Browsing by Autor "Raquel Sandoval"

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    Molecular Characterization of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1-Infected Individuals from Bolivia Reveals the Presence of Two Distinct Genetic Subtypes B and F
    (Mary Ann Liebert, Inc., 2000) Ketty G Velarde-Dunois; Monick Lindenmeyer Guimarães; Cynthia L. de la Fuente; Rafael Alves de Andrade; Rafael Arévalo; Silvio Pantoja; R. Mariscal; Raquel Sandoval; Fanny Iriarte; V. Chamón
    Thirty HIV-1-positive samples from Bolivia were genetically characterized on the basis of HMA and DNA sequencing, revealing the presence of B and F subtypes, in accordance with the molecular epidemiology pattern already described for other South American countries such as Brazil and Argentina. The interpatient divergence of subtype B Bolivian specimens was on average 14.2% (4.3-19.8%) at the nucleotide level, whereas the two unlinked subtype F samples (BO23 and BO29) were only 8.2% divergent, suggesting a more recent introduction of this subtype in the country. In our study group, which represents 13% of the HIV/AIDS cases already described in Bolivia as of May 1996, the transmission occurred more frequently through heterosexual exposures (46.7%), followed by homosexual (23.3%), bisexual (10%), intravenous drug use (3.3%), and vertical (3.3%); in one case the potential exposure category could not be defined (3.3%). No association could be established between exposure categories, gender, or clinical classification and subtype distribution in the Bolivian HIV/AIDS patients.