low genetic diversity, but no inbreeding signal. We found three genetic clusters shaped by geographic distance, which we use to propose three management units. Different percentages of missing genotypic data did not impact the genetic structure of populations. We use the management units to recommend in situ conservation by creating new protected areas, and ex situ conservation through seed collection.
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    La Amazonia que queremos ... Para mañana
    (2020) Mónica Moraes R.; Daniel M. Larrea‐Alcázar
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    La indexación de revistas científicas: La experiencia de “Ecología en Bolivia”
    (2009) Mónica Moraes R.
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    Las proyecciones de difusión en proyectos de investigación: La experiencia del proyecto PALMS
    (2014) Mónica Moraes R.; Henrik Balslev
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