Browsing by Autor "M. Tamada"

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A systematic study of the hybrid experiment at Mt.Chacaltaya
(EDP Sciences, 2013) M. Tamada; Hiroshi Aoki; K. Honda; N. Inoue; N. Kawasumi; N. Martinić; Nobuaki Ochi; N. Ohmori; A. Ohsawa; H. Semba
In the hybrid experiment on Mt.Chacaltaya, we can observe three different components of airshowers, that is, air-shower size, burst-density and high energy families (a bundle of high energy particles). Burst-density in each block of hadron calorimeters are newly recalculated in simulations in oder to compare directly to the experimental data. Energy deposits in the scintillators of the hadron calorimeters are calculated using GEANT4 for every particle, incident upon the hadron calorimeter, in the air-showers simulated using CORSIKA, and are converted into burst-density, taking into consideration the exact structure of experimental hadron calorimeter. We study correlations among three observable components in the air-showers. Correlations between air-shower size and burst-density and those between air-shower size and accompanied family energy can be explained by model calculations by adjusting primary particle composition, the former correlation is in favor of proton-primaries but the latter iron-primaries. No model can describe well observed correlations between burst-density and family energy. That is, the observed family energy accompanied by the air-showers with larger burst-density is systematically smaller than that expected in the simulated events. Effects of a fluctuation in the cross-section of hadronic interactions are studied to settle the disagreement between experimental data and simulations.
A systematic study of the hybrid experiment at Mt.Chacaltaya
(EDP Sciences, 2013) M. Tamada; Hiroshi Aoki; K. Honda; N. Inoue; N. Kawasumi; N. Martinić; Nobuaki Ochi; N. Ohmori; A. Ohsawa; H. Semba
In the hybrid experiment on Mt.Chacaltaya, we can observe three different components of airshowers, that is, air-shower size, burst-density and high energy families (a bundle of high energy particles). Burst-density in each block of hadron calorimeters are newly recalculated in simulations in oder to compare directly to the experimental data. Energy deposits in the scintillators of the hadron calorimeters are calculated using GEANT4 for every particle, incident upon the hadron calorimeter, in the air-showers simulated using CORSIKA, and are converted into burst-density, taking into consideration the exact structure of experimental hadron calorimeter. We study correlations among three observable components in the air-showers. Correlations between air-shower size and burst-density and those between air-shower size and accompanied family energy can be explained by model calculations by adjusting primary particle composition, the former correlation is in favor of proton-primaries but the latter iron-primaries. No model can describe well observed correlations between burst-density and family energy. That is, the observed family energy accompanied by the air-showers with larger burst-density is systematically smaller than that expected in the simulated events. Effects of a fluctuation in the cross-section of hadronic interactions are studied to settle the disagreement between experimental data and simulations.
Combination of emulsion chamber and air shower array at Mt. Chacaltaya
(American Institute of Physics, 1993) N. Kawasumi; I. Tsushima; Ken Honda; K. Hashimoto; Tsuneo Matano; K. Mori; Naoya Inoue; Rolando Ticona; Akinori Ohsawa; M. Tamada
Data of 34 familes with the accompanying air showers, observed by the combination of emulsion chamber and air shower array at Mt. Chacaltaya, are presented. Comparison with the simulation calculation concludes that a change is necessary in the characteristics of hadron interactions in E0≥1015 eV.
Cosmic ray nuclear interactions and EAS-triggered families observed by the Chacaltaya hybrid experiment
(Elsevier BV, 2008) Hiroshi Aoki; K. Honda; N. Inoue; Takaaki Ishii; N. Kawasumi; N. Martinić; Nobuaki Ochi; N. Ohmori; A. Ohsawa; M. Tamada
Simultaneous observation of families and accompanied air showers at Mt. Chacaltaya
(American Physical Society, 1996) N. Kawasumi; I. Tsushima; K. Honda; K. Hashimoto; T. Matano; N. Inoue; K. Mori; A. Ohsawa; M. Tamada; N. Ohmori
Simultaneous observations of families and accompanied air showers with emulsion chambers and the air shower array of electronic equipment at Mt. Chacaltaya (5200 m, 540 g/${\mathrm{cm}}^{2}$) reveal that families bear the data of nuclear interactions generated deep in the atmosphere. 47 outstanding families with \ensuremath{\Sigma}${\mathit{E}}_{\ensuremath{\gamma}}$\ensuremath{\ge}10 TeV are correlated with the accompanied air showers of the size ${10}^{5}$--${10}^{8}$. A scatter plot of the average family energy versus the size of the relative air shower requires further energy fractionizing process(es) in the propagation of high energy cosmic rays in the atmosphere, such as a larger dissipative mechanism in nuclear interaction, heavier chemical composition of the primary cosmic rays, etc. We reach the conclusion that nuclear interaction changes its features in the energy region ${\mathit{E}}_{0}$\ensuremath{\gtrsim}${10}^{16}$ eV, because the heavier composition, proposed so far, is not sufficient for the required dissipative process. A comparison with the data from the HADRON experiment at a similar altitude with a similar technique shows that no larger deviations are present between both experiments. \textcopyright{} 1996 The American Physical Society.
Simultaneous observation of families and accompanied air showers at Mt. Chacaltaya I
(Elsevier BV, 1997) K. Honda; N. Kawasumi; I. Tsushima; K. Hashimoto; T. Nishida; T. Matano; N. Inoue; A. Ohsawa; M. Tamada; N. Ohmori
Simultaneous observation of families and associated air showers at Mt. Chacaltaya
(Springer Nature, 1996) N. Kawasumi; I. Tsushima; K. Honda; K. Hashimoto; T. Matano; N. Inoue; K. Mori; K. Yokoi; A. Ohsawa; M. Tamada
Study of primary cosmic ray composition from gamma ray families in air shower cores
(Elsevier BV, 1997) K. Honda; N. Kawasumi; I. Tsushima; K. Hashimoto; T. Nishida; T. Matano; N. Inoue; A. Ohsawa; M. Tamada; N. Ohmori