Browsing by Autor "Pablo D. Valencia"

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Assessment of Obsessive Thoughts About COVID-19 in 7 Latin American Countries: Structure and Measurement Invariance of the Obsession With COVID-19 Scale
(SAGE Publishing, 2023) Tomás Caycho‐Rodríguez; Renzo Rivera; Lindsey W. Vilca; Carlos Carbajal‐León; Pablo D. Valencia; Daniel E. Yupanqui-Lorenzo; Walter L. Arias Gallegos; Mario Reyes-Bossio; Nicol Oré-Kovacs; Claudio Rojas-Jara
The present study aimed to evaluate the measurement invariance of the Obsession with COVID-19 Scale (OCS) among seven Latin American countries: Bolivia, Brazil, Cuba, El Salvador, Guatemala, Paraguay, and Uruguay. Although the OCS has been used in several countries and languages, there is a need for approaches that better integrate the cross-cultural equivalence of the scale. A total of 3185 people participated in the study. The results indicated the presence of a unidimensional structure and good reliability indices for the OCS in each country. The alignment method indicated that the OCS is an invariant measure of COVID-19 obsession among the populations of seven Latin American countries. The findings based on IRT analysis indicated that all OCS items had adequate discrimination and difficulty parameters. The findings contribute to the understanding of the internal structure of the scale in different countries at the same time, something that has been pending evaluation.
COVID-19 anxiety, psychological well-being and preventive behaviors during the COVID-19 pandemic in Latin America and the Caribbean: relationships and explanatory model
(Springer Science+Business Media, 2022) Tomás Caycho‐Rodríguez; José M. Tomás; Pablo D. Valencia; José Ventura‐León; Lindsey W. Vilca; Carlos Carbajal‐León; Mario Reyes-Bossio; Michaël White; Claudio Rojas-Jara; Roberto Polanco-Carrasco
COVID-19 Bereavement in Ten Latin American Countries: Measurement Invariance of the Pandemic Grief Scale and Its Relation to Suicidal Ideation
(SAGE Publishing, 2021) Tomás Caycho‐Rodríguez; Pablo D. Valencia; Lindsey W. Vilca; Sherman A. Lee; Carlos Carbajal‐León; Andrea Vivanco-Vidal; Daniela Saroli-Araníbar; Mario Reyes-Bossio; Michaël White; Claudio Rojas-Jara
The present study aimed to evaluate the cross-cultural measurement invariance of the Pandemic Grief Scale (PGS) in ten Latin American countries. A total of 2,321 people who had lost a family member or other loved one due to COVID-19 participated, with a mean age of 34.22 years old (SD = 11.99). In addition to the PGS, a single item of suicidal ideation was applied. The unidimensional model of the PGS had adequate fit in most countries and good reliability estimates. There was evidence of measurement invariance by country and gender. Also, a one-point increase in the PGS was associated with an almost twofold increase in the odds of suicidal ideation. Scores greater than or equal to 4 on the PGS are proposed as a cut off to identify individuals with suicidal ideation. Strong evidence of the cross-cultural validity of the PGS is provided.
