Browsing by Autor "Massimo De Marchi"

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Información Geográfica Voluntaria para la Detección de Impactos Socioambientales de la Actividad Petrolera en la Amazonía Ecuatoriana
(2021) Cristabell Aguirre. Lcda.; Daniel Pabón Salazar. Ing.; Massimo De Marchi; Daniele Codato
En esta investigación se estudia la Información Geográfica Voluntaria (IGV) como herramienta para generar información geográfica independientemente de la profesión de los usuarios. Se identificaron áreas en las provincias de Orellana y Sucumbíos, en las que se realizan o se han realizado actividades petroleras, y se recorrió el denominado Toxic Tour de la Mano Negra de Chevron. Mediante el uso de la aplicación GeoODKCollect y la plataforma ONA se georreferenciaron elementos petroleros que ocasionan impactos socioambientales y riesgos para la salud de los habitantes en el noreste de la Amazonía ecuatoriana, en las provincias de Orellana y Sucumbíos. Se confirmó que la empresa Chevron – Texaco no ha ejecutado el proceso de remediación y los riesgos ambientales, sociales y de salud en la zona de estudio y sus alrededores continúan. Palbras clave: IGV, ONA, GeoODKCollect, Amazonía, Petróleo, Ecuador AbstractIn this research, Voluntary Geographic Information (VGI) is studied as a tool to generate geographic information regardless of the profession of the users. The so-called Toxic Tour de la Mano Negra de Chevronand petroleum associated gas faring sites were visited. With the use of the GeoODKCollect applicationand the ONA platform, the authors georeferenced factors associated to oil extractivism which causesocial and socioenvironmental impacts and health risks to the northeast of the Ecuadorian Amazon inhabitants, in the provinces of Orellana and Sucumbíos. It was identifed that the remediation process that the Chevron - Texaco Company has executed is insufcient and the environmental, social and health risks in the study area and its surroundings continue.Keywords: VGI, ONA, GeoODKCollect, Amazon, Oil, Ecuador
Información Geográfica Voluntaria para la Detección de Impactos Socioambientales de la Actividad Petrolera en la Amazonía Ecuatoriana
(2021) Cristabell Aguirre-Saula; Daniel Pabón-Salazar; Massimo De Marchi; Daniele Codato
En esta investigación se estudia la Información Geográfica Voluntaria (IGV) como herramienta para generar información geográfica independientemente de la profesión de los usuarios. Se recorrió el denominado Toxic Tour de la Mano Negra de Chevronen Orellana y Sucumbíos y se visitaron puntos donde se encuentran mecheros asociados a las actividades petroleras para la quema de gas natural. Mediante el uso de la aplicación GeoODKCollect y la plataforma ONA se georreferenciaron factores asociados al extractivismo petrolero que ocasionan impactos socioambientales y riesgos para la salud de los habitantes en el noreste de la Amazonía ecuatoriana, en las provincias de Orellana y Sucumbíos. Se evidenció que el proceso de remediación ambiental de la empresa Chevron – Texaco ha sido insuficiente y los riesgos ambientales, sociales y de salud en la zona de estudio y sus alrededores continúan. Palbras clave: IGV, ONA, GeoODKCollect, Amazonía, Petróleo, Ecuador Abstract n this research, Voluntary Geographic Information (VGI) is studied as a tool to generate geographic information regardless of the profession of the users. The so-called Toxic Tour de la Mano Negra de Chevronand petroleum associated gas flaring sites were vi-sited. With the use of the GeoODKCollect application and the ONA platform, the authors georeferenced factors associated to oil extractivism which cause social and socioenvironmental impacts and health risks to the northeast of the Ecuadorian Amazon inhabitants, in the provinces of Orellana and Sucumbíos. It was identified that the remediation process that the Chevron - Texaco Company has executed is insufficient and the environmental, social and health risks in the study area and its surroundings continue. Keywords: VGI, ONA, GeoODKCollect, Amazon, Oil, Ecuador
Where to leave fossil fuels underground? A multi-criteria analysis to identify unburnable carbon areas in the Ecuadorian Amazon region
(2022) Daniele Codato; Salvatore Eugenio Pappalardo; Francesco Facchinelli; Maria R Murmis; Carlos Larrea; Massimo De Marchi
Abstract Despite the ongoing impacts of climate change around the world, fossil fuels continue to drive the global economy. The socio-environmental impacts of oil development at the local level are widely recognized, especially in high biocultural diversity areas, highlighting the need to develop and implement effective policies that protect both biodiversity and human rights. In consideration of the estimated remaining carbon budget to limit global warming at 1.5 °C, as well as Ecuador’s past attempts at limiting carbon extraction through the Yasuni-ITT Initiative, we adopt a new framework to identify ‘unburnable carbon areas’ with the goal of eventually phasing out fossil fuels. In the Ecuadorian Amazon—one of Earth’s high-biodiversity wilderness areas and home to uncontacted indigenous populations—50 years of widespread oil production is jeopardizing tropical ecosystems. Using the Ecuadorian Amazon as a paradigmatic case study, our research explores the feasibility of implementing energy transition paths based on unburnable carbon areas through spatial multicriteria decision analysis that is based on different approaches to territory management. We modeled interactions between oil development and areas with high biocultural sensitivities using environmental, socio-cultural, and oil-related geospatial information. We found that, for all simulations, concessions that should remain unburnable are mainly located in the south-central sector of Ecuadorian Amazon, surrounding the Yasuní National Park and the intangible zone for uncontacted indigenous people, where no reserves have been identified and oil infrastructure (wells, pipelines, etc) has not been deployed. In the Northern sector, particularly along the ‘Auca’ oil road system, the eventual continuation of fossil production requires best practices to minimize environmental impacts and respect human rights. Our spatial multicriteria approach based on geographical criteria can be replicated in different place contexts to explore different scenarios for effective climate mitigation policies.