Browsing by Autor "N. Martinić"

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A halo event observed by hybrid detectors at Mt. Chacaltaya
(Elsevier BV, 2003) Hiroshi Aoki; K. Hashimoto; K. Honda; N. Inoue; N. Kawasumi; N. Martinić; C. E. Navia; N. Ohmori; A. Ohsawa; L. C. S. Oliveira
A Halo Event observed by the Hybrid Experiment at Mt. Chacaltaya
(Elsevier BV, 2005) Hiroshi Aoki; K. Hashimoto; K. Honda; N. Inoue; N. Kawasumi; N. Martinić; Christopher O'; Nobuaki Ochi; N. Ohmori; A. Ohsawa
A halo event observed with an emulsion chamber and air shower array at Mt Chacaltaya
(IOP Publishing, 2004) Hiroshi Aoki; K. Hashimoto; K. Honda; N. Inoue; N. Kawasumi; N. Martinić; Christopher O'; Nobuaki Ochi; N. Ohmori; A. Ohsawa
A hybrid experiment to operate simultaneously an air shower array, a hadron calorimeter and an emulsion chamber is under way at Mt Chacaltaya (5200 m, Bolivia). An event with a halo, a blackened area of ~1 cm on x-ray film of the emulsion chamber, was observed with the experiment. Information about the halo (Ehalo = 850 TeV) and on high energy particles of electromagnetic and hadronic components outside the halo (?E? = 632.5 TeV and ?E(?)h = 278.8 TeV with a detection threshold of 2 TeV) was obtained from emulsion chamber data. Details about low energy hadrons were determined from the hadron calorimeter data, and characteristics of the accompanying air shower (Ne = 7.0 ? 107, s = 0.59) were determined by the air shower array. We reconstruct the event, based on the observed data. The event is compared with simulated events, which supports the conclusion that nuclear interactions change their characteristics in the high energy region so as to result in stronger energy subdivision.
A systematic study of the hybrid experiment at Mt.Chacaltaya
(EDP Sciences, 2013) M. Tamada; Hiroshi Aoki; K. Honda; N. Inoue; N. Kawasumi; N. Martinić; Nobuaki Ochi; N. Ohmori; A. Ohsawa; H. Semba
In the hybrid experiment on Mt.Chacaltaya, we can observe three different components of airshowers, that is, air-shower size, burst-density and high energy families (a bundle of high energy particles). Burst-density in each block of hadron calorimeters are newly recalculated in simulations in oder to compare directly to the experimental data. Energy deposits in the scintillators of the hadron calorimeters are calculated using GEANT4 for every particle, incident upon the hadron calorimeter, in the air-showers simulated using CORSIKA, and are converted into burst-density, taking into consideration the exact structure of experimental hadron calorimeter. We study correlations among three observable components in the air-showers. Correlations between air-shower size and burst-density and those between air-shower size and accompanied family energy can be explained by model calculations by adjusting primary particle composition, the former correlation is in favor of proton-primaries but the latter iron-primaries. No model can describe well observed correlations between burst-density and family energy. That is, the observed family energy accompanied by the air-showers with larger burst-density is systematically smaller than that expected in the simulated events. Effects of a fluctuation in the cross-section of hadronic interactions are studied to settle the disagreement between experimental data and simulations.