Cross-cultural invariance of the Spanish version of the COVID-19 Assessment Scorecard to measure the perception of government actions against COVID-19 in Latin America
(Springer Science+Business Media, 2023) Tomás Caycho‐Rodríguez; Pablo D. Valencia; José Ventura‐León; Carlos Carbajal‐León; Lindsey W. Vilca; Mario Reyes-Bossio; Mariel Delgado-Campusano; Daniel E. Yupanqui-Lorenzo; Rubí Paredes-Ángeles; Claudio Rojas-Jara
Cross-Cultural Validation of a New Version in Spanish of Four Items of the Preventive COVID-19 Infection Behaviors Scale (PCIBS) in Twelve Latin American Countries
(Frontiers Media, 2021) Tomás Caycho‐Rodríguez; Lindsey W. Vilca; Pablo D. Valencia; Carlos Carbajal‐León; Andrea Vivanco-Vidal; Daniela Saroli-Araníbar; Mario Reyes-Bossio; Michaël White; Claudio Rojas-Jara; Roberto Polanco-Carrasco
The invariance of the Preventive COVID-19 Infection Behaviors Scale (PCIBS) was evaluated in 12 Latin American countries (Argentina, Bolivia, Chile, Colombia, Cuba, Ecuador, El Salvador, Guatemala, Mexico, Paraguay, Peru, and Uruguay). A total of 5183 people from the aforementioned countries participated, selected using the snowball sampling method. Measurement invariance was assessed by multigroup confirmatory factor analysis (MG-CFA) and Multi-Group Factor Analysis Alignment (CFA-MIAL). In addition, item characteristics were assessed based on Item Response Theory. The results indicate that the original five-item version of the PCIBS is not adequate; whereas a four-item version of the PCIBS (PCIBS-4) showed a good fit in all countries. Thus, using the MG-CFA method, the PCIBS-4 achieved metric invariance, while the CFA-MIAL method indicated that the PCIBS-4 shows metric and scalar invariance. Likewise, the four items present increasing difficulties and high values in the discrimination parameters. The comparison of means of the PCIBS-4 reported irrelevant differences between countries; however, Mexico and Peru presented the highest frequency of preventive behaviors related to COVID-19. It is concluded that the PCIBS-4 is a unidimensional self-report measure which is reliable and invariant across the twelve participating Latin American countries. It is expected that the findings will be of interest to social and health scientists, as well as those professionals directly involved in public health decision making.
Cross-cultural validation of the new version of the Coronavirus Anxiety Scale in twelve Latin American countries
(Springer Science+Business Media, 2022) Tomás Caycho‐Rodríguez; Pablo D. Valencia; Lindsey W. Vilca; Carlos Carbajal‐León; Andrea Vivanco-Vidal; Daniela Saroli-Araníbar; Mario Reyes-Bossio; Michaël White; Claudio Rojas-Jara; Roberto Polanco-Carrasco
Design and Cross-Cultural Invariance of the COVID-19 Vaccine Conspiracy Beliefs Scale (COVID-VCBS) in 13 Latin American Countries
(Frontiers Media, 2022) Tomás Caycho‐Rodríguez; Pablo D. Valencia; José Ventura‐León; Lindsey W. Vilca; Carlos Carbajal‐León; Mario Reyes-Bossio; Michaël White; Claudio Rojas-Jara; Roberto Polanco-Carrasco; Miguel Gallegos
The results allow for improved understanding of conspiracy beliefs about COVID-19 vaccines in the countries assessed; furthermore, they provide researchers and practitioners with an invariant measure that they can use in cross-cultural studies in Latin America. However, further studies are needed to test invariance in other countries, with the goal of developing a truly international measure of conspiracy beliefs about COVID-19 vaccines.
Invariance of the COV19 - impact on quality of life (COV19-QoL) measurement in people who lost a loved one during the COVID-19 pandemic from four south American countries
(Drustvo Psihologa Srbije, 2025) Tomás Caycho‐Rodríguez; Daniel E. Yupanqui-Lorenzo; Héctor Sánchez Carlessi; Carlos Reyes Romero; Patricia Matos Ramírez; Carlos Carbajal-León; Lindsey W. Vilca; Pablo D. Valencia; José Ventura‐León; Mario Reyes-Bossio
The COV19 - Impact on Quality of Life (COV19-QoL) has been used as a measure of the perceived impact of COVID-19 on quality of life; however, little is known about its cross-cultural utility. The present study evaluated the measurement invariance of COV19-QoL in adult samples (N = 1034; Mage = 35.7 years; SD = 13.3 years; 68.3% women) from four South America countries (Ecuador, Colombia, Per? y Bolivia). The COV19-QoL unidimensional model fit indices were adequate in all the countries (CFI = 1.00, TLI = 0.99, SRMR = 0.02, RMSEA = 0.10). Both the alpha and omega indices had acceptable values ranging from 0.91 to 0.94 in all countries. Factorial invariance was evaluated using the alignment method, and invariance was obtained for the factorial weights (R2 = 1.00) and intercepts (R2 = 1.00), admitting the approximate invariance of COV19-QoL. The COV19-QoL can be recommended to meaningfully compare relationships between variables between groups and to compare latent means in four South American populations.
