Browsing by Autor "Sergio Moreno"

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Allergen immunotherapy for atopic dermatitis: Systematic review and meta-analysis of benefits and harms
(Elsevier BV, 2022) Juan José Yepes-Núñez; Gordon Guyatt; Luis G. Gómez-Escobar; Lucía C. Pérez-Herrera; A. Chu; Renata Ceccaci; Ana Sofía Acosta-Madiedo; Aaron Wen; Sergio Moreno; Margaret MacDonald
Association between trust in the incumbent president and COVID-19 preventive behaviors during the pandemic in four Latin American countries
(Escola Nacional de Saúde Pública, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, 2025) Juliana Mejía-Grueso; Glória Isabel Niño Cruz; Javiera Alarcón-Aguilar; Pablo Roa; Sergio Moreno; Adriano Akira Ferreira Hino; Alexandre Augusto de Paula da Silva; Fernándo López; Deborah Salvo; Rodrigo Siqueira Reis
The COVID-19 pandemic revealed disparities in policy responses in Latin America. We examined the association between trust in the president and COVID-19 preventive behaviors in Brazil, Chile, Colombia, and Mexico. We used data from the Collaborative COVID-19 Response Survey by the McDonnell Academy at Washington University in St. Louis (United States), from September 2020 to March 2021. Nonprobabilistic sampling included adult citizens from the four countries. Multivariate negative binomial regression models were applied. The study included 8,125 participants, with Brazil showing the lowest adherence to preventive behaviors (65.5%). Increased adoption of preventive behaviors was linked with ages 18-26 (aIRR = 1.05; 95%CI: 1.01-1.09), 60 or more (aIRR = 1.10; 95%CI: 1.05-1.15), and high socioeconomic status (aIRR = 1.09; 95%CI: 1.05-1.13). Decreased engagement was linked to participants from Brazil (aIRR = 0.74; 95%CI: 0.71-0.78), Mexico (aIRR = 0.95; 95%CI: 0.92-0.99), basic education (aIRR = 0.75; 95%CI: 0.68-0.84), intermediate education (aIRR = 0.88; 95%CI: 0.85-0.91), low socioeconomic status (aIRR = 0.91; 95%CI: 0.87-0.94), lack of concern about contracting COVID-19 (aIRR = 0.93; 95%CI: 0.88-0.98), and poor knowledge about COVID-19 (aIRR = 0.92; 95%CI: 0.88-0.96). No significant association was found between trust in the president and preventive behaviors. Targeted communication, public education, and improved access to reliable information are crucial for fostering preventive behaviors. Public health practitioners should not overly concern themselves with political rhetoric, as our study suggests that trust in political authorities may not systematically affect compliance with directives.
Elevation of Aminotransferases and Total Bilirubin Levels as Prognostic Markers of Mortality in Adults Hospitalized for COVID-19. A Cohort Study
(Sociedad Argentina de Gastroenterologia, 2024) Andrés Fernando Rodríguez-Gutiérrez; Camilo Andrés Duarte-Calderón; Sergio Moreno
<i>Elevated transaminases and total bilirubin levels are frequent findings in patients with COVID-19 and hypoxemia. Aspartate aminotransferase and total bilirrubin were predictive of mortality in these patients, so their measurement on admission is a reasonable practice. Progress needs to be made in incorporating these markers into predictive models of mortality and clinical decision rules.</i>
External validation of the ACC/AHA ASCVD risk score in a Colombian population cohort
(Nature Portfolio, 2023) Carlos Daniel Rodriguez Ariza; Alfredo Cabrera-Villamizar; Astrid Lorena Rodríguez-Pulido; Santiago Callegari; Natalia Rodriguez; Mónica Pinilla‐Roncancio; Sergio Moreno; Carlos A. Sánchez-Vallejo
No cardiovascular risk score has included Latin American patients in its development. The ACC/AHA ASCVD risk score has not been validated in Latin America; consequently, its predictive capacity in the population of the region is unknown. The aim of this study is to evaluate the discrimination capacity and calibration of the ACC/AHA ASCVD score to predict the 10-year risk of a cardiovascular event in a primary prevention cohort followed in a Colombian hospital. A retrospective cohort study was conducted in primary prevention patients belonging to an intermediate/high-risk and low-risk cohort without established atherosclerotic disease. Cardiovascular risk was calculated at inclusion. The calibration was analyzed by comparing observed and expected events in the different risk categories. A discrimination analysis was made using the area under the ROC curve and C statistic. A total of 918 patients were included-202 from the intermediate/high-risk and 716 from the low-risk cohort. The median cardiovascular risk was 3.6% (IQR 1.7-8.5%). At the 10-year follow-up, 40 events (4,4%) occurred. The area under the ROC curve was 0.782 (95% CI 0.71-0.85). The Hosmer-Lemeshow test did not show differences between expected and observed events. The ACC/AHA ASCVD score is calibrated and has good discrimination capacity in predicting 10-year risk of cardiovascular events in a Colombian population.
