Browsing by Autor "Universidad de los Andes, Bogotá, Colombia"

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Construcción y validación del Repositorio de Expresiones Faciales Emocionales Colombianas
(CIG Media Group, 2020) Sofía Zapata-Orozco; José Zapata-González; Carlos Gantiva; Paola Suárez-Pico; Mauricio Barrera-Valencia; Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia; Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia; Universidad de los Andes, Bogotá, Colombia; Fundación Universitaria Konrad Lorenz, Bogotá, Colombia; Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia
Phenotypic traits affect the response to emotional faces. In Colombia, an image bank of emotional faces has not been built and validated. The objective of this study was to build and validate a bank of photographs of Colombian emotional faces (joy, anger, sadness, fear, disgust, surprise and neutral expression/rest), through a methodology similar to that used in the design of other banks of emotional expressions. The study was carried out with 80 participants (43 women), to whom each of the 70 emotional expressions of the Repository of Colombian Emotional Facial Expressions (REFEC) was presented. From previous studies in this field, the percentage of correctness and the Fleiss kappa coefficient (degree of agreement between evaluators) were taken as validity indices. Additionally, reaction time was measured as an index of cognitive demand for the recognition of emotional expression. The results show a percentage of correctness higher than that of other stimulus banks of emotional expressions and a good / excellent concordance index (similar to that of other instruments). Together, the results suggest that REFEC is a valid image bank of emotional facial expressions for use in the Colombian population.
Dispositional mindfulness is associated with less cognitive fusion and better effortful control in young people: The mediating role of repetitive negative thinking
(Konrad Lorenz Fundación Universitaria, 2022) Juan Camilo Vargas-Nieto; Ignacio Montorio; Carlos Gantiva; Manuel Froufe; Fundación Universitaria Konrad Lorenz, Bogotá, Colombia; Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, España; Universidad de los Andes, Bogotá, Colombia; Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, España
Introduction: The scientific community is taking an increasing interest in mindfulness due to its positive association with physical and psychological health indicators. However, there is still ongoing debate as to whether there could be other explanations for these effects. Aim: This study explores the relationships between dispositional mindfulness, cognitive fusion, effortful control and repetitive negative thinking (RNT). RNT was chosen as a potential mediating variable due to its presence in multiple psychological disorders. Method: A mediation analysis was performed using the bootstrap method with 5000 replications on data collected from a non-clinical sample of 415 young adults who completed a battery of online questionnaires. Results: Dispositional mindfulness is negatively associated with measures of RNT, effortful control and cognitive fusion. The analyses indicate that the effect that dispositional mindfulness has on cognitive fusion in young people can be partially mediated with medium effect size by RNT. Conclusion: RNT may play a central role as an underlying process in the link between mindfulness and different psychological aspects.
The role of cognitive schemas and childhood adversity in the likelihood of developing Major Depressive Disorder
(Konrad Lorenz Fundación Universitaria, 2022) Yvonne Gómez; María Marcela Velásquez Toledo; Catalina Cañizares; Catalina González Uribe; Ileana Manzanilla; Eugenio Ferro; Diana Agudelo; Álvaro Arenas; María Claudia Lattig; Universidad de los Andes, Bogotá, Colombia
Introduction/objective: Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) is a multifactorial mental health disorder. Stressful events and childhood abuse have been included in different models to explain its etiology. However, little evidence is available on how attributional style and early maladaptive schemas are related to MDD. Method: A retrospective case-control study using a three-stage hierarchical logistic model was conducted to explore the relationship between MDD and psychosocial variables such as childhood adversity, stressful life events, attributional style, and cognitive schemas in a sample of 171 individuals with a current depressive episode and 171 healthy controls. Results: Depression could be predicted by childhood adversity, an attributional style characterized by interpreting stressful events as negative and uncontrollable and the cognitive schemas in impaired autonomy/performance domains and impaired limits. Conclusions: Our results highlight the relevance of identifying cognitive factors, beyond clinical symptoms that could be useful to better understand MDD. These findings may result in better preventive programs and create awareness of the role of cognitive domains in MDD.