Network Analysis of Posttraumatic Growth Dimensions: A Cross-Sectional Study in People Who Experienced the Death of a Loved One from COVID-19 in 16 Latin American Countries
(SAGE Publishing, 2023) Tomás Caycho‐Rodríguez; Jonatan Baños-Chaparro; José Ventura‐León; Lindsey W. Vilca; Carlos Carbajal‐León; Pablo D. Valencia; Daniel E. Yupanqui-Lorenzo; Rubí Paredes-Ángeles; Walter L. Arias Gallegos; Mario Reyes-Bossio
The present study aimed to apply a network analysis model to provide an exploratory empirical conceptualization of dynamic networks of posttraumatic growth (PTG) symptoms in 7,434 people who experienced the death of a loved one from COVID-19 in 16 Latin American countries. The Post-Traumatic Growth Inventory: Short Form of Eight Items was used. A non-regularized network with partial correlation coefficients was estimated through the ggmModSelect algorithm. The network architecture was analyzed for each country through its local properties and global properties. The results indicated that the networks differed significantly between countries. The core dimensions in the networks were relating to others, personal strength, and life value and opportunities, which were more related dimensions that reinforce the emergence of PTG in all countries. The findings may be useful to motivate researchers and mental health professionals to consider the importance of the individual dimensions of PTG in groups of people who experienced the death of a loved one from COVID-19 in 16 Latin American countries, as well as their interrelationships.
Network analysis of the relationships between conspiracy beliefs towards COVID-19 vaccine and symptoms of fear of COVID-19 in a sample of latin american countries
(Springer Science+Business Media, 2022) Tomás Caycho‐Rodríguez; José Ventura‐León; Pablo D. Valencia; Lindsey W. Vilca; Carlos Carbajal‐León; Mario Reyes-Bossio; Mariel Delgado-Campusano; Claudio Rojas-Jara; Roberto Polanco-Carrasco; Miguel Gallegos
Pandemic Grief and Suicidal Ideation in Latin American Countries: A Network Analysis
(SAGE Publishing, 2024) Tomás Caycho‐Rodríguez; Jonatan Baños-Chaparro; José Ventura‐León; Sherman A. Lee; Lindsey W. Vilca; Carlos Carbajal‐León; Daniel E. Yupanqui-Lorenzo; Pablo D. Valencia; Mario Reyes-Bossio; Nicol Oré-Kovacs
This study aimed to characterize the network structure of pandemic grief symptoms and suicidal ideation in 2174 people from eight Latin American countries. Pandemic grief and suicidal ideation were measured using the Pandemic Grief Scale and a single item, respectively. Network analysis provides an in-depth characterization of symptom-symptom interactions within mental disorders. The results indicated that, "desire to die," "apathy" and "absence of sense of life" are the most central symptoms in a pandemic grief symptom network; therefore, these symptoms could be focal elements for preventive and treatment efforts. Suicidal ideation, the wish to die, and the absence of meaning in life had the strongest relationship. In general, the network structure did not differ among the participating countries. It identifies specific symptoms within the network that may increase the likelihood of their co-occurrence and is useful at the therapeutic level.
Prevalence and Predictors of Intention to be Vaccinated Against COVID-19 in Thirteen Latin American and Caribbean Countries
(Springer Science+Business Media, 2022) Tomás Caycho‐Rodríguez; Pablo D. Valencia; Lindsey W. Vilca; Carlos Carbajal‐León; Andrea Vivanco-Vidal; Daniela Saroli-Araníbar; Mario Reyes-Bossio; Michaël White; Claudio Rojas-Jara; Roberto Polanco-Carrasco
Relationship Between Fear of COVID-19, Conspiracy Beliefs About Vaccines and Intention to Vaccinate Against COVID-19: A Cross-National Indirect Effect Model in 13 Latin American Countries
(SAGE Publishing, 2023) Tomás Caycho‐Rodríguez; José M. Tomás; Daniel E. Yupanqui-Lorenzo; Pablo D. Valencia; Carlos Carbajal‐León; Lindsey W. Vilca; José Ventura‐León; Rubí Paredes-Ángeles; Walter L. Arias Gallegos; Mario Reyes-Bossio
The present study explored the predictive capacity of fear of COVID-19 on the intention to be vaccinated against COVID-19 and the influence in this relationship of conspiracy beliefs as a possible mediating psychological variable, in 13 Latin American countries. A total of 5779 people recruited through non-probabilistic convenience sampling participated. To collect information, we used the Fear of COVID-19 Scale, Vaccine conspiracy beliefs Scale-COVID-19 and a single item of intention to vaccinate. A full a priori Structural Equation Model was used; whereas, cross-country invariance was performed from increasingly restricted structural models. The results indicated that, fear of COVID-19 positively predicts intention to vaccinate and the presence of conspiracy beliefs about COVID-19 vaccines. The latter negatively predicted intention to vaccinate against COVID-19. Besides, conspiracy beliefs about COVID-19 vaccines had an indirect effect on the relationship between fear of COVID-19 and intention to vaccinate against COVID-19 in the 13 countries assessed. Finally, the cross-national similarities of the mediational model among the 13 participating countries are strongly supported. The study is the first to test a cross-national mediational model across variables in a large number of Latin American countries. However, further studies with other countries in other regions of the world are needed.
