Browsing by Autor "P. Desjeux"

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Additional data on Trypanosoma cruzi isozymic strains encountered in Bolivian domestic transmission cycles
(Oxford University Press, 1986) Michel Tibayrenc; Ary A. Hoffmann; Olivier Poch; Lourdes Echalar; François Le Pont; Jean-Loup Lemesre; P. Desjeux; Francisco J. Ayala
We have collected in Bolivia 212 stocks of Trypanosoma cruzi from domestic transmission cycles and have assayed for nine enzyme systems (11 gene loci). Only a few different isozyme profiles exist, without recombination between them, a situation also encountered in previous Bolivian samples. The 212 stocks, combined with 207 stocks previously studied, have been analysed to uncover any spatial patterns. The frequency of heterozygous strains (2 and 2a) decreases westwards and with increasing altitude. Given that longitude and altitude are correlated with each other, it is not possible to decide which of these two geographic variables is the relevant one, or if both are. These associations might be due to climatic factors. Studies by other authors have shown, however, that heterozygous strains are rare or absent in the Amazon Basin, which is at low altitude.
Antigenic specificity of the 72-kilodalton major surface glycoprotein of Leishmania braziliensis braziliensis
(American Society for Microbiology, 1991) Shirley Kutner; Patrice Pellerin; Simone Frédérique Brénière; P. Desjeux; J. P. Dédet
We examined the expression and the antigenicity of the major surface polypeptides of Leishmania braziliensis braziliensis and Leishmania donovani chagasi, parasites which commonly coexist in the same endemic areas of Bolivia. Sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis protein profiles from surface-iodinated promastigotes showed the presence of a unique iodinatable polypeptide of 72 kDa on the L. b. braziliensis surface and of two major components of 65 and 50 kDa exposed at the surface of L. d. chagasi. Comparison of the peptide digestion profiles of the major iodinated polypeptides of both strains showed no similarity between the maps of the 72- and the 65-kDa polypeptides of L. b. braziliensis and L. d. chagasi, respectively. Immunoprecipitation of surface-labeled L. b. braziliensis Nonidet P-40 extracts with 35 serum specimens obtained from Bolivian patients with cutaneous and mucocutaneous leishmaniasis showed that all serum specimens recognized predominantly the 72-kDa antigen and high-molecular-mass proteins in some cases. The recognition patterns were independent of the geographical origin of the patient, the type of lesion, and the serum antibody titer. Serum specimens from children with visceral leishmaniasis did not precipitate the L. b. braziliensis 72-kDa antigen. Hamster hyperimmune serum against L. b. braziliensis also recognized the 72-kDa surface antigen. However, this recognition was inhibited in the presence of the homologous nonlabeled antigen but not in the presence of heterologous (L. d. chagasi and Trypanosoma cruzi) antigens. The specific recognition of 72-kDa surface antigen in both natural and experimental L. b. braziliensis infections suggests that this antigen could be a good candidate for use in the differential immunodiagnosis and prognosis of the disease.
Cutaneous leishmaniasis in Bolivia. A study of 185 human cases from Alto Beni (La Paz Department). Isolation and isoenzyme characterization of 26 strains of Leishmania brasiliensis brasiliensis
(Oxford University Press, 1987) P. Desjeux; S. Mollinedo; François Le Pont; Andres Paredes; G Ugarte
A clinical, serological, parasitological and therapeutic study of cutaneous leishmaniasis was carried out in a low sub-andean area (250-800 metres) of the La Paz Department, Bolivia. A team of seismic prospectors (350 workers) was surveyed for 12 months. Of 200 suspected cases of cutaneous leishmaniasis, 185 were serologically or parasitologically confirmed (incidence 52.8%). Those exposed to the greatest risk of infection were working in a virgin forest environment. Leishmanial organisms were isolated from 26 of the workers, either by in vitro cultivation or inoculation into hamsters. Isoenzyme characterization of the organisms by cellulose acetate electrophoresis showed them to be Leishmania braziliensis braziliensis [corrected]. The results of treatment of 168 patients with a pentavalent antimonial drug are also reported.
