Browsing by Autor "Witchuda Kamolvit"

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Amaranthus caudatus extract inhibits the invasion of E. coli into uroepithelial cells
(Elsevier BV, 2018) Soumitra Mohanty; Silvia Zambrana; Soizic Dieulouard; Witchuda Kamolvit; Vera Nilsén; Eduardo Gonzáles; Claes‐Göran Östenson; Annelie Brauner
Extract of Clinopodium bolivianum protects against E. coli invasion of uroepithelial cells
(Elsevier BV, 2017) Soumitra Mohanty; Witchuda Kamolvit; Silvia Zambrana; Corine Sandström; Eduardo Gonzáles; Claes‐Göran Östenson; Annelie Brauner
HIF-1 mediated activation of antimicrobial peptide LL-37 in type 2 diabetic patients
(Springer Science+Business Media, 2021) Soumitra Mohanty; Witchuda Kamolvit; Silvia Zambrana; Eduardo Gonzáles; Jonas Tovi; Kerstin Brismar; Claes‐Göran Östenson; Annelie Brauner
Infections are common in patients with diabetes, but increasing antibiotic resistance hampers successful bacterial clearance and calls for alternative treatment strategies. Hypoxia-inducible factor 1 (HIF-1) is known to influence the innate immune defense and could therefore serve as a possible target. However, the impact of high glucose on HIF-1 has received little attention and merits closer investigation. Here, we show that higher levels of proinflammatory cytokines and CAMP, encoding for the antimicrobial peptide cathelicidin, LL-37, correlate with HIF-1 in type 2 diabetic patients. Chemical activation of HIF-1 further enhanced LL-37, IL-1β, and IL-8 in human uroepithelial cells exposed to high glucose. Moreover, HIF-1 activation of transurethrally infected diabetic mice resulted in lower bacterial load. Drugs activating HIF-1 could therefore in the future potentially have a therapeutic role in clearing bacteria in diabetic patients with infections where antibiotic treatment failed. KEY MESSAGES: • Mohanty et al. "HIF-1 mediated activation of antimicrobial peptide LL-37 in type 2 diabetic patients." • Our study highlights induction of the antimicrobial peptide, LL-37, and strengthening of the innate immunity through hypoxia-inducible factor 1 (HIF-1) in diabetes. • Our key observations are: 1. HIF-1 activation increased LL-37 expression in human urothelial cells treated with high glucose. In line with that, we demonstrated that patients with type 2 diabetes living at high altitude had increased levels of the LL-37. 2. HIF-1 activation increased IL-1β and IL-8 in human uroepithelial cells treated with high glucose concentration. 3. Pharmacological activation of HIF-1 decreased bacterial load in the urinary bladder of mice with hereditary diabetes. • We conclude that enhancing HIF-1 may along with antibiotics in the future contribute to the treatment in selected patient groups where traditional therapy is not possible.
Lupinus mutabilis Edible Beans Protect against Bacterial Infection in Uroepithelial Cells
(Hindawi Publishing Corporation, 2018) Witchuda Kamolvit; Vera Nilsén; Silvia Zambrana; Soumitra Mohanty; Eduardo Gonzáles; Claes‐Göran Östenson; Annelie Brauner
Lupinus mutabilis is a South American herb with edible beans, known to reduce serum glucose levels in diabetic patients. Furthermore, L. mutabilis contains phytochemicals known to decrease bacterial load. Based on the increased urinary tract infections experienced among patients with diabetes, we investigated the effect of L. mutabilis on bladder epithelial cells in the protection of E. coli infection during normal and high glucose concentrations. We did not observe any direct antibacterial effect by L. mutabilis extract. Instead we observed an influence on the host cells, with indirect impact on bacteria and their possibility of causing infection. L. mutabilis extract decreased adhesion to bladder epithelial cells of uropathogenic bacteria, including drug-resistant strains. Moreover, uroplakin1a, involved in adhesion, was downregulated while the antimicrobial peptide RNase 7 was upregulated in L. mutabilis treated cells irrespectively of glucose concentration. This supports an early effect fighting bacteria. Additionally, L. mutabilis prevented bacterial biofilm formation, which is used by bacteria to evade the immune system and antibiotics. In summary, L. mutabilis protects against bacterial infection in uroepithelial cells by preventing adhesion through alteration of the cell surface, increasing antimicrobial peptide expression, and reducing biofilm formation. Together, this promotes bacterial clearance, suggesting that L. mutabilis as extract or as a dietary item can contribute to the prevention of urinary tract infections, which is of importance in an era of increasing antibiotic resistance.