Browsing by Autor "Wolf L. Eiserhardt"

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Subandean and adjacent lowland palm communities in Bolivia
(2012) Henrik Balslev; Zamir Pérez Durán; Dennis Pedersen; Wolf L. Eiserhardt; Adriana Sanjinés Asturizaga; Narel Y. Paniagua-Zambrana
Se estudio la diversidad de comunidades de palmeras en la zona subandina y en tierras bajas adyacentes en 65 transectos (5 x 500 m), que abarcan 16.25 hectareas de bosque distribuidas en un area de 700 x 125 km en el centro-norte de Bolivia. Un total de 38 especies de palmeras fueron encontradas en nuestros transectos. La comunidad de palmeras mas diversa fue la del bosque de hoja perenne de terra firme (28 especies, 4.080 individuos por hectarea) seguida por los bosques premontanos < 800 m, (19 sp. y 2.873 ind./ha) y los bosques inundable de tierras bajas de hoja perenne (17 especies, 3.400 ind./ha). Los menos diversos fueron los bosques montanos por encima de 800 m (2.583 ind./ha en 16 especies) y los bosques caducifolios de tierras bajas, (1.207 ind./ha y solo siete especies). De las 38 especies, 21 (55%) fueron solitarias, 15 (40%) fueron cespitosas y dos (5%) fueron coloniales. Las especies abundantes y dominantes, tanto en el dosel como en el sotobosque, son las mismas que en otros bosques de la Amazonia y aparecen en varias formaciones forestales en este estudio. La elevada riqueza de especies del bosque de hoja perenne de terra firme de tierras bajas se debe principalmente a un conjunto de especies raras que no aparecen en otras comunidades de palmeras. Las especies mas abundantes fueron, en general, especies con distribuciones amplias y que son compartidas por varias de las comunidades de palmeras, lo que sugiere que son especies generalistas. Los bosques montanos tienen su propio conjunto de especies (tales como Dictyocaryum lamarckianum, Euterpe precatoria var. longevaginata y Geonoma undata) que los define, ademas de las especies comunes que comparten con otras formaciones forestales
Subandean and adjacent lowland palm communities in Bolivia:Comunidades de palmas de bosques subandinos y de las zonas bajas adyacentes en Bolivia
(2012) Henrik Balslev; Zamir Pérez Durán; Dennis Pedersen; Wolf L. Eiserhardt; Adriana Sanjines; Narel Y. Paniagua-Zambrana
The global abundance of tree palms
(Wiley, 2020) Robert Muscarella; Thaíse Emilio; Oliver L. Phillips; Simon L. Lewis; Ferry Slik; William J. Baker; Thomas L. P. Couvreur; Wolf L. Eiserhardt; Jens‐Christian Svenning; Kofi Affum‐Baffoe
Abstract Aim Palms are an iconic, diverse and often abundant component of tropical ecosystems that provide many ecosystem services. Being monocots, tree palms are evolutionarily, morphologically and physiologically distinct from other trees, and these differences have important consequences for ecosystem services (e.g., carbon sequestration and storage) and in terms of responses to climate change. We quantified global patterns of tree palm relative abundance to help improve understanding of tropical forests and reduce uncertainty about these ecosystems under climate change. Location Tropical and subtropical moist forests. Time period Current. Major taxa studied Palms (Arecaceae). Methods We assembled a pantropical dataset of 2,548 forest plots (covering 1,191 ha) and quantified tree palm (i.e., ≥10 cm diameter at breast height) abundance relative to co‐occurring non‐palm trees. We compared the relative abundance of tree palms across biogeographical realms and tested for associations with palaeoclimate stability, current climate, edaphic conditions and metrics of forest structure. Results On average, the relative abundance of tree palms was more than five times larger between Neotropical locations and other biogeographical realms. Tree palms were absent in most locations outside the Neotropics but present in >80% of Neotropical locations. The relative abundance of tree palms was more strongly associated with local conditions (e.g., higher mean annual precipitation, lower soil fertility, shallower water table and lower plot mean wood density) than metrics of long‐term climate stability. Life‐form diversity also influenced the patterns; palm assemblages outside the Neotropics comprise many non‐tree (e.g., climbing) palms. Finally, we show that tree palms can influence estimates of above‐ground biomass, but the magnitude and direction of the effect require additional work. Conclusions Tree palms are not only quintessentially tropical, but they are also overwhelmingly Neotropical. Future work to understand the contributions of tree palms to biomass estimates and carbon cycling will be particularly crucial in Neotropical forests.