A systematic study of the hybrid experiment at Mt.Chacaltaya
(EDP Sciences, 2013) M. Tamada; Hiroshi Aoki; K. Honda; N. Inoue; N. Kawasumi; N. Martinić; Nobuaki Ochi; N. Ohmori; A. Ohsawa; H. Semba
In the hybrid experiment on Mt.Chacaltaya, we can observe three different components of airshowers, that is, air-shower size, burst-density and high energy families (a bundle of high energy particles). Burst-density in each block of hadron calorimeters are newly recalculated in simulations in oder to compare directly to the experimental data. Energy deposits in the scintillators of the hadron calorimeters are calculated using GEANT4 for every particle, incident upon the hadron calorimeter, in the air-showers simulated using CORSIKA, and are converted into burst-density, taking into consideration the exact structure of experimental hadron calorimeter. We study correlations among three observable components in the air-showers. Correlations between air-shower size and burst-density and those between air-shower size and accompanied family energy can be explained by model calculations by adjusting primary particle composition, the former correlation is in favor of proton-primaries but the latter iron-primaries. No model can describe well observed correlations between burst-density and family energy. That is, the observed family energy accompanied by the air-showers with larger burst-density is systematically smaller than that expected in the simulated events. Effects of a fluctuation in the cross-section of hadronic interactions are studied to settle the disagreement between experimental data and simulations.
Arrival directions of large air showers, low-mu showers and old-age low-mu air showers observed at St. Chacaltaya
(NASA Headquarters, 1985) T. Kaneko; K. Hagiwara; H. Yoshii; N. Martinić; L. Siles; P. Miranda; F. Kakimoto; Toru Obara; N. Inoue; K. Suga
Arrival directions of air showers with primary energies in the range 10 to the 16.5 power eV to 10 to the 18th power eV show the first harmonic in right ascension (RA) with amplitude of 2.7 + or - 1.0% and phase of 13-16h. However, the second harmonic in RA slightly seen for showers in the range 10 to the 18th power eV to 10 to the 19th power eV disappeared by accumulation of observed showers. The distribution of arrival directions of low-mu air showers with primary energies around 10 to the 15th power eV observed at Chacaltaya from 1962 to 1967 is referred to, relating to the above-mentioned first harmonic. Also presented in this paper are arrival directions of old-age low-mu air showers observed at Chacaltaya from 1962 to 1967, for recent interest in gamma-ray air showers.
Búsqueda de sectores magnéticos en el campo heliomagnético
(1998) N. Martinić; O Burgoa
CHAOTIC PROPERTIES OF HIGH ENERGY COSMIC RAYS
(2006) A. Ticona; R. Ticona; N. Martinić; I. Poma; R. Gutiérrez–Sánchez; R. de la Calle; E. Rodrı́guez
Chubascos extensos atmosféricos en Chacaltaya. Componentes electromagnética y hadrónica
(1998) N. Martinić; K Choque; R Bustos; R Ticona
Cosmic ray nuclear interactions and EAS-triggered families observed by the Chacaltaya hybrid experiment
(Elsevier BV, 2008) Hiroshi Aoki; K. Honda; N. Inoue; Takaaki Ishii; N. Kawasumi; N. Martinić; Nobuaki Ochi; N. Ohmori; A. Ohsawa; M. Tamada
EL USO DEL XML COMO TRADUCTOR ENTRE EL ASCII Y EL Excel
(2008) N. Martinić; F. Oscot
The purpose of this work is to write a code that translates files in ascii –typical in data banks with a large number of files– to Excel, a versatile electronic spreadsheet for recording and representing columns of data used to carry out simple calculations, and present graphics by many users, from high school students to professional researchers. To provide a didactic explanation of our work, a concrete example is used to explain (demonstrate) the code translator; data is taken from hundreds of meteorological stations in Bolivia and converted to Excel using C language and dialect XML.
Energetic delayed hadrons in large air showers observed at 5200m above sea level
(1985) T. Kaneko; K. Hagiwara; H. Yoshii; N. Martinić; L. Siles; P. Miranda; F. Kakimoto; I. Tsuchimoto; N. Inoue; K. Suga
Energetic delayed hadrons in air showers with electron sizes in the range 10 to the 6th power to 10 to the 9th power were studied by observing the delayed bursts produced in the shield of nine square meter scintillation detectors in the Chacaltaya air-shower array. The frequency of such delayed burst is presented as a function of electron size, core distance and sec theta.
