Browsing by Autor "Paula Guevara-Aladino"

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The effect of an urban Cable Car on Social Capital: the case of TransMiCable in Bogotá, Colombia
(2024) Olga L. Sarmiento; Andrés F. Useche; María Alejandra Rubio; Diana Higuera-Mendieta; Paula Guevara-Aladino; Eliana Martinez; Luis A. Guzmán; Victor A. Cantillo-Garcia; Joan Benach
<title>Abstract</title> <bold>Background:</bold> Large informal or precarious settlements at cities' peripheries embody the inequalities in Latin America. The measurement and assessment of the social capital could help understand the social implication of transport interventions such as cable cars, intended to better connect peripheral settlements. The aim of this study was to measure changes in social capital (SC) for the purpose of evaluating the social impact of TransMiCable cable car, implemented in 2018 in the city of Bogotá, Colombia. <bold>Methodology:</bold> Urban Transformations and Health: The Case of TransMiCable in Bogotá is a natural experiment in which baseline and follow up household surveys were collected before and after the implementation of TransMiCable. To measure social capital (SC), SC latent classes were identified using latent transition analysis. We used six dimensions of SC that might be affected by an urban intervention: networking (structural and relational), trust (horizontal and vertical), and civic engagement (cooperation and empowerment). The number of classes was determined by optimizing low BIC and high entropy. To assess the effect of TransMiCable, we estimated the class transitions probabilities and compared them between intervention and control between baseline and follow-up. <bold>Results:</bold> We followed 1679 individuals, 825 (49.1%) resided in the intervention area, and 854 (50.9%) resided in the control area. No differences were observed between intervention and control groups regarding the distribution of the classes per each SC construct at baseline. We found three SC latent classes: 1) Predominantly bonding -higher tendency to establish networks and trust in their families. 2) Predominantly bridging -moderate tendency to trust in friends and neighbors 3) Predominantly linking - higher tendency to trust in governmental organizations, establish networks with them and, higher civic engagement to cooperate in infrastructure and transport problems. The odds of transitioning from predominantly bonding class to predominantly bridging class were 3.34 times higher in the intervention group than in the control (95% CI 2.43-4.62). The odds of transitioning from predominantly bridging and predominantly linking to predominantly bonding was 73% and 66% lower respectively in the intervention as compared to the control group (OR:0.27 95% CI:0.19-0.38 and 0.34 95% CI:0.28-0.71]. This suggests that TransMiCable increased the odds of belonging to a class mainly characterized by having a higher tendency to trust in friends and neighbors as compared to the control group. <bold>Discussion:</bold> The results of this study highlight that the TransMiCable urban transformation facilitated interactions among people and relations within communities, contributing to building bridging social capital. The predominance of the transitions to the bridging SC class uncovers the community engagement and participation as a relevant social outcome from the urban transformation.
Urban Care for Unpaid Caregivers: Community Voices in the Care Block Program, in Bogotá, Colombia
(Springer Science+Business Media, 2024) Paula Guevara-Aladino; Olga L. Sarmiento; María Alejandra Rubio; Lina María Gómez-García; Zakaria Nadeem Doueiri; Diego Martínez; Abby C. King; Adriana Hurtado Tarazona; Ann Banchoff; Luis A. Guzmán
The Care Block of Bogotá, Colombia, is an urban program that offers services for low-income unpaid caregivers. This study aimed to (i) characterize unpaid caregivers' subjective well-being, mental health symptoms, physical activity levels, and use of public spaces linked to the Care Block; (ii) identify caregivers' perceived built and social environment facilitators and barriers to accessing the Care Block facility; and (iii) document the community-led advocacy process to improve the Care Block program. The quantitative component included a subjective well-being and mental health symptoms survey, and the System for Observing Play and Recreation in Communities (SOPARC) instrument. The qualitative component included the Our Voice citizen science method augmented with portable virtual reality equipment to engage participants in advocacy for changes. Participants (median age of 53 years) dedicated a median of 13.8 h a day to unpaid caregiving, had an average subjective well-being score of 7.0, and 19.1% and 23.8% reported having depression and generalized anxiety symptoms respectively. Caregivers reported that the program fosters their perception of purpose, enjoyment, resilience, and cognitive and emotional awareness. SOPARC evaluation showed that most women engaged in moderate to vigorous physical activity. The caregivers highlighted education, physical activity services, and integration of facilities as facilitators to accessing the Care Block program. Poor quality and lack of sidewalks and roads, limited personal safety, and the risk of pedestrian-vehicle collisions were identified as barriers. Virtual Reality sparked compelling dialogue between participants and stakeholders, allowing stakeholders to reflect on an urban program facilitating unpaid care work.
Urban Care for Unpaid Caregivers: community' voices in the Care Block program, in Bogotá, Colombia.
(2023) Paula Guevara-Aladino; Olga L. Sarmiento; María Alejandra Rubio; Lina María Gómez-García; Zakaria Nadeem Doueiri; Diego Martínez; Abby C. King; Adriana Hurtado; Ann Banchoff; Luis A. Guzmán
<title>Abstract</title> The Care Blocks of Bogotá, Colombia, are an urban planning program that offers services for low-income unpaid caregivers and their dependents. This study aimed to i) characterize the experiences of unpaid caregivers in the areas of well-being and physical activity levels and the use of public spaces linked to the Care Block; ii) identify caregivers’ perceived built and social environment facilitators and barriers to access and use the Care Block facility; and iii) document the community-led advocacy process to further advance benefits of the Care Block program. The quantitative component included a survey and the System for Observing Play and Recreation in Communities (SOPARC) instrument. The qualitative component used the Our Voice citizen science method augmented with portable virtual reality equipment to engage participants in advocacy for community changes. Participants (N=21; photos and audio recordings=257) had a median age of 53 years (IQR = 40-63) and dedicated a median of 13.5 hours a day to unpaid caregiving. SOPARC evaluation results (108 observed participants) showed that most women (87.13%) engaged in moderate to vigorous physical activity (e.g., dancing). The caregivers highlighted education, physical activity services, and integration of facilities as facilitators to accessing the Care Block program. Poor quality and lack of sidewalks and roads, limited personal safety, and the risk of pedestrian-vehicle collisions were identified as barriers. Virtual Reality helped promote data visualization and create a compelling opportunity to spark dialogue between participants and stakeholders. This study allowed stakeholders to reflect on an urban initiative facilitating unpaid care work.