Depressão humoral específica em pacientes crônicos infectados pelo Trypanosoma cruzi
(University of São Paulo, 1984) Simone Frédérique Brénière; Olivier Poch; Hugo Selaes; Michel Tibayrenc; Jean-Loup Lemesre; G Antezana; P. Desjeux
Realizamos um estudo comparativo entre o xenodiagnóstico e os testes sorológicos para a doença de Chagas. Cento e cincoenta pacientes de algumas áreas endêmicas foram estudados. Quatro deles pareceram revelar um estado particular com um xenodiagnóstico positivo e uma sorologia negativa, esta realizada com quatro diferentes técnicas clássicas (teste de immunofluorescência, ELISA: Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay, teste de fixação do complemento e teste de immuno-eletroforese). O soro de um dos pacientes que apresentou depressão humoral específica mostra elevada quantidade de antígenos circulantes comprovada pela técnica da immuno-eletroforese. Os Autores sugerem o uso de um teste sorológico para detectar a presença de antígenos circulantes de T. cruzi, além da utilização de testes sorológicos clássicos. Isto permitiria o diagnóstico da doença de Chagas em pacientes com uma baixa (ou mesmo inexistente) produção de anticorpos específicos.
Descriptions de deux nouvelles espèces de Phlébotomes (Diptera : Psychodidae) de région subandine de Bolivie
(Société entomologique de France, 1991) François Le Pont; P. Desjeux
Résumé. — Description de deux nouvelles espèces de Phlébotomes de région subandine de Bolivie (ait. : 900-2700 m). Lutzomyia torresi n. sp. est très proche de Lutzomyia boliviana qui n'a jusqu'à maintenant été rattachée à aucun groupe ou série ; elle est cavernicole ou péridomestique et se nourrit sur chauves-souris et poulets. Lutzomyia mollinedoi n. sp. est une espèce proche de Lutzomyia oliveirae , Lutzomyia brisolai et Lutzomyia waltoni ; elle n'a été trouvée que dans des grottes où elle se nourrit sur les vampires ( Desmodus rotundus ).
Diagnosis by Isozyme Methods of Two Cryptic Species, Psychodopygus Carrerai and P. Yucumensis (Diptera: Psychodidae)1
(Oxford University Press, 1986) T. Caillard; Michel Tibayrenc; François Le Pont; Jean‐Pierre Dujardin; P. Desjeux; F.J. Ayala
Journal Article Diagnosis by Isozyme Methods of Two Cryptic Species, Psychodopygus Carrerai and P. Yucumensis (Diptera: Psychodidae) Get access T. Caillard, T. Caillard 2Instituto Boliviano de Biología de Altura (IBBA), Embajada de Francia, Casilla 824, La Paz, Bolivia. Send reprint requests to this address Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar M. Tibayrenc, M. Tibayrenc 3IBBA, and SSC ORSTOM, 70-74 route d'Aulnay, 93140 Bondy, France6Department of Genetics, University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar F. Le Pont, F. Le Pont 3IBBA, and SSC ORSTOM, 70-74 route d'Aulnay, 93140 Bondy, France Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar J.P. Dujardin, J.P. Dujardin 4IBBA, and Institut de Médecine tropicale “Prince Leopold,” 155 Nationalestraat, B-2000 Antwerpen, Belgium Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar P. Desjeux, P. Desjeux 5IBBA, and Institut Pasteur, 28 rue du Docteur Roux, 75015 Paris, France Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar F.J. Ayala F.J. Ayala 6Department of Genetics, University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Journal of Medical Entomology, Volume 23, Issue 5, 19 September 1986, Pages 489–492, https://doi.org/10.1093/jmedent/23.5.489 Published: 19 September 1986
Domestic and peridomestic transmission of American cutaneous leishmaniasis: changing epidemiological patterns present new control opportunities
(Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Ministério da Saúde, 2001) Diarmid Campbell‐Lendrum; Jean-Pierre Dujardin; E. Martínez; M. Dora Feliciangeli; Jeanneth Pérez; Laura Ney Marcelino Passerat de Silans; P. Desjeux
Predictions that deforestation would reduce American cutaneous leishmaniasis incidence have proved incorrect. Presentations at a recent international workshop, instead, demonstrated frequent domestication of transmission throughout Latin America. While posing new threats, this process also increases the effectiveness of vector control in and around houses. New approaches for sand fly control and effective targeting of resources are reviewed.
