Browsing by Autor "Roberto Salinas"

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A cold wave of winter 2021 in central South America: characteristics and impacts
(Springer Science+Business Media, 2023) José A. Marengo; Jhan Carlo Espinoza; L. Bettolli; Ana Paula Martins do Amaral Cunha; Jorge Molina‐Carpio; María de los Milagros Skansi; Kris Correa; Andrea M. Ramos; Roberto Salinas; Juan Pablo Sierra
Propuesta metodológica para definir la vocación minera en el contexto del ordenamiento territorial venezolano
(Spanish National Research Council, 2015) Roberto Salinas; Flavio Dal Pozzo; Adalberto Padrón
La minería es una actividad económica necesaria para abastecer de materias primas a las diferentes cadenas socio-productivas del país. Su instauración depende de las condiciones geológicas de un área y constituye un objeto de planificación debido a que requiere que se oriente su localización en el espacio geográfico atendiendo tanto a la fragilidad del medio, como al contexto socioeconómico y político-institucional imperante en un momento dado. En este orden de ideas, el objetivo de esta investigación consiste en proponer un modelo metodológico para definir áreas con vocación minera adaptado al contexto del ordenamiento territorial venezolano, en función de asignar usos mineros en los lugares más apropiados para este fin; a partir de la selección, valoración e integración de una serie de variables e indicadores ajustados a la información temática disponible.
The heat wave of October 2020 in central South America
(Wiley, 2021) José A. Marengo; Tércio Ambrizzi; Naurinete Barreto; Ana Paula Martins do Amaral Cunha; Andrea M. Ramos; Milagros Skansi; Jorge Molina‐Carpio; Roberto Salinas
Abstract During September–November 2020, the meteorological services of Brazil, Argentina, Peru, Paraguay, and Bolivia reported record‐high maximum temperatures in several warm spells during this season. Positive and significant trends in heat wave frequency, intensity, and duration have been recorded since the 1980s, particularly in large cities. In this study, a heat wave is defined as a period in which both daily maximum and minimum air temperatures exceed the corresponding climatological 90th percentile for three or more consecutive days during September–November 2020. In this period, an intense heat wave during the first half of October and two heat waves events in November resulted in record‐breaking daily maximum temperatures in several locations in central South America. Places experienced temperature of about 10°C above normal, and some locations reported maximum temperatures above 40°C for several days in a row. Because its intensity and geographical extension, affecting central South America from southern Peruvian Amazon to southeastern Brazil, the heat wave of September 23–October 15 was selected as a case study. This intense heat wave was due a persistent atmospheric blocking located starting in late September and lasting until middle October 2020, a continuous presence of a warm air mass for several consecutive days contributed to pronounced positive temperature anomalies, possibly reinforced by extremely low soil moisture. This makes it easier for these high‐pressure systems to generate extreme heat waves because more of the sun's energy is going into heating the atmosphere rather than evaporating non‐existent water in the soil. This heat wave aggravated the drought over the Pantanal and other regions in October 2020, increasing fires and impacts on natural and human systems, representing a severe drought‐heat compound event. This vicious cycle of drought and extreme heat is of the kind expected under a warming climate.