Long-term dynamics of natural, vaccine-induced, and hybrid immunity to SARS-CoV-2 in a university hospital in Colombia: A cohort study
(2024) Nohemí Caballero; Diana M. Monsalve; Yeny Acosta‐Ampudia; Natalia Fajardo; Sergio Moreno; Oscar Martínez; Catalina González-Uribe; Carolina Ramı́rez-Santana; Juliana Quintero
<title>Abstract</title> This prospective cohort study aimed to estimate the natural, vaccine-induced, and hybrid immunity to SARS-CoV-2, alongside the immunogenicity of the mRNA-1273 booster after the BNT162b2 primary series in healthcare workers in Colombia. IgG, IgA, and neutralizing antibodies were measured in 110 individuals with SARS-CoV-2 infection or a BNT162b2 primary series. Humoral responses and related factors were explored in a subgroup (n = 36) that received a BNT162b2 primary series followed by a mRNA-1273 booster (2BNT162b2 + 1mRNA-1273), and T-cell responses were evaluated in a subgroup of them (n = 16). For natural immunity, IgG and IgA peaked within three months, declining gradually but remaining detectable up to 283 days post-infection. Neutralizing antibody inhibition post-infection was below positive range (≥ 35%) but exceeded 97% in vaccine-induced and hybrid immunity groups. Following 2BNT162b2 + 1mRNA-1273, IgG peaked 3–4 months post-booster, gradually declining but remaining positive over 10 months, with IgA and neutralizing antibodies stable. Age and blood group were related to IgG response, while obesity and blood type to IgA response post-booster. Autoimmunity and blood type B were associated with lower neutralizing antibody inhibition. There were no differences in T-cell responses according to prior infection. These findings provide long-term insights into the immunity against SARS-CoV-2 and the immunogenicity of mRNA vaccines.
Lurasidone response in bipolar type I depression with childhood trauma exposure
(University of Oxford, 2025) Hernán F Guillen-Burgos; Juan F. Gálvez‐Flórez; Sergio Moreno; Roger S McIntyre
This study provides evidence that CT, particularly PA, attenuates the antidepressant effects of lurasidone in BD type I depression, leading to lower response and remission rates in both monotherapy and combination therapy with lithium. These findings underscore the clinical importance of screening for CT in BD to guide personalized treatment strategies. Identifying trauma history may help clinicians optimize treatment selection, considering the potential need for combination pharmacotherapy and adjunctive trauma-focused psychotherapeutic interventions to improve outcomes in this vulnerable population.
“My Body, My Rhythm, My Voice”: a community dance pilot intervention engaging breast cancer survivors in physical activity in a middle-income country
(2022) María Alejandra Rubio; Carlos M. Mejía-Arbeláez; Maria A. Wilches-Mogollon; Sergio Moreno; Carolyn Finck; Lisa G. Rosas; Sol Angie Romero; Paula Guevara; Santiago Cabas; Oscar Rubiano
<title>Abstract</title> <bold>Background:</bold> Interventions to promote physical activity among women breast cancer survivors (BCS) in low to middle-income countries are limited. We assessed the acceptability and preliminary effectiveness of a theory-driven group dance intervention for BCS delivered in Bogotá, Colombia. <bold>Methods:</bold> We conducted a quasi-experimental study employing a mixed-methods approach to assess the 8-week, 3 times/week group dance intervention. The effect of the intervention on participants’ physical activity levels (measured by accelerometry), motivation to engage in physical activity, and quality of life were evaluated using Generalized Estimating Equations analysis. The qualitative method included semi-structured interviews thematically analyzed to evaluate program acceptability. <bold>Results:</bold> Sixty-four BCS were allocated to the intervention (N=31) or the control groups (N=33). In the intervention arm, 84% attended ≥60% of sessions. We found increases on average minutes of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity per day (intervention: +8.99 vs control: -3.7 min; <italic>p </italic>= 0.01), and in ratings of motivation (intervention change score= 0.45, vs. control change score= -0.05; <italic>p</italic> = 0.01). BCS reported improvements in perceived behavioral capabilities to be active, captured through the interviews. <bold>Conclusions:</bold> The high attendance, behavioral changes, and successful delivery indicate the potential effectiveness, feasibility, and scalability of the intervention for BCS in Colombia.<bold>Trial registration: </bold>Clinical trials NCT05252780, registered on Dec 7th, 2021 – Retrospectively registered Unique protocol ID: P20CA217199-9492018.<bold> </bold>
PHENOTYPIC VARIATION IN DISEASE SEVERITY AMONG HOSPITALIZED PEDIATRIC PATIENTS WITH COVID-19: ASSESSING THE IMPACT OF COVID-19 IN THE EPICO STUDY
(2023) Melisa Naranjo Vanegas; María Camila Sossa; Mónica Paola Gutiérrez; Natalia Becerra; Luz Yessenia Ortegon; María Camila David; Pablo Vásquez‐Hoyos; María Lucia Mesa-Rubio; Sergio Moreno; Olga Lucía Baquero Castañeda
Background: SARS-CoV-2 infection has been extensively documented since the onset of the pandemic, particularly in the adult population. However, there is a lack of evidence describing the phenotypic manifestations of the disease in the pediatric population. We aimed to characterize the clinical phenotypes of SARS-CoV-2 infection in hospitalized children. Methods: The EPICO study is a multicenter cohort conducted between April 2020- November 2021, involving 55 institutions in Spain and 13 institutions in Colombia. Hospitalized children aged 29 days to 17 years with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection were included to determine the disease´s evolution, severity factors, and outcomes. Cluster analysis was conducted to characterize clinical phenotypes. Results: A total of 2318 patients from Colombian and Spanish institutions were included. The population was 55% male, with infants being the largest group (36%). Five distinct phenotype clusters emerged, differing significantly in clinical and epidemiological characteristics. Cluster 1 (26.57%) consisted of infants without comorbidities, with low PICU admission and mortality rates. Cluster 2 (18.5%) had respiratory comorbidities, high co-detection, and mortality rates. Cluster 3 (11.51%) showed fever, gastrointestinal symptoms, and high PICU admission. Cluster 4 (32.09%) had mild unspecific symptoms and low mortality. Cluster 5 (11.3%) included adolescents without comorbidities, with low co-detection and hospitalization rates. Comparable findings were observed in both countries. Conclusion: Our study successfully identified distinct patterns of clinical and epidemiological characteristics associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection in hospitalized pediatric patients. These findings may help shape future guidelines and improve risk stratification in children.
Reduction of chronic malnutrition risk and chronic malnutrition through a public health intervention in children under one year of age in Bogotá, Colombia
(2020) Paula Andrea Castro Prieto; Kenny Margarita Trujillo Ramírez; Sergio Moreno; Juan Sebastián Holguín; Diana Pineda; Simón Tomasi; Andrea Ramírez Varela
<title>Abstract</title> <bold>Background: </bold>As Bogotá is one of the regions with the highest prevalence of chronic malnutrition (13%) in Colombia, exceeding the national figure of 10.8%, a public-private alliance was established to address this situation within the framework of intersectoral action: the private organizations Fundación Santa Fe de Bogotá and Fundación Éxito, local government agencies of the Mayor's Office of Bogotá (Secretaría Distrital de Salud and the Secretariat de Integración Social) and agencies at the national level (Instituto Colombiano de Bienestar Familiar [Colombian Institute of Family Welfare], including its regional office in Bogotá). Therefore, the objective was to determine the effectiveness of an intersectoral public health intervention with the population under one year of age, classified as at risk of chronic malnutrition and with chronic malnutrition by anthropometry, residing in 3 prioritized territories of the Capital District. <bold>Methods:</bold> Pre-experimental, before and after study that sought to determine the magnitude of the change in nutritional status in children under one-year-old residing in 3 prioritized territories of Bogotá through a ten months public health nutrition intervention. <bold>Results:</bold> The intervention comprised 1126 children living in the following territories in Bogotá: Kennedy, San Cristóbal, and Engativá. A total of 43.3% children presented delay in height for age, and 56.7% presented risk of short stature. In the final measurement, data were obtained from 686 children, identifying that 17% of the children progressed from stunting to a stunting risk and that 4.5% recovered their growth trajectory, achieving an adequate height for their age. <bold>Conclusions: </bold>That children classified as at risk or stunting at the beginning of the intervention showed an increased probability of approaching or being in the appropriate growth trajectory according to the height-for-age indicator after the intervention. In addition, the risk of stunting is a reversible condition if interventions are implemented in a timely manner and with intersectoral action for which it is imperative to link the community itself as a key sector for direct action and to organize all actors and sectors having missionary purposes with this population.