Evaluation of a Competitive Antibody Enzyme Immunoassay for Specific Diagnosis of Chagas' Disease
(American Society of Parasitologists, 1989) Washington R. Cuna; Carlos A. Rodríguez; Faustino Torrico; D. Afchain; Marc Loyens; P. Desjeux
A competitive enzyme immunoassay based on the use of a monoclonal antibody (MAb) specific for "component 5" of Trypanosoma cruzi was evaluated. The antigenicity and immunogenicity of this component has been observed in natural and experimental infections. The studies were conducted in an area of Bolivia where mixed infections with Leishmania braziliensis are frequent and present a problem in the accurate diagnosis of T. cruzi infections. The specificity and sensitivity of this assay as compared to the indirect immunofluorescence and ELISA tests were demonstrated. The present test has proved to be more specific than the immunofluorescence and ELISA tests.
Generic sodium stibogluconate is as safe and effective as branded meglumine antimoniate, for the treatment of tegumentary leishmaniasis in Isiboro Secure Park, Bolivia
(Maney Publishing, 2006) Harry Bermudez; E. Rojas; Lineth García; P. Desjeux; J.-C. Dujardin; Marleen Boelaert; François Chappuis
Human cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) and mucous leishmaniasis (ML) are highly endemic in Isiboro Secure Park, which lies in the Bolivian department of Cochabamba--an area where branded meglumine antimoniate (Glucantime) is expensive and poorly distributed. The safety and efficacy of generic sodium stibogluconate (SSG), from Albert David Ltd, was therefore explored, in CL and ML cases from the park, who were treated with 20 mg/kg.day for 20 and 30 days, respectively. A questionnaire recording adverse effects was completed by a physician in each treatment centre. Efficacy of treatment was assessed at the end of treatment and at follow-ups 1 month and 3, 6 and 12 months later. Overall, 146 patients completed treatment with SSG in 2003-2004. No fatalities or severe adverse effects were reported but mild to moderate adverse effects were noted in 41 (28%) of the patients. The incidence of adverse effects was significantly higher among the cases of ML than among the cases of CL. Of the 86 patients with CL who completed 6 months of follow-up, 81 (94.2%) were considered to have been clinically cured; a comparable cohort of 69 CL cases who had been treated with Glucantime in 2001-2002 showed a similar frequency of clinical cure (90%). Generic SSG was shown to be safe and efficacious for the treatment of tegumentary leishmaniasis in Bolivia. Being several times cheaper than Glucantime, it could contribute to improving the access of CL and ML patients to treatment, not only in Bolivia but also in other countries of Latin America.
Identification of a major 72 kilodalton surface antigen in twelve isolates of Leishmania braziliensis braziliensis
(Elsevier BV, 1987) Dominique Legrand; P. Desjeux; François Le Pont; Simone Frédérique Brénière; Jean-Loup Lemesre; F Santoro; A Capron
Isoenzyme characterization of 112 Leishmania isolates from French Guiana
(Oxford University Press, 1989) P. Desjeux; Jean-Pierre Dedet
112 Leishmania isolates, obtained in French Guiana from human lesions, phlebotomine sandflies and wild mammals, were characterized by isoenzyme electrophoresis. Leishmania braziliensis guyanensis and L. mexicana amazonensis were found parasitizing different natural hosts. L.b. guyanensis was the dominant species (103 isolates) responsible for most of the human lesions (96.7%). Based on variations observed in 2 enzymes, 3 distinct zymodemes were distinguished within the L.b. guyanensis taxon.