Sociodemographic Factors Associated with Social Tolerance for Intimate Partner Violence in Peru: Evidence from the National Survey of Social Relations, 2019
(SAGE Publishing, 2022) Brenda Caira‐Chuquineyra; Daniel Fernandez‐Guzman; Dayanne Orellana; Andrea Elena Pomareda Vera; Cristhoper J. Gomez; Pablo D. Valencia; Víctor Román-Lazarte
Our objective was to determine the factors associated with social tolerance for intimate partner violence (IPV) in the Peruvian population. A population-based cross-sectional study was conducted. Data from the 2019 National Survey of Social Relations (ENARES) of Peru were used. This survey collected data from a total of 1,026 Peruvians aged 18 years and older. Multilevel linear regression models were performed to evaluate the factors associated with a standardized index of social tolerance for IPV. Likewise, a stratified analysis was performed according to sex. Being older (β = .01; 95% confidence interval [CI]: .01-.01) and living outside the capital (β = 0.24; 95% CI: .07-0.41) were associated with greater social tolerance for IPV. On the other hand, being female (β = -0.26; 95% CI: -0.36 to -0.17) and having a higher educational level were associated with lower tolerance. In the stratified analysis by sex, in both men and women, being older and having a higher level of education were associated with higher and lower tolerance for IPV, respectively. On the other hand, living outside the capital was associated with greater tolerance only in men. In Peru, older people and those living outside the capital showed greater acceptance of IPV, while women and those with higher levels of education expressed rejection of IPV.
What Is the Support for Conspiracy Beliefs About COVID-19 Vaccines in Latin America? A Prospective Exploratory Study in 13 Countries
(Frontiers Media, 2022) Tomás Caycho‐Rodríguez; José Ventura‐León; Pablo D. Valencia; Lindsey W. Vilca; Carlos Carbajal‐León; Mario Reyes-Bossio; Michaël White; Claudio Rojas-Jara; Roberto Polanco-Carrasco; Miguel Gallegos
Conspiracy theories about COVID-19 began to emerge immediately after the first news about the disease and threaten to prolong the negative impact of the COVID-19 pandemic by limiting people's willingness of receiving a life-saving vaccine. In this context, this study aimed to explore the variation of conspiracy beliefs regarding COVID-19 and the vaccine against it in 5779 people living in 13 Latin American countries (Argentina, Bolivia, Chile, Colombia, Cuba, Ecuador, El Salvador, Guatemala, Mexico, Paraguay, Peru, Uruguay and Venezuela) according to sociodemographic variables such as gender, age, educational level and source of information about COVID-19. The study was conducted during the COVID-19 pandemic between September 15 and October 25, 2021. The Spanish-language COVID-19 Vaccine Conspiracy Beliefs Scale (ECCV-COVID) and a sociodemographic survey were used. The results indicate that, in most countries, women, people with a lower educational level and those who receive information about the vaccine and COVID-19 from family/friends are more supportive of conspiracy ideas regarding the COVID-19 vaccine. In the case of age, the results vary by country. The analysis of the responses to each of the questions of the ECCV-COVID reveals that, in general, the countries evaluated are mostly in some degree of disagreement or indecision regarding conspiratorial beliefs about COVID-19 vaccines. The findings could help open further study which could support prevention and treatment efforts during the COVID-19 pandemic.