Experiment OMEGA —A proposal of cosmic ray experiment at Mt. Chacaltaya—
(1993) C. Aguirre; N. Martinić; E. H. Shibuya; Osca Saaverd; Naoya Inoue; Y. Fujimoto; S. Hasegawa; K. Yokoi; T. Shibata; Akinori Ohsawa
Abstract
Fractality in high energy cosmic rays
(Elsevier BV, 2003) N. Martinić; R. Ticona; I. Poma; F. Osco; René Gutierrez
Gamma Ray astrophysics
(Springer Science+Business Media, 1994) N. Martinić
Interplanetary propagation of steady solar injected particles
(Springer Science+Business Media, 1975) Stefano Cecchini; N. Martinić
Search for solar neutrons using NM-64 equipment
(NASA Headquarters, 1985) N. Martinić; A. Reguerín; Eduardo Palenque; M. A. Taquichiri; M. Wada; A. Inoue; Kazuyoshi Takahashi
Two years (1980 to 1982) neutron monitor data from the Chacaltaya (geographic coordinates: N16.32 deg W68. 15 deg; cutoff rigidity: 13.1 GV; altitude: 5,300 m a.s.l.) station has been scanned; the sampling time of the 12NM-64 neutron monitor is 5 min. The nucleonic component increases have been correlated with 66 hard X-, gamma rays satellite data from solar origin, as reported by several groups. Typical neutron monitor time profiles of the events are presented. Chree-analysis was performed discriminating the events according to its solar coordinates. Ground data from solar limb locii are more enhanced at the time of the onset than other geometrically visible flares. Chree histograms of neutron monitor output profiles are also presented from geometrically invisible events from the Chacaltaya station.
Simultaneous observation of families and accompanied air showers at Mt. Chacaltaya. II. Study of the hadronic component in air showers
(American Physical Society, 2000) C. Aguirre; Hiroshi Aoki; K. Hashimoto; K. Honda; N. Inoue; N. Kawasumi; Yoshikazu Maeda; N. Martinić; T. Matano; N. Ohmori
An experimental setup of an air shower array, hadron calorimeter, and emulsion chamber is being carried out at Mt. Chacaltaya (5200 m, Bolivia), in order to study the hadron interaction and the primary cosmic rays in the energy region exceeding ${10}^{15}$ eV. The number of hadrons in the air shower, detected by the hadron calorimeter, is discussed mainly in this paper. A comparison with the simulation shows that the number of hadrons in the air shower is not compatible with that of the simulation, indicating that the Feynman scaling law is violated more strongly than the one assumed in the simulation at ${10}^{16}$ eV. The average mass number of the primary cosmic rays, estimated from the distribution of the number of hadrons, is $〈\mathrm{ln}A〉=2.8\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.5$ at ${10}^{16}$ eV.
Size distributions of air showers accompanied with high energy gamma ray bundles observed at Mt. Chacaltaya
(NASA Headquarters, 1985) T. Matano; M. Machida; I. Tsuchima; N. Kawasumi; K. Honda; K. Hashimoto; N. Martinić; Juan Camilo Gómez Zapata; C. E. Navia; C. Aquirre
Size distributions of air showers accompanied with bundle of high energy gamma rays and/or large size bursts under emulsion chambers, to study the composition of primary cosmic rays and also characteristics of high energy nuclear interaction. Air showers initiated by particles with a large cross section of interaction may develop from narrow region of the atmosphere near the top. Starting levels of air showers by particles with smaller cross section fluctuate in wider region of the atmosphere. Air showers of extremely small size accompanied with bundle of gamma rays may be ones initiated by protons at lower level after penetrating deep atmosphere without interaction. It is determined that the relative size distribution according to the total energy of bundle of gamma rays and the total burst size observed under 15 cm lead absorber.
Study of hadronic component in air showers at Mt. Chacaltaya
(Elsevier BV, 2001) C. Aguirre; Hiroshi Aoki; K. Hashimoto; K. Honda; N. Inoue; N. Kawasumi; Yoshikazu Maeda; N. Martinić; N. Ohmori; A. Ohsawa