Isozyme Evidence of Lack of Speciation Between Wild and Domestic Triatoma Infestans (Heteroptera: Reduviidae) in Bolivia1
(Oxford University Press, 1987) Jean Dujardin; Michel Tibayrenc; Evaristo Venegas; Liliana Ximena Muñoz Maldonado; P. Desjeux; Francisco J. Ayala
Wild and domestic Triatoma infestans from the Cochabamba region of Bolivia were virtually identical at 19 gene loci coding for enzymes. No allele was distinctive of either the wild or the domestic populations. Hence, there is no evidence that the 2 populations are different species. Domestic populations separated by 20 km showed statistically significant differences in allelic frequencies; this is compatible with the hypothesis of other authors that migrations of T. infestans are limited when feeding conditions are satisfactory. Fifteen trypanosomatid stocks isolated from wild T. infestans were shown by isozyme analysis to be Trypanosoma cruzi. This provides evidence that wild T. infestans are involved in the Chagas' disease cycle. The T. cruzi isozymic strains from wild T. infestans were genetically similar to those isolated from domestic T. infestans in the same region. This supports the hypothesis that there is no speciation between wild and domestic T. infestans, and that wild and domestic T. cruzi cycles may overlap in this region.
[Leishmaniasis in Bolivia. IV. The dog in the cycles of leishmaniasis in Bolivia].
(National Institutes of Health, 1992) François Le Pont; S. Mollinedo; Jean Mouchet; P. Desjeux
In Bolivia, the dog is involved in the cycle of visceral leishmaniasis (Leishmania (Le.) chagasi) in the Yungas (alt. 1,000-2,000 m), and also in the cycle of cutaneous leishmaniasis (Le. (V.) braziliensis) in the Alto Beni (alt. 400-600 m). But it plays a different role in the two cycles. In the Yungas focus, it is the main reservoir of Le. (Le.) chagasi and the source of contamination for man. In the Alto Beni focus, it is only a "victim-host", like man, of Le. (V.) braziliensis; the reservoir of which is unknown. Wild mammals are very likely to be involved.
Leishmaniasis in Bolivia: V. Human strains of Leishmania (V.) braziliensis from the Department of Pando
(Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Ministério da Saúde, 1989) J.M. Torres Espejo; Francine Pratlong; François Le Pont; Jean Mouchet; P. Desjeux; J. A. Rioux
Leishmaniasis in the Lowlands of Bolivia (Leishbol): Part VII. Preliminary Characterization of Eleven Leishmania Isolates
(1989) R. Urjel; M. Recacoechea; P. Desjeux; Harry Bermudez; G Villarroel; S. Balderrama; José Miguel Carrasco; Olga Aguilar; J. Cl. Dujardin; D. Le Ray
Leishmaniasis in the Lowlawnds of Bolivia (Leishbol): Part VIII. Characterization and Identification of Bolivian Isolates by PFG Karyotyping
(1989) J. Cl. Dujardin; Nadesan Gajendran; R. Hamers; G. Matthijsen; R. Urjel; M. Recacoechea; G Villarroel; Harry Bermudez; P. Desjeux; Simonne De Doncker
Leishmaniose en Bolivie: IV. Le chien dans les cycles des leishmanioses en Bolivie
(Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Ministério da Saúde, 1989) François Le Pont; S. Mollinedo; Jean Mouchet; P. Desjeux
En Bolivie le chien domestique est impliqué dans le cycle de la leishmaniose viscérale (Leishmania (Le.) chagasi) das les Yungas (alt. 1,000-2,000 m) et aussi dans le cycle de la leishmaniose tégumetaire (Le. (V.) braziliensis) dans l'Alto Beni (alt. 400-600 m). Mais il joue un rôle différent dans les deux cycles. Il est le prencipal résevoir, peut-être l'unique de Le. (Le.) chagasi dans les Yungas, et la source de contamination de l'home. Dans l'Alto Beni, il n'est seulement qu'une victime, comme l'home, de Le. (V.) braziliensis, dont le réservoir reste inconnu, les soupçons se portant sur des mammifères sauvages.
Phlébotomes de Bolivie : 3. Description de Lutzomyia andersonis n.sp. (Diptera, Psychodidae)
(Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, 1988) François Le Pont; P. Desjeux
Phlébotomes de Bolivie : 4. Lutzomyia (Trichophoromyia) beniensis, n.sp. (Diptera, Psychodidae)
(Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, 1987) François Le Pont; P. Desjeux
Phlébotomes de Bolivie : 6. Description de Lutzomyia (Trichopygomyia) gantieri n.sp. (Diptera, Psychodidae)
(Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, 1987) François Le Pont; P. Desjeux