Browsing by Autor "Susana Zacchino"

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Screening of Latin American plants for antiparasitic activities against malaria, Chagas disease, and leishmaniasis
(Taylor & Francis, 2010) Ángela I. Calderón; Luz Romero; Eduardo Ortega‐Barría; Pablo N. Solís; Susana Zacchino; Alberto Giménez; Roberto Pinzón; Armando Cáceres; Giselle Tamayo‐Castillo; Carlos A. Guerra
In order to explore rationally the medical potential of the plant biodiversity of the Central and South American region as a source of novel antiparasitic molecules, a multinational Organization of American States (OAS) project, which included the participation of multidisciplinary research centers from Argentina, Bolivia, Colombia, Costa Rica, Guatemala, Nicaragua and Panama, was carried out during the period 2001-2004. This project aimed at screening organic plant extracts for antitrypanosomal, antileishmanial and antimalarial activities and subsequently isolating and characterizing bioactive molecules. Plants for antiparasitic screening were selected from a database of ethnomedical uses of Latin American plants (PlanMedia) based on the amount of biological and chemical information available in the literature. We report here the evaluation of 452 extracts from 311 plant species in vitro screens against Plasmodium falciparum, Leishmania mexicana, and Trypanosoma cruzi. Out of 311 species tested, 17 plants (5.4%) showed antiparasitic activities at IC(50) values < or = 10 microg/mL. The most active plants were Acnistus arborescens (L.) Schltdl. (Solanaceae) (leaf, EtOH, IC(50): 4 microg/mL) Monochaetum myrtoideum Naudin (Melastomataceae) (leaf, MeOH, IC(50): 5 microg/mL) and Bourreria huanita (Lex.) Hemsl. (Boraginaceae) (branch, EtOH, IC(50): 6 microg/mL). These were selectively active against P. falciparum, L. mexicana and T. cruzi, respectively.
Screening of Latin American Plants for Cytotoxic Activity
(Taylor & Francis, 2006) Ángela I. Calderón; Yelkaira Vázquez; Pablo N. Solís; Catherine Caballero-George; Susana Zacchino; Alberto Giménez; Roberto Pinzón; Armando Cáceres; Giselle Tamayo‐Castillo; Mireya Correa
The SRB cytotoxicity assay was used to screen plant extracts, in a collaborative multinational OAS project involving Argentina, Bolivia, Colombia, Costa Rica, Guatemala, Nicaragua and Panama, against breast (MCF-7), lung (H-460), and central nervous system (SF-268) human cancer cell lines. Out of 310 species tested, 23 (7.4%) plants showed cytotoxic activity at GI50 values ≤10 µg/ml. The most active plants were Thevetia ahouai., Physalis viscosa., Piper jacquemontianum., Piper barbatum., Senna occidentalis., Tovomita longifolia., and Lippia cardiostegia.. Blepharocalyx salicifolius. and Senna occidentalis. were selectively active against one cell line, SF-268 or MCF-7, respectively. Within the framework of this project, 14 compounds have been isolated, 5 new (4 benzophenones, coumarin) and 9 known to the literature. But only the bioassay-guided fractionation of the active extract of Piper barbatum. leaves, which led to the isolation of three known compounds: (2′E., 6′E.)-2-farnesyl-1,4-benzoquinone (1), (2′E., 6′E.)-2-farnesylhydroquinone (2), and dictyochromenol (3), is reported here. The chemical structures of 1 and 2 were determined by spectral means (1D, 2D NMR, MS) and chemical data. Among these three, (2′E., 6′E.)-2-farnesyl-1,4-benzoquinone was the most active (MCF-7 GI50 = 1.8 µg/ml; H-460 GI50 = 4.8 µg/ml; SF-268 GI50 = 3.5 µg/ml).
Subcutaneous antifungal screening of Latin American plant extracts against<i>Sporothrix schenckii</i>and<i>Fonsecaea pedrosoi</i>
(Taylor & Francis, 2011) Isabel Gaitán; Ana Margarita Paz; Susana Zacchino; Giselle Tamayo‐Castillo; Alberto Giménez; Roberto Pinzón; Armando Cáceres; Mahabir P. Gupta
S. schenkii and F. pedrosoi were inhibited by B. huanita (MIC: 12.5 and 25 µg/mL), G. gaudichaudianum (MIC: 50 and 12.5 µg/mL) and T. triflora (MIC: 25 µg/mL).
Value of the ethnomedical information for the discovery of plants with antifungal properties. A survey among seven Latin American countries
(Elsevier BV, 2009) Laura Svetaz; Federico Zuljan; Marcos Derita; Elisa M. Petenatti; Giselle Tamayo‐Castillo; Armando Cáceres; Valdir Cechinel Filho; Alberto Giménez; Roberto Pinzón; Susana Zacchino