Browsing by Autor "M.H. Carino"

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    Genetic diversity of Calpain 1 gene in Creole, Nellore and Brahman bovine breeds in Bolivia
    (Asociación Latinoamericana de Producción Animal, 2022) J. A. C. Pereira; A.H. Falomir-Lockhart; Ariel Loza Vega; Egle E. Villegas‐Castagnasso; Pedro Rojas; M.H. Carino; Rodrigo Alberto Hoyos Sánchez; A. Rogberg‐Muñoz; Guillermo Giovambattista
    In Bolivia, beef production is mainly based on two genotypes, Bos taurus (Creole cattle) and B. indicus (zebu), being weight gain the main selection criteria used by farmers. However, meat quality and especially tenderness must be incorporated in the selection process. Meat tenderness is partly determined by the calpain CAPN1)/ calpastatin (CAST) protein system. Thus, the objective of the present work was to determine and (compare the genetic variability of the CAPN1 gene in Creole (CreBo), Brahman (BraBo) and Nellore (NelBo) breeds in Bolivia. DNA was extracted from blood samples from 147 CreBo, 59 BraBo and 93 NelBo, and three polymorphisms were genotyped using ARMS­PCR (CAPN1­316 and CAPN1­4751) and PCR­RFLP (CAPN1­530). Furthermore, CAPN1­316 and CAPN1­4751 SNPs were analyzed with Axiom™ Bos 1 Genotyping Array r3 and the Axiom™ ArBos 1 Genotyping Array. Allele frequencies associated with higher tenderness in CreBo, BraBo and NelBo were 0.22, 0 and 0.09 (CAPN1­316 C; P < 0.001), 0.76, 0.16 and 0.08 (CAPN1­4751 C; P < 0.001), and 0.77, 0.92 and 0.94 (CAPN1­530 G; P < 0.001). Linkage disequilibrium (LD) analysis revealed the presence of two LD blocks. Our results evidence that CreBo has a higher frequency of alleles associated with higher meat tenderness than the cebuine breeds. These markers could be used in breeding programs to improve Bolivian cattle herd meat quality either by selection within Creole breeds or crosses with cebuine cattle
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    Influence of Photoinhibition on the Morphology and Function of Pituitary Lactotropes in Male Golden Hamsters
    (Karger Publishers, 2002) Gloria M. Cónsole; Susana Jurado; Miguel Ángel Petruccelli; M.H. Carino; Ricardo S. Calandra; César L.A. Gómez Dumm
    Inhibition of prolactin (PRL) secretion has been previously shown in pituitaries from male and female hamsters exposed to short photoperiods. The purpose of the present study was to analyze the possible quantitative immunohistochemical and ultrastructural changes of PRL cells in male golden hamsters undergoing regression and spontaneous recrudescence, correlating the morphological findings with circulating PRL levels. Thus, adult male golden hamsters were exposed for 8, 16, 22 and 28 weeks to either short photoperiods (SP: 6 h light, 18 h darkness) or long photoperiods (LP: 14 h light, 10 h darkness). Pituitaries were processed for both light and electron microscopy, and serum levels of PRL were assessed by radioimmunoassay (RIA). Volume density (VD = cell area/reference area) and cell density (CD = number of cells/reference area) of lactotropes were measured with an image analysis system (Imaging Technology, Software Optimas 5.2). One hundred lactotropes were recorded for measuring several ultrastructural parameters. When analyzing the lactrotrope cell population from animals submitted to SP, the VD and CD were found to be significantly (p < 0.05) diminished with respect to those of the groups submitted to LP at weeks 8, 16 and 22. However, at week 28 a spontaneous recrudescence appeared. The lactotropes from animals submitted to LP for 8, 16, 22 and 28 weeks exhibited numerous large electrondense secretory granules. The rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER) presented some flat cisternae and numerous free ribosomes. Animals submitted to SP for 8 weeks showed a number of medium and large secretory granules, and the RER exhibited mainly numerous free ribosomes. In those animals submitted to SP for 16 and 22 weeks, lactotropes were found smaller and showed small and medium-sized secretory granules decreased in number. The Golgi complex exhibited some immature granules and dilated cisternae, while the RER did not present differences with respect to the 8-week SP group. The hamsters submitted to SP for 28 weeks presented medium and large secretory granules, and the RER exhibited dilated irregular cisternae. The ultrastructural morphometric parameters showed a decrease (p < 0.05) in the number of secretory granules and exocytotic profiles, as well as a diminution (p < 0.05) in the areas of Golgi complex, RER, secretory granules, and individual mean area of secretory granule during the 16 and 22 weeks of SP. Serum PRL levels were severely reduced under SP. This decrease was greater at 16 weeks than at 8 weeks of exposure. When hamsters were kept for 22 weeks under SP, PRL levels started their recovery. Thus, at the end of the experiment, the PRL values returned to near those of LP group. In summary, we found quantitative immunohistochemical and ultrastructural, as well as biochemical changes that suggest an inhibition of synthesis, storage and release of PRL in male golden hamsters submitted to SP, with a spontaneous recrudescence appearing at the end of the study.