Browsing by Autor "Thierry Winkel"

Now showing 1 - 9 of 9

Assessing the protective effect of vertically heterogeneous canopies against radiative frost: The case of quinoa on the Andean Altiplano
(Elsevier BV, 2009) Thierry Winkel; Jean-Paul Lhomme; J.P. Nina Laura; C. Mamani Alcón; Carmen Del Castillo; Alain Rocheteau
Calling for a reappraisal of the impact of quinoa expansion on agricultural sustainability in the Andean highlands
(University of Tarapacá, 2014) Thierry Winkel; Ricardo Álvarez-Flores; Daniel Bertero; Pablo Cruz; Carmen Del Castillo; Richard Joffre; Santiago Peredo Parada; Luís Sáez Tonacca
The debate on the environmental and social sustentainability of quinoa in its area of major world production (southern highlands of Bolivia) revived with the acceptance by the United Nations of the Bolivian proposal to declare in 2013 as the Year of the Quinoa. Public debate focused on local impacts of quinoa expansion in the Southern highlands of Bolivia, denouncing several negative impacts of quinoa culture such as land degradation, socioeconomic disrupts and biodiversity loss. However, the global or at least the international implications of the expanding quinoa market were less debated and often in caricature, varying between culpability and ingenuity among consumers, while Andean producers were described as trapped by poverty or short sighted greed. If researchers are to make a relevant contribution to the debate on the impact of quinoa expansion on the social and environmental sustainability of the Andean agriculture, is it necessary to re-evaluate present knowledge and ignorance about local Andean production systems integrated with links at the global scales, taking into account local- global interactions. In the present paper are revisited some major ill- founded assertions commonly expressed in this debate and three lines of arguments are used to support the need for a more cautious and ethical approach to quinoa related issues.
Genetic structure of quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) from the Bolivian altiplano as revealed by RAPD markers
(Springer Science+Business Media, 2006) Carmen Del Castillo; Thierry Winkel; Grégory Mahy; Jean‐Philippe Bizoux
Panarchy of an indigenous agroecosystem in the globalized market: The quinoa production in the Bolivian Altiplano
(Elsevier BV, 2016) Thierry Winkel; Pierre Bommel; Marco Chevarría-Lazo; Geneviève Cortés; Carmen Del Castillo; Pierre Gasselin; François Léger; Juan-Peter Nina-Laura; Serge Rambal; Muriel Tichit
Plant growth dynamics and root morphology of little-known species of <i>Chenopodium</i> from contrasted Andean habitats
(Canadian Science Publishing, 2013) Ricardo Álvarez-Flores; Thierry Winkel; David Degueldre; Carmen Del Castillo; Richard Joffre
Plant morphology determines the access to soil resources, a feature crucial for early growth in annual species. Plant growth and root traits in little-known species of Andean chenopods were compared with the hypothesis that plants from low-resource habitats show traits that enhance resource capture. Three cultivated Chenopodium populations (two populations of the tetraploid Chenopodium quinoa Willd., one population of the diploid Chenopodium pallidicaule Aellen) and one population of their wild tetraploid relative Chenopodium hircinum Schrad. were grown in pots under nonlimiting conditions over nine weeks of early vegetative growth. All populations followed the same sequence of biomass allocation and showed similar maximal values of shoot and root relative growth rates (RGR). Population differences in plant biomass, net assimilation rate, total root length, and specific root length were associated with seed mass ranking and species ploidy level. Chenopodium quinoa produced less branched stems and maintained high root RGR for a longer time than the other two species, and the C. quinoa population from low-resource habitat showed a faster main root growth. These results show that C. pallidicaule developed a plant growth syndrome adapted to cold, high-altitude habitats, while C. quinoa from low-resource habitats showed an improved capacity to explore soil at depth in early growth stages.
Quinoa
(University of Copenhagen, 2012) Sam Geerts; Magali García; Sven-Erik Jacobsen; Jean Vacher; Thierry Winkel; Daniel Bertero
Response of some Andean cultivars of quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) to temperature: Effects on germination, phenology, growth and freezing
(Elsevier BV, 2006) J.F. Bois; Thierry Winkel; Jean-Paul Lhomme; Jean-Pierre Raffaillac; Alain Rocheteau
The Sustainability of Quinoa Production in Southern Bolivia: from Misrepresentations to Questionable Solutions. Comments on Jacobsen (2011, J. Agron. Crop Sci. 197: 390–399)
(Wiley, 2012) Thierry Winkel; Daniel Bertero; Pierre Bommel; Jean Bourliaud; Marco Chevarria Lazo; Geneviève Cortés; Pierre Gasselin; Sam Geerts; Richard Joffre; F. Léger
Abstract Reviewing the situation of quinoa production in southern Bolivia, Jacobsen (2011, J. Agron. Crop Sci. 197: 390) argues that the booming export market has a negative effect on the environment and on the home consumption of quinoa, thereby leading to an environmental disaster in the region. In view of the scarcity of scientific knowledge on the rapid social and environmental dynamics in the region, we consider that Jacobsen’s review misrepresents the situation of quinoa production in southern Bolivia. Specifically, we argue that (i) the data presented by Jacobsen (2011, J. Agron. Crop Sci. 197: 390) do not support any drop in quinoa crop yield supposed to reflect soil degradation and (ii) his demonstration regarding home consumption of quinoa is ill‐founded from both a nutritional and a cultural point of view. We suggest that the diffusion of the arguments exposed by Jacobsen (2011, J. Agron. Crop Sci. 197: 390), because of their flaws, might have strong negative impacts on those concerned with sustainable food production and fair‐trade with developing countries. We conclude that, rather than reinforced agro‐technical controls on local farmers, the rising competition in the international quinoa market requires a shift towards an ethical economy and ethical research cooperation with quinoa producers.
Variación fenotípica intra- e inter-poblaciones en siete poblaciones de quinua del Altiplano boliviano
(2014) Carmen R. Del Castillo Gutiérrez; Thierry Winkel
La quinua (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) muestra una gran variación genética, tanto molecular como morfológica, cuya organización sigue poco conocida. Por medio de ANOVAs y dendrograma caracterizamos la estructura de la variación de marcadores morfofenológicos registrados desde la emergencia hasta la madurez fisiológica en siete poblaciones de quinuas cultivadas dos años en jardín común. Los resultados muestran que la varianza morfo-fenológica se concentra en niveles de población y familia, cuando los rasgos relacionados con la producción de biomasa muestran alta variación a nivel interindividual. Estos resultados tienen implicancias agroecológicas relacionadas con el origen geográfico de las poblaciones. La comparación de clasificaciones fenotípica y molecular sugiere que no hay erosión genética en las poblaciones de quinua muestreadas.