Browsing by Autor "Nelson Rojas"

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Diccionario de difonos del sintetizador de voz SEVEN. Manual de instalación y de uso
(Universidad Internacional de La Rioja, 2012) Nelson Rojas; María Alejandra Blondet; Elsa Mora
Presentamos en este artículo el diccionario de difonos (en versión escrita y en audio) utilizado por el sintetizador de voz del español venezolano (en adelante, SEVEN), así como la lista y las secuencias de palabras empleadas para construirlo. A través de la lista de palabras el usuario del sintetizador de voz tendrá la oportunidad de conocer las múltiples combinaciones de sonidos del español hablado en Venezuela utilizadas para producir la voz en elcomputador. Por otra parte en este artículo también ofrecemos al lector la información necesaria para acceder, de forma gratuita, al sintetizador de voz, junto con un didáctico manual de instalación y de uso.
DISCAPACIDAD Y COMUNICACIÓN: UNA PROPUESTA EN DESARROLLO
(Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, 2008) Elsa Mora; Nelson Rojas; Hernán Martínez Matos; Lourdes G. de Pietrosemoli
"Las sociedades albergan un amplio número de personas que de una manera u otra presentan alteraciones en su comunicación, ya sea para produc ir mensajes, para recibirlos o procesarlos. Desde esta perspectiva, este trabajo presenta los resu ltados de investigación y de aplicación que se han obtenido con el Proyecto Discapacidad y Comunicación dentro del cual el uso del sintetizador de voz ha permitido potenciar las capacidades y tale ntos de personas con ciertas discapacidades comunicativas."
Diversity, composition and structure of a tropical semideciduous forest in the Chiquitanía region of Santa Cruz, Bolivia
(Cambridge University Press, 1998) Timothy J. Killeen; Antony Jardim; Fabiana Mamani; Nelson Rojas
An exhaustive floristic inventory was conducted in a 400-ha block of tropical semideciduous forest in the Chiquitanía region of Santa Cruz, Bolivia. A total of 501 species were collected using both quantitative and traditional plant collecting methods. Trees represented the most diverse life form (124 spp), followed by herbs (101 spp), lianas (85), shrubs (66), herbaceous climbers epiphytes (15) and parasites (two). Floristic diversity was greatest for the forest floor community, when compared to either the understorey or canopy tree communities. Quantitative data were obtained for 336 species in 100 plots which contained a series of nested subplots to sample smaller-stature plants. Stem density for trees (dbh≥5 cm) was 914 trees ha−1, with a total density for all life forms estimated to be 135,000 plants ha−1; the total basal area for the forest was estimated to be 27.6 m2 ha−1. Species richness when measured by standard methods was found to be one of the highest for a dry forest region reported for the Neotropics with a mean of 70.8 spp 0.1 ha−1 (dbh ≥ 2.5 cm) and 50 spp ha−1 (dbh ≥ 10 cm). Comparison of life forms and vertical strata showed that the flora on the forest floor was more diverse than all other vertical strata combined. Habitat heterogeneity was studied using ordination procedures based on floristic data and to identify the characteristic species of three plant communities: granite outcrops, valley forest and upland forest. The most abundant tree species in the study area were Acosmium cardenasii, Neea hermaphrodita, Aspidosperma tomentosa and Galipea trifoliata, while the species with the greatest basal area were Anadenanthera colubrina, Acosmium cardenasii, Caesalpinia floribunda, Aspidosperma tomentosa, Piptadenia viridiflora, Chorisia speciosa, Tabebuia impetiginosa, Centrolobium microchaete, and Machaerium scleroxylon. Most canopy and understorey tree species had a population structure characterized by numerous juveniles and relatively few large trees, while emergent species tended to have a size-class distribution with relatively few juvenile individuals. Lianas and canopy trees were predominantly anemochorous, while understorey trees and shrubs were predominantly zoochorous; herbaceous species were largely autochorous, with only fern species relying on wind dispersal (sporochory). A comparison of structural attributes with other dry forest areas in the Neotropics, demonstrates the heterogeneous nature of vegetation types that are commonly assigned to this ecosystem. The Chiquitano dry forest shares many floristic elements with the semideciduous forests of the Andean piedmont of northwestern Argentina, the Misiones region of eastern Paraguay and northeastern Argentina, as well as the Caatinga region of northeastern Brazil.
Latin American Registry of renal involvement in COVID-19 disease. The relevance of assessing proteinuria throughout the clinical course
(2021) Raúl Lombardi; Alejandro Ferreiro; Daniela Ponce; Rolando Claure‐Del Granado; Gustavo Aroca; Yanissa Venegas; Mariana Batista Pereira; Jonathan S. Chávez-Íñiguez; Nelson Rojas; Ana Villa
Abstract The Latin American Society of Nephrology and Hypertension carried out a cohort prospective, multinational registry of patients with kidney impairment associated to COVID-19 in Latin America through open invitation in order to describe the characteristics of the disease in the region. A population of 870 patients from 12 countries were included. Median age was 63 years (54-74), most of patients were male (68.4%) and had comorbidities (87.2%). Acute kidney injury (AKI) was hospital-acquired in 64.7% and non-oliguric in 59.9%. Multiorgan dysfunction syndrome (MODS) due to COVID-19 and volume depletion were the main causes of AKI (59.2% and 35.7% respectively). Kidney replacement therapy was started in 46.2%. Non-recovery of renal function was observed in 65.3%. 71.5% of patients were admitted to ICU and 72.2% underwent mechanical ventilation. Proteinuria at admission was present in 62.4% of patients and proteinuria during hospital-stay occurred in 37.5%. Those patients with proteinuria at admission had higher burden of comorbidities, higher baseline sCr, higher mortality and MODS was severe. On the other hand, patients with de novo proteinuria had lower burden of comorbidities and near normal sCr at admission, but showed adverse course of disease and higher in-mortality. COVID-19 MODS was the main cause of AKI in both groups. All-cause mortality was 57.4%, and it was associated to age, chronic cardiac disease, fluid depletion, COVID-19 MODS, non-recovery of renal function, ICU admission, vasopressors, in-hospital complications and hospital stay. In conclusion, our study contributes to a better knowledge of this condition and highlights the relevance of the detection of proteinuria throughout the clinical course.
Latin American registry of renal involvement in COVID-19 disease. The relevance of assessing proteinuria throughout the clinical course
(Public Library of Science, 2022) Raúl Lombardi; Alejandro Ferreiro; Daniela Ponce; Rolando Claure‐Del Granado; Gustavo Aroca; Yanissa Venegas; Mariana Batista Pereira; Jonathan S. Chávez-Íñiguez; Nelson Rojas; Ana Villa
The Latin American Society of Nephrology and Hypertension conducted a prospective cohort, multinational registry of Latin American patients with kidney impairment associated to COVID-19 infection with the objective to describe the characteristics of acute kidney disease under these circumstances. The study was carried out through open invitation in order to describe the characteristics of the disease in the region. Eight-hundred and seventy patients from 12 countries were included. Median age was 63 years (54-74), most of patients were male (68.4%) and with diverse comorbidities (87.2%). Acute kidney injury (AKI) was hospital-acquired in 64.7% and non-oliguric in 59.9%. Multiorgan dysfunction syndrome (MODS) due to COVID-19 and volume depletion were the main factors contributing to AKI (59.2% and 35.7% respectively). Kidney replacement therapy was started in 46.2%. Non-recovery of renal function was observed in 65.3%. 71.5% of patients were admitted to ICU and 72.2% underwent mechanical ventilation. Proteinuria at admission was present in 62.4% of patients and proteinuria during hospital-stay occurred in 37.5%. Those patients with proteinuria at admission had higher burden of comorbidities, higher baseline sCr, and MODS was severe. On the other hand, patients with de novo proteinuria had lower incidence of comorbidities and near normal sCr at admission, but showed adverse course of disease. COVID-19 MODS was the main cause of AKI in both groups. All-cause mortality of the general population was 57.4%, and it was associated to age, sepsis as cause of AKI, severity of condition at admission, oliguria, mechanical ventilation, non-recovery of renal function, in-hospital complications and hospital stay. In conclusion, our study contributes to a better knowledge of this condition and highlights the relevance of the detection of proteinuria throughout the clinical course.
Léxico fraseológico en el habla de Mérida
(Universidad Internacional de La Rioja, 2009) Valmore Agelvis; Nelson Rojas; Raquel Vento
Este trabajo se propone el análisis de las Unidades Fraseológicas presentes en un corpus de habla de Mérida (Venezuela). Se entiende aquí que las unidades fraseológicas (UF) son formas complejas del léxico que, por su estabilidad, funcionan como lexías fijas. Se clasifican en colocaciones, locuciones y enunciados fraseológicos. Nos proponemos establecer la presencia y la frecuencia de uso de estas formas en el habla merideña, comparamos nuestros resultados con los reseñados por Corpas (1996) para un estudio en inglés canadiense según el cual los hablantes llegan a usar un 20% de estas unidades. Igualmente, consideramos las variables de género y estatus socioeconómico ya que el corpus usado, nos permite examinar las posibles influencias de estas variables en